Perioperative Durvalumab with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Operable Bladder Cancer.

Journal

The New England journal of medicine
ISSN: 1533-4406
Titre abrégé: N Engl J Med
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0255562

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
15 Sep 2024
Historique:
medline: 17 9 2024
pubmed: 17 9 2024
entrez: 16 9 2024
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy is the standard treatment for cisplatin-eligible patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Adding perioperative immunotherapy may improve outcomes. In this phase 3, open-label, randomized trial, we assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, cisplatin-eligible patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer to receive neoadjuvant durvalumab plus gemcitabine-cisplatin every 3 weeks for four cycles, followed by radical cystectomy and adjuvant durvalumab every 4 weeks for eight cycles (durvalumab group), or to receive neoadjuvant gemcitabine-cisplatin followed by radical cystectomy alone (comparison group). Event-free survival was one of two primary end points. Overall survival was the key secondary end point. In total, 533 patients were assigned to the durvalumab group and 530 to the comparison group. The estimated event-free survival at 24 months was 67.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 63.6 to 71.7) in the durvalumab group and 59.8% (95% CI, 55.4 to 64.0) in the comparison group (hazard ratio for progression, recurrence, not undergoing radical cystectomy, or death from any cause, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.56 to 0.82; P<0.001 by stratified log-rank test). The estimated overall survival at 24 months was 82.2% (95% CI, 78.7 to 85.2) in the durvalumab group and 75.2% (95% CI, 71.3 to 78.8) in the comparison group (hazard ratio for death, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.59 to 0.93; P = 0.01 by stratified log-rank test). Treatment-related adverse events of grade 3 or 4 in severity occurred in 40.6% of the patients in the durvalumab group and in 40.9% of those in the comparison group; treatment-related adverse events leading to death occurred in 0.6% in each group. Radical cystectomy was performed in 88.0% of the patients in the durvalumab group and in 83.2% of those in the comparison group. Perioperative durvalumab plus neoadjuvant chemotherapy led to significant improvements in event-free survival and overall survival as compared with neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone. (Funded by AstraZeneca; NIAGARA ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03732677; EudraCT number, 2018-001811-59.).

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy is the standard treatment for cisplatin-eligible patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Adding perioperative immunotherapy may improve outcomes.
METHODS METHODS
In this phase 3, open-label, randomized trial, we assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, cisplatin-eligible patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer to receive neoadjuvant durvalumab plus gemcitabine-cisplatin every 3 weeks for four cycles, followed by radical cystectomy and adjuvant durvalumab every 4 weeks for eight cycles (durvalumab group), or to receive neoadjuvant gemcitabine-cisplatin followed by radical cystectomy alone (comparison group). Event-free survival was one of two primary end points. Overall survival was the key secondary end point.
RESULTS RESULTS
In total, 533 patients were assigned to the durvalumab group and 530 to the comparison group. The estimated event-free survival at 24 months was 67.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 63.6 to 71.7) in the durvalumab group and 59.8% (95% CI, 55.4 to 64.0) in the comparison group (hazard ratio for progression, recurrence, not undergoing radical cystectomy, or death from any cause, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.56 to 0.82; P<0.001 by stratified log-rank test). The estimated overall survival at 24 months was 82.2% (95% CI, 78.7 to 85.2) in the durvalumab group and 75.2% (95% CI, 71.3 to 78.8) in the comparison group (hazard ratio for death, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.59 to 0.93; P = 0.01 by stratified log-rank test). Treatment-related adverse events of grade 3 or 4 in severity occurred in 40.6% of the patients in the durvalumab group and in 40.9% of those in the comparison group; treatment-related adverse events leading to death occurred in 0.6% in each group. Radical cystectomy was performed in 88.0% of the patients in the durvalumab group and in 83.2% of those in the comparison group.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
Perioperative durvalumab plus neoadjuvant chemotherapy led to significant improvements in event-free survival and overall survival as compared with neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone. (Funded by AstraZeneca; NIAGARA ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03732677; EudraCT number, 2018-001811-59.).

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2408154 PMID: 39282910
pubmed: 39282910
doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2408154
doi:

Banques de données

ClinicalTrials.gov
['NCT03732677']
EudraCT
['2018-001811-59']

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Subventions

Organisme : AstraZeneca
ID : N/A

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2024 Massachusetts Medical Society.

