Assessing the legal, illegal, and gray ornamental trade of the critically endangered helmeted hornbill.

CITES auction trade demand demanda endangered species especie en peligro illegal wildlife trade mercado de subastas mercado ilegal de fauna 拍卖 濒危物种 濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约 需求 非法野生动物贸易

Journal

Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology
ISSN: 1523-1739
Titre abrégé: Conserv Biol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9882301

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Oct 2024
Historique:
revised: 22 03 2024
received: 25 06 2023
accepted: 24 05 2024
medline: 9 9 2024
pubmed: 9 9 2024
entrez: 9 9 2024
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Monitoring wildlife trade dynamics is an important initial step for conservation action and demand reduction campaigns to reduce illegal wildlife trade. Studies often rely on one data source to assess a species' trade, such as seizures or the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) trade data. Each database provides useful information but is often incomplete. Combining information from multiple sources helps provide a more complete understanding of trade. A recent rapid increase in demand for helmeted hornbill (Rhinoplax vigil) casques (a brightly colored, solid keratinous rostrum) led to its uplisting to critically endangered on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List in 2015. However, there is little current information on what factors influence trade trends and what current levels of demand are. We combined data from CITES, seizure records, and previously underused, yet abundant, art and antique auction data to examine the global trade in helmeted hornbill casque products (HHPs). Three decades of auction data revealed that 1027 individual HHPs had been auctioned since 1992; total auction sales were over US$3 million from 1992 to 2021. The number of HHPs auctioned was greatest from 2011 to 2014, just after the global art boom (2009-2011), followed by a decline in volume and price. The auction data also revealed 2 possible markets for HHPs: true antique and speculative, defined by era, price, and trade patterns. Trends in illegal trade matched those of the auction market, but legal trade remained consistently low. Combining data sources from legal, illegal, and gray markets provided an overview of the dynamics of illegal trade in an endangered species. This approach can be applied to other wildlife markets to provide a more complete understanding of trade and demand at the market level to inform future demand reduction campaigns. Análisis del comercio ornamental legal, ilegal y gris del cálao con casco, especie en peligro crítico Resumen El monitoreo de la dinámica del comercio de especies silvestres es un paso inicial importante para las acciones de conservación y las campañas de reducción de la demanda destinadas a reducir el comercio ilegal de especies silvestres. Los estudios suelen basarse en una sola fuente de datos para evaluar el comercio de una especie, como las incautaciones o los datos comerciales de la Convención sobre el Comercio Internacional de Especies Amenazadas de Fauna y Flora Silvestres (CITES). Cada base de datos proporciona información útil, pero a menudo incompleta. La combinación de información procedente de varias fuentes ayuda a comprender mejor el comercio. Un reciente y rápido aumento de la demanda de cascos (un casquete queratinoso, sólido y de colores brillantes) de cálao con casco (Rhinoplax vigil) hizo que en 2015 se incluyera en la Lista Roja de la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza como especie en peligro crítico. Sin embargo, existe poca información actual sobre los factores que influyen en las tendencias del comercio y cuáles son los niveles actuales de demanda. Combinamos datos de CITES, registros de incautaciones y datos de subastas de arte y antigüedades previamente poco utilizados, aunque abundantes, para examinar el comercio mundial de productos de casquetes de cálao con casco (CCC). Tres décadas de datos de subastas revelaron que se habían subastado 1,027 CCC individuales desde 1992; las ventas totales en subasta superaron los tres millones de dólares entre 1992 y 2021. El número de CCC subastados fue mayor entre 2011 y 2014, justo después del boom del arte (2009‐2011), seguido de un descenso en volumen y precio. Los datos de las subastas también revelaron dos posibles mercados para los CCC: el de las verdaderas antigüedades y el especulativo, definidos por la época, el precio y los patrones de comercio. Las tendencias del comercio ilegal coincidieron con las del mercado de subastas, pero el comercio legal se mantuvo bajo con constancia. Con la combinación de fuentes de datos de mercados legales, ilegales y grises, nuestros datos proporcionaron una visión general de la dinámica del comercio ilegal de una especie amenazada. Este enfoque puede aplicarse a otros mercados de especies silvestres para obtener un conocimiento más completo del comercio y la demanda a nivel de mercado que sirva de base a futuras campañas de reducción de la demanda. 监测野生动物贸易动态是保育和减少非法野生动物贸易的先要步骤。有关非法野生动物贸易的研究通常采用单一的数据源, 如海关数据或濒危野生动物种国际贸易公约 (CITES) 提供的贸易数据等来评估物种的贸易情况。单一数据库提供的信息虽然有用,但通常不完整。结合来自多个来源的信息会有助更完整地了解贸易情况。近期, 市场对盔犀鸟 (Rhinoplax vigil) 盔突(即鸟头头骨及鸟喙上色彩鲜艳且实心的角蛋白突出物)的需求急剧增加,导致盔犀鸟在2015年被列为国际自然保护联盟红色名录中的极危物种。然而,目前影响盔犀鸟贸易的因素以及现时市场对盔犀鸟的需求程度等资讯仍然欠缺。我们结合了 CITES的数据、海关数据、以及之前鲜少被使用但资料充足的艺术品和古董拍卖数据, 以分析盔犀鸟制品 (HHP) 的全球贸易。三十年的拍卖数据显示, 自 1992 年以来, 已有 1,027 个 HHP 被拍卖;1992 年至 2021 年的总拍卖额超过 300 万美元。被拍卖的 HHP 数量在艺术品热潮 (2009‐2011) 之后, 于 2011 年至 2014 年达到最高点, 随后数量和价格下降。拍卖数据还揭示了 HHP 的两个可能市场:真正古董收藏和投机市场, 由时代、价格和贸易模式定义。非法贸易的趋势与拍卖市场的趋势相吻合, 但合法贸易的数量一直保持低位。透过结合来自合法、非法和灰色市场的数据, 我们的数据概述了该濒危物种非法贸易的动态。这种研究方法可以套用在其他野生动物市场上, 去帮助更全面地了解各种野生动物制品的贸易和需求, 为未来降低野生动物贸易需求的宣传活动提供资料。 评估极危盔犀鸟观赏品的非法、合法和灰色贸易.

