A potential biomarker for age-related macular degeneration disease: iris freckles.

Age-related macular degeneration Iris freckles Ultraviole exposure

Journal

International journal of retina and vitreous

ISSN: 2056-9920

Titre abrégé: Int J Retina Vitreous

Pays: England

ID NLM: 101677897

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
05 Sep 2024

Historique:

received: 20 06 2024

accepted: 15 08 2024

medline: 6 9 2024

pubmed: 6 9 2024

entrez: 5 9 2024

Statut: epublish

Résumé

To determine the potential relationship between age-related macular degeneration and iris freckles. In this case-control study, iris photographs of 300 eyes of 300 patients diagnosed with age-related macular degeneration and 300 eyes of 300 healthy volunteers were obtained with the help of a high-resolution mobile phone camera. The evaluated iris photographs were classified according to the Descriptive Iris Color Classification Scale. The average age of the AMD group is 73.05 ± 6.93, and the average age of the control group is 73.43 ± 5.72. (p = 0.124) While freckles were present in 200 (66.7%) of the patients in the AMD group, freckles were not observed in 100 patients (33.3%) of AMD group. While freckles were present in 142 (47.3%) of the patients in the control group, freckles were not observed in 158 of control group(52.7%). There was a significant difference in the presence of freckles between the two groups. (p < 0.001) The average number of freckles in the AMD group was 3.97 ± 3.07, and the number of freckles in the control group was 3.06 ± 2.55. (p = 0.001) CONCLUSION: We think that evaluation of iris details, especially the presence of iris freckles, should be used routinely in age-related macular degeneration screening. The risk of age-related macular degeneration can be predicted by evaluating iris details, which is an easy and inexpensive method.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1186/s40942-024-00575-z PMID: 39238056

pubmed: 39238056

doi: 10.1186/s40942-024-00575-z

pii: 10.1186/s40942-024-00575-z

doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

Informations de copyright

Références

Lim LS, Mitchell P, Seddon JM, Holz FG, Wong TY. Age-related macular degeneration. Lancet. 2012;379(9827):1728–38.

doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60282-7 pubmed: 22559899

Ferris FL, Fine SL, Hyman L. Age-related macular degeneration and blindness due to neovascular maculopathy. Arch Ophthalmol. 1984;102(11):1640–2.

doi: 10.1001/archopht.1984.01040031330019 pubmed: 6208888

Schick T, Ersoy L, Lechanteur YT, Saksens NT, Hoyng CB, den Hollander AI, Kirchhof B, Fauser S. History of sunlight exposure is a risk factor for age-related macular degeneration. Retina. 2016;36:787–90.

doi: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000000756 pubmed: 26441265

Sui GY, Liu GC, Liu GY, Gao YY, Deng Y, Wang WY, Tong SH, Wang L. Is sunlight exposure a risk factor for age-related macular degeneration? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Ophthalmol. 2013;97(4):389–94.

doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2012-302281 pubmed: 23143904

Qu Y, Jiang Y, Zhang G, Luo H, Hu W, Wu Z, Meng X, Chen R, Jia H, Sun X. Association of exposure to ultraviolet radiation and warm-season ozone air pollution with incident age-related macular degeneration: a nationwide cohort study in China. Sci Total Environ. 2024;938:173580. Epub 2024 May 27. PMID: 38810762.

doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173580 pubmed: 38810762

Eagle RC. Iris pigmentation and pigmented lesions: an ultrastructural study. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 1988;86:581–687.

pubmed: 2979031 pmcid: 1298824

Shields JA, Shields CL. Intraocular tumors: an Atlas andTextbook. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer; 2008.

Shields CL, Kancherla S, Patel J, Vijayvargiya P, Suriano MM, Kolbus E, Badami A, Sharma P, Jacobs E, Voluck M, Zhang Z, Kansal R, Shields PW, Bianciotto CG, Shields JA. Clinical survey of 3680 iris tumors based on patient age at presentation. Ophthalmology. 2012;119(2):407–14.

doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.07.059 pubmed: 22035581

Grigore M, Furtunescu F, Minca D, Costache M, Garbe C, Simionescu O. The iris signal: blue periphery, tan collaret and freckles pattern strong indicators for epidermal skin cancer in South-Eastern Europe. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2018;32(10):1662–7.

doi: 10.1111/jdv.14929 pubmed: 29524265

Schwab C, Mayer C, Zalaudek I, Riedl R, Richtig M, Wackernagel W, Hofmann-Wellenhof R, Richtig G, Langmann G, Tarmann L, Wedrich A, Richtig E. Iris Freckles a potential biomarker for chronic Sun damage. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2017;58(6):BIO174–9.

doi: 10.1167/iovs.17-21751 pubmed: 28715582

Ferris FL 3rd, Wilkinson CP, Bird A, Chakravarthy U, Chew E, Csaky K, Sadda SR. Beckman Initiative for Macular Research Classification Committee. Clinical classification of age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmology. 2013;120(4):844–51.

doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2012.10.036 pubmed: 23332590

Age-related macular degeneration. Diagnosis and management. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE); 2018. Jan. (NICE Guideline, No. 82.).

Simionescu O, Grigore M, Furtunescu F, Minca D, Chitu V, Costache M. A novel iris colour classification scale. Ann Res Rev Biol. 2014;4:2525–34.

doi: 10.9734/ARRB/2014/9906

Cui R, Widlund HR, Feige E, Lin JY, Wilensky DL, Igras VE, D’Orazio J, Fung CY, Schanbacher CF, Granter SR, Fisher DE. Central role of p53 in the suntan response and pathologic hyperpigmentation. Cell. 2007;128(5):853–64.

doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2006.12.045 pubmed: 17350573

LüofflerG,PetridesPE.BiochemieUndPathobiochemie. Berlin: Springer; 2013.

Rabe JH, Mamelak AJ, McElgunn PJ, Morison WL, Sauder DN. Photoaging: mechanisms and repair. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;55:1–19.

doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2005.05.010 pubmed: 16781287

Sample A, He YY. Mechanisms and prevention of UV-induced melanoma. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2018;34(1):13–24.

doi: 10.1111/phpp.12329 pubmed: 28703311