Auteurs

Thomas Powles (T)

From Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Biomedical Research Centre, London (T.P.), the Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield (J.W.F.C.), and AstraZeneca, Cambridge (J.A.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.D.G.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (H.A.-A.), and AstraZeneca (A.G.) - all in New York; the Departments of Urology and Biochemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (J.J.M.); the University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (H.N.); Internal Medical 3, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi (T.Q.V.); the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and the Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital - both in Florence, Italy (L.A.); Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.W.); the Volga District Medical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (V.A.); Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo (A.G.K.); the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea (T-H.K.); Medical Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (C.S.); the Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-H.C.); the Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany (F.R.); Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.Ö.); BC Cancer-Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada (B.J.E.); Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Misericordiae, and the School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, University of Queensland - both in Brisbane, Australia (N.O.); the Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (T.B.); the Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - both in Israel (M.G.); the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City (Y.Z.); AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (S.H.); and the Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.S.H.).

James W F Catto (JWF)

From Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Biomedical Research Centre, London (T.P.), the Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield (J.W.F.C.), and AstraZeneca, Cambridge (J.A.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.D.G.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (H.A.-A.), and AstraZeneca (A.G.) - all in New York; the Departments of Urology and Biochemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (J.J.M.); the University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (H.N.); Internal Medical 3, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi (T.Q.V.); the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and the Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital - both in Florence, Italy (L.A.); Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.W.); the Volga District Medical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (V.A.); Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo (A.G.K.); the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea (T-H.K.); Medical Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (C.S.); the Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-H.C.); the Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany (F.R.); Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.Ö.); BC Cancer-Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada (B.J.E.); Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Misericordiae, and the School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, University of Queensland - both in Brisbane, Australia (N.O.); the Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (T.B.); the Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - both in Israel (M.G.); the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City (Y.Z.); AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (S.H.); and the Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.S.H.).
ORCID: 0000-0003-2787-8828

Matthew D Galsky (MD)

From Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Biomedical Research Centre, London (T.P.), the Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield (J.W.F.C.), and AstraZeneca, Cambridge (J.A.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.D.G.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (H.A.-A.), and AstraZeneca (A.G.) - all in New York; the Departments of Urology and Biochemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (J.J.M.); the University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (H.N.); Internal Medical 3, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi (T.Q.V.); the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and the Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital - both in Florence, Italy (L.A.); Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.W.); the Volga District Medical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (V.A.); Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo (A.G.K.); the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea (T-H.K.); Medical Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (C.S.); the Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-H.C.); the Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany (F.R.); Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.Ö.); BC Cancer-Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada (B.J.E.); Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Misericordiae, and the School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, University of Queensland - both in Brisbane, Australia (N.O.); the Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (T.B.); the Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - both in Israel (M.G.); the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City (Y.Z.); AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (S.H.); and the Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.S.H.).

Hikmat Al-Ahmadie (H)

From Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Biomedical Research Centre, London (T.P.), the Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield (J.W.F.C.), and AstraZeneca, Cambridge (J.A.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.D.G.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (H.A.-A.), and AstraZeneca (A.G.) - all in New York; the Departments of Urology and Biochemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (J.J.M.); the University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (H.N.); Internal Medical 3, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi (T.Q.V.); the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and the Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital - both in Florence, Italy (L.A.); Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.W.); the Volga District Medical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (V.A.); Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo (A.G.K.); the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea (T-H.K.); Medical Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (C.S.); the Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-H.C.); the Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany (F.R.); Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.Ö.); BC Cancer-Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada (B.J.E.); Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Misericordiae, and the School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, University of Queensland - both in Brisbane, Australia (N.O.); the Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (T.B.); the Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - both in Israel (M.G.); the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City (Y.Z.); AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (S.H.); and the Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.S.H.).
ORCID: 0000-0002-2938-6627

Joshua J Meeks (JJ)

From Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Biomedical Research Centre, London (T.P.), the Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield (J.W.F.C.), and AstraZeneca, Cambridge (J.A.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.D.G.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (H.A.-A.), and AstraZeneca (A.G.) - all in New York; the Departments of Urology and Biochemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (J.J.M.); the University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (H.N.); Internal Medical 3, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi (T.Q.V.); the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and the Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital - both in Florence, Italy (L.A.); Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.W.); the Volga District Medical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (V.A.); Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo (A.G.K.); the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea (T-H.K.); Medical Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (C.S.); the Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-H.C.); the Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany (F.R.); Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.Ö.); BC Cancer-Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada (B.J.E.); Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Misericordiae, and the School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, University of Queensland - both in Brisbane, Australia (N.O.); the Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (T.B.); the Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - both in Israel (M.G.); the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City (Y.Z.); AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (S.H.); and the Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.S.H.).

Hiroyuki Nishiyama (H)

From Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Biomedical Research Centre, London (T.P.), the Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield (J.W.F.C.), and AstraZeneca, Cambridge (J.A.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.D.G.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (H.A.-A.), and AstraZeneca (A.G.) - all in New York; the Departments of Urology and Biochemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (J.J.M.); the University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (H.N.); Internal Medical 3, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi (T.Q.V.); the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and the Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital - both in Florence, Italy (L.A.); Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.W.); the Volga District Medical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (V.A.); Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo (A.G.K.); the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea (T-H.K.); Medical Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (C.S.); the Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-H.C.); the Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany (F.R.); Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.Ö.); BC Cancer-Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada (B.J.E.); Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Misericordiae, and the School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, University of Queensland - both in Brisbane, Australia (N.O.); the Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (T.B.); the Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - both in Israel (M.G.); the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City (Y.Z.); AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (S.H.); and the Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.S.H.).

