The gut microbiota modifies antibody durability and booster responses after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
Humans
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
/ immunology
Male
Female
Adult
Antibodies, Viral
/ blood
SARS-CoV-2
/ immunology
Immunization, Secondary
COVID-19
/ immunology
BNT162 Vaccine
/ immunology
Vaccination
COVID-19 Vaccines
/ immunology
Middle Aged
ChAdOx1 nCoV-19
/ immunology
Prospective Studies
Antibody Formation
/ immunology
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
/ immunology
Immunity, Humoral
/ immunology
Young Adult
Gut Microbiome
Half-life
Immunogenicity
SARS-CoV-2
Vaccination
Journal
Journal of translational medicine
ISSN: 1479-5876
Titre abrégé: J Transl Med
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101190741
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
06 Sep 2024
06 Sep 2024
Historique:
received:
03
05
2024
accepted:
26
08
2024
medline:
7
9
2024
pubmed:
7
9
2024
entrez:
6
9
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines are pivotal in combating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, the declining antibody titers postvaccination pose challenges for sustained protection and herd immunity. Although gut microbiome is reported to affect the early antibody response after vaccination, its impact on the longevity of vaccine-induced antibodies remains unexplored. A prospective cohort study was conducted involving 44 healthy adults who received two doses of either the BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 vaccine, followed by a BNT162b2 booster at six months. The gut microbiome was serially analyzed using 16S rRNA and shotgun sequencing, while humoral immune response was assessed using a SARS-CoV-2 spike protein immunoassay. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii was associated with robust and persistent antibody responses post-BNT162b2 vaccination. In comparison, Escherichia coli was associated with a slower antibody decay following ChAdOx1 vaccination. The booster immune response was correlated with metabolic pathways involving cellular functions and aromatic amino acid synthesis. The findings of this study underscored the potential interaction between the gut microbiome and the longevity/boosting effect of antibodies following vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. The identification of specific microbial associations suggests the prospect of microbiome-based strategies for enhancing vaccine efficacy.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines are pivotal in combating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, the declining antibody titers postvaccination pose challenges for sustained protection and herd immunity. Although gut microbiome is reported to affect the early antibody response after vaccination, its impact on the longevity of vaccine-induced antibodies remains unexplored.
METHODS
METHODS
A prospective cohort study was conducted involving 44 healthy adults who received two doses of either the BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 vaccine, followed by a BNT162b2 booster at six months. The gut microbiome was serially analyzed using 16S rRNA and shotgun sequencing, while humoral immune response was assessed using a SARS-CoV-2 spike protein immunoassay.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii was associated with robust and persistent antibody responses post-BNT162b2 vaccination. In comparison, Escherichia coli was associated with a slower antibody decay following ChAdOx1 vaccination. The booster immune response was correlated with metabolic pathways involving cellular functions and aromatic amino acid synthesis.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
The findings of this study underscored the potential interaction between the gut microbiome and the longevity/boosting effect of antibodies following vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. The identification of specific microbial associations suggests the prospect of microbiome-based strategies for enhancing vaccine efficacy.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39242525
doi: 10.1186/s12967-024-05637-2
pii: 10.1186/s12967-024-05637-2
doi:
Substances chimiques
Antibodies, Viral
0
BNT162 Vaccine
0
COVID-19 Vaccines
0
ChAdOx1 nCoV-19
B5S3K2V0G8
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
827Subventions
Organisme : Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea
ID : NRF-2021M3E5D1A01015187
Organisme : Ministry of Education
ID : NRF-2021R1I1A1A01050391
Organisme : Ministry of Education
ID : NRF-2018R1D1A1B07045711
Organisme : Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
ID : 2021ER260300
Pays : Republic of Korea
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
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