Mental health during the Covid-19 pandemic: An international comparison of gender-related home and work-related responsibilities, and social support.

Anxiety COVID-19 Depression Mental health PTSD, home and work-related responsibilities

Journal

Archives of women's mental health
ISSN: 1435-1102
Titre abrégé: Arch Womens Ment Health
Pays: Austria
ID NLM: 9815663

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
05 Sep 2024
Historique:
received: 22 01 2024
accepted: 29 07 2024
medline: 5 9 2024
pubmed: 5 9 2024
entrez: 5 9 2024
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

PURPOSE  : To assess gender differences in COVID-19 related changes in home and work responsibilities longitudinally, and determine whether these differences, together with other potential risk and protective factors, are associated with depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology. Symptoms of depression, anxiety, and PTSD were measured using an online survey instrument, between May 2020 and April 2021, in four waves completed at 3-monthly intervals. Analyses were based on data from the COvid MEntal healTh (COMET) survey which investigated the mental health effects of the COVID-19 outbreak spanning 13 countries on five continents in N = 7,909 participants. From the first to the last wave, women reported a greater increase in home and work responsibilities, and had higher depression, anxiety and PTSD scores compared to men. Women who reported a reduction in income due to the pandemic had higher depression scores. Working harder and experiencing a reduction in income were also associated with higher anxiety scores in women but not in men. Women were more likely to score above the cut-off for depression (32.5% vs 23.6%, p < .001), anxiety (21.2% vs 14.4%, p < .001) and PTSD (21.2% vs 14.4%, p < .001) than men during the first wave. Stronger reliance on socially supported coping mechanisms was a risk factor for depression, anxiety and PTSD in men and women. Women were more likely to report mental health problems which may be related to the gender disproportionate increase in home and work responsibilities but not necessarily due to COVID-19 stressors.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1007/s00737-024-01497-3 PMID: 39235474
pubmed: 39235474
doi: 10.1007/s00737-024-01497-3
pii: 10.1007/s00737-024-01497-3
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

© 2024. The Author(s).

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Auteurs

Dominique Eugene (D)

Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa. deugene@email.fielding.edu.
Institute for Social Innovation Fellow, Fielding Graduate University, Santa Barbara, CA, USA. deugene@email.fielding.edu.
HBNU Fogarty Global Health Training Program, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. deugene@email.fielding.edu.
ORCID: 0000-0002-3680-8525

Jani Nöthling (J)

Gender and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.

Lorenzo Tarsitani (L)

Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Christina Palantza (C)

Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.

Davide Papola (D)

Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.

Corrado Barbui (C)

WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.

Richard Bryant (R)

School of Psychology, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Catherine Panter-Brick (C)

Jackson School of Global Affairs, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Department of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.

Brian J Hall (BJ)

Center for Global Health Equity, NYU Shanghai, Shanghai, China.

Agnes Iok Fok Lam (AIF)

Department of Communication, Center for Macau Studies, University of Macau, Macau, China.

Anja C Huizink (AC)

Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology and WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Daniela Fuhr (D)

Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Department of Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz Institute of Prevention Research and Epidemiology, Bremen, Germany.
University of Bremen, Health Sciences, Bremen, Germany.

Fredrick Dermawan Purba (FD)

Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia.

Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz (E)

Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Divions of Insurance medicine, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden.

Dhini Andriani (D)

Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia.

Judith van der Waerden (J)

Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Social Epidemiology Research Team, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Paris, France.

Ceren Acartürk (C)

Department of Psychology, Koç University, Istanbul, Türkiye.

Gülşah Kurt (G)

School of Psychology, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Sebastian Burchert (S)

Department of Education and Psychology, Division of Clinical Psychological Intervention, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Christine Knaevelsrud (C)

Department of Education and Psychology, Division of Clinical Psychological Intervention, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Anke B Witteveen (AB)

Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology and WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Martina Patane (M)

Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology and WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Soledad Quero (S)

Department of Basic, Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain and CIBER de Fisiopatología de La Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.

Amanda Díaz-García (A)

Department of Psychology and Sociology, Universidad de Zaragoza (Campus Teruel), Teruel, Spain.

Naser Morina (N)

Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Irene Pinucci (I)

Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Marit Sijbrandij (M)

Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology and WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Soraya Seedat (S)

South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Cape Town, South Africa.

Classifications MeSH