Toan Quang Vu (TQ)

From Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Biomedical Research Centre, London (T.P.), the Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield (J.W.F.C.), and AstraZeneca, Cambridge (J.A.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.D.G.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (H.A.-A.), and AstraZeneca (A.G.) - all in New York; the Departments of Urology and Biochemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (J.J.M.); the University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (H.N.); Internal Medical 3, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi (T.Q.V.); the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and the Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital - both in Florence, Italy (L.A.); Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.W.); the Volga District Medical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (V.A.); Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo (A.G.K.); the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea (T-H.K.); Medical Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (C.S.); the Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-H.C.); the Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany (F.R.); Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.Ö.); BC Cancer-Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada (B.J.E.); Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Misericordiae, and the School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, University of Queensland - both in Brisbane, Australia (N.O.); the Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (T.B.); the Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - both in Israel (M.G.); the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City (Y.Z.); AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (S.H.); and the Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.S.H.).

Lorenzo Antonuzzo (L)

From Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Biomedical Research Centre, London (T.P.), the Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield (J.W.F.C.), and AstraZeneca, Cambridge (J.A.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.D.G.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (H.A.-A.), and AstraZeneca (A.G.) - all in New York; the Departments of Urology and Biochemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (J.J.M.); the University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (H.N.); Internal Medical 3, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi (T.Q.V.); the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and the Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital - both in Florence, Italy (L.A.); Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.W.); the Volga District Medical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (V.A.); Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo (A.G.K.); the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea (T-H.K.); Medical Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (C.S.); the Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-H.C.); the Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany (F.R.); Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.Ö.); BC Cancer-Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada (B.J.E.); Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Misericordiae, and the School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, University of Queensland - both in Brisbane, Australia (N.O.); the Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (T.B.); the Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - both in Israel (M.G.); the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City (Y.Z.); AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (S.H.); and the Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.S.H.).

Pawel Wiechno (P)

From Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Biomedical Research Centre, London (T.P.), the Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield (J.W.F.C.), and AstraZeneca, Cambridge (J.A.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.D.G.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (H.A.-A.), and AstraZeneca (A.G.) - all in New York; the Departments of Urology and Biochemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (J.J.M.); the University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (H.N.); Internal Medical 3, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi (T.Q.V.); the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and the Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital - both in Florence, Italy (L.A.); Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.W.); the Volga District Medical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (V.A.); Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo (A.G.K.); the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea (T-H.K.); Medical Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (C.S.); the Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-H.C.); the Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany (F.R.); Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.Ö.); BC Cancer-Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada (B.J.E.); Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Misericordiae, and the School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, University of Queensland - both in Brisbane, Australia (N.O.); the Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (T.B.); the Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - both in Israel (M.G.); the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City (Y.Z.); AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (S.H.); and the Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.S.H.).

Vagif Atduev (V)

From Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Biomedical Research Centre, London (T.P.), the Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield (J.W.F.C.), and AstraZeneca, Cambridge (J.A.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.D.G.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (H.A.-A.), and AstraZeneca (A.G.) - all in New York; the Departments of Urology and Biochemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (J.J.M.); the University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (H.N.); Internal Medical 3, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi (T.Q.V.); the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and the Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital - both in Florence, Italy (L.A.); Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.W.); the Volga District Medical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (V.A.); Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo (A.G.K.); the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea (T-H.K.); Medical Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (C.S.); the Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-H.C.); the Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany (F.R.); Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.Ö.); BC Cancer-Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada (B.J.E.); Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Misericordiae, and the School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, University of Queensland - both in Brisbane, Australia (N.O.); the Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (T.B.); the Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - both in Israel (M.G.); the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City (Y.Z.); AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (S.H.); and the Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.S.H.).

Ariel G Kann (AG)

From Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Biomedical Research Centre, London (T.P.), the Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield (J.W.F.C.), and AstraZeneca, Cambridge (J.A.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.D.G.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (H.A.-A.), and AstraZeneca (A.G.) - all in New York; the Departments of Urology and Biochemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (J.J.M.); the University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (H.N.); Internal Medical 3, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi (T.Q.V.); the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and the Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital - both in Florence, Italy (L.A.); Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.W.); the Volga District Medical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (V.A.); Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo (A.G.K.); the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea (T-H.K.); Medical Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (C.S.); the Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-H.C.); the Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany (F.R.); Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.Ö.); BC Cancer-Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada (B.J.E.); Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Misericordiