Quantification of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum in kimchi cabbage using a surface-enhanced Raman scattering platform with silver nanostructures.

Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (PCC) is a notorious plant pathogen responsible for severe soft rot in kimchi cabbage, which results in significant economic losses. To detect PCC rapidly and accurately in kimchi cabbage, we developed a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate on which silver nanospheres (AgNSs), nanowires (AgNWs), and nanoseeds are combined on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) platform. The incorporation of Ag nanoseeds creates a higher density of hotspots, which ensures a low detection limit of 1.001 CFU/mL. Electron microscopy and spectroscopic analyses confirmed the successful fabrication of the substrate and its enhanced sensitivity. The SERS substrate exhibits excellent selectivity by effectively distinguishing PCC from other bacteria commonly found in kimchi cabbage. The substrate gives rise to strong Raman signals across PCC concentrations ranging from 10

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Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.