Formaldehyde quantification using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry reveals high background environmental formaldehyde levels.
Journal
Scientific reports
ISSN: 2045-2322
Titre abrégé: Sci Rep
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101563288
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
04 Sep 2024
04 Sep 2024
Historique:
received:
12
07
2024
accepted:
26
08
2024
medline:
5
9
2024
pubmed:
5
9
2024
entrez:
4
9
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Formaldehyde (HCHO) is a human toxin that is both a pollutant and endogenous metabolite. HCHO concentrations in human biological samples are reported in the micromolar range; however, accurate quantification is compromised by a paucity of sensitive analysis methods. To address this issue, we previously reported a novel SPME-GC-MS-based HCHO detection method using cysteamine as an HCHO scavenger. This method showed cysteamine to be a more efficient scavenger than the widely used O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine, and enabled detection of aqueous HCHO in the nanomolar range and quantification in the micromolar range. However, quantification in this range required immersive extraction of the HCHO-derived thiazolidine, while a high background signal was also observed. Following on from these studies, we now report an optimised head-space extraction SPME-GC-MS method using cysteamine, which provides similarly sensitive HCHO quantification to the immersive method but avoids extensive wash steps and is therefore more amenable to screening applications. However, high background HCHO levels were still observed A Complementary GC-MS analyses using a 2-aza-Cope-based HCHO scavenger also revealed high background HCHO levels; therefore, the combined results suggest that HCHO exists in high (i.e. micromolar) concentration in aqueous samples that precludes accurate quantification below the micromolar range. This observation has important implications for ongoing HCHO quantification studies in water, including in biological samples.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39232096
doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-71271-z
pii: 10.1038/s41598-024-71271-z
doi:
Substances chimiques
Formaldehyde
1HG84L3525
Cysteamine
5UX2SD1KE2
Environmental Pollutants
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
20621Subventions
Organisme : Cancer Research UK
ID : DDPMA-May22\100086
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
ID : EP/T033460/1
Organisme : Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
ID : EP/T033460/1
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
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