Autres résumés

Type: Publisher (spa)
Análisis del comercio ornamental legal, ilegal y gris del cálao con casco, especie en peligro crítico Resumen El monitoreo de la dinámica del comercio de especies silvestres es un paso inicial importante para las acciones de conservación y las campañas de reducción de la demanda destinadas a reducir el comercio ilegal de especies silvestres. Los estudios suelen basarse en una sola fuente de datos para evaluar el comercio de una especie, como las incautaciones o los datos comerciales de la Convención sobre el Comercio Internacional de Especies Amenazadas de Fauna y Flora Silvestres (CITES). Cada base de datos proporciona información útil, pero a menudo incompleta. La combinación de información procedente de varias fuentes ayuda a comprender mejor el comercio. Un reciente y rápido aumento de la demanda de cascos (un casquete queratinoso, sólido y de colores brillantes) de cálao con casco (Rhinoplax vigil) hizo que en 2015 se incluyera en la Lista Roja de la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza como especie en peligro crítico. Sin embargo, existe poca información actual sobre los factores que influyen en las tendencias del comercio y cuáles son los niveles actuales de demanda. Combinamos datos de CITES, registros de incautaciones y datos de subastas de arte y antigüedades previamente poco utilizados, aunque abundantes, para examinar el comercio mundial de productos de casquetes de cálao con casco (CCC). Tres décadas de datos de subastas revelaron que se habían subastado 1,027 CCC individuales desde 1992; las ventas totales en subasta superaron los tres millones de dólares entre 1992 y 2021. El número de CCC subastados fue mayor entre 2011 y 2014, justo después del boom del arte (2009‐2011), seguido de un descenso en volumen y precio. Los datos de las subastas también revelaron dos posibles mercados para los CCC: el de las verdaderas antigüedades y el especulativo, definidos por la época, el precio y los patrones de comercio. Las tendencias del comercio ilegal coincidieron con las del mercado de subastas, pero el comercio legal se mantuvo bajo con constancia. Con la combinación de fuentes de datos de mercados legales, ilegales y grises, nuestros datos proporcionaron una visión general de la dinámica del comercio ilegal de una especie amenazada. Este enfoque puede aplicarse a otros mercados de especies silvestres para obtener un conocimiento más completo del comercio y la demanda a nivel de mercado que sirva de base a futuras campañas de reducción de la demanda.
Type: Publisher (chi)
监测野生动物贸易动态是保育和减少非法野生动物贸易的先要步骤。有关非法野生动物贸易的研究通常采用单一的数据源, 如海关数据或濒危野生动物种国际贸易公约 (CITES) 提供的贸易数据等来评估物种的贸易情况。单一数据库提供的信息虽然有用,但通常不完整。结合来自多个来源的信息会有助更完整地了解贸易情况。近期, 市场对盔犀鸟 (Rhinoplax vigil) 盔突(即鸟头头骨及鸟喙上色彩鲜艳且实心的角蛋白突出物)的需求急剧增加,导致盔犀鸟在2015年被列为国际自然保护联盟红色名录中的极危物种。然而,目前影响盔犀鸟贸易的因素以及现时市场对盔犀鸟的需求程度等资讯仍然欠缺。我们结合了 CITES的数据、海关数据、以及之前鲜少被使用但资料充足的艺术品和古董拍卖数据, 以分析盔犀鸟制品 (HHP) 的全球贸易。三十年的拍卖数据显示, 自 1992 年以来, 已有 1,027 个 HHP 被拍卖;1992 年至 2021 年的总拍卖额超过 300 万美元。被拍卖的 HHP 数量在艺术品热潮 (2009‐2011) 之后, 于 2011 年至 2014 年达到最高点, 随后数量和价格下降。拍卖数据还揭示了 HHP 的两个可能市场:真正古董收藏和投机市场, 由时代、价格和贸易模式定义。非法贸易的趋势与拍卖市场的趋势相吻合, 但合法贸易的数量一直保持低位。透过结合来自合法、非法和灰色市场的数据, 我们的数据概述了该濒危物种非法贸易的动态。这种研究方法可以套用在其他野生动物市场上, 去帮助更全面地了解各种野生动物制品的贸易和需求, 为未来降低野生动物贸易需求的宣传活动提供资料。 评估极危盔犀鸟观赏品的非法、合法和灰色贸易.

Identifiants

pubmed: 39248733
doi: 10.1111/cobi.14358
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

e14358

Subventions

Organisme : Ocean Park Conservation Foundation, Hong Kong
ID : BD02.1819
Organisme : National Geographic Society
ID : NGS-50728C-18

Informations de copyright

© 2024 The Author(s). Conservation Biology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society for Conservation Biology.

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Auteurs

Chloe E R Hatten (CER)

School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Yok Yok Hadiprakarsa (YY)

Rekam Nusantara Foundation - Rangkong Indonesia, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.

Jack Y K Lam (JYK)

Illegal Wildlife Trade Research and Investigation Consultant.

Janice Mak (J)

School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Pavel Toropov (P)

School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Caroline Dingle (C)

School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Department of Biology, Capilano University, North Vancouver, Canada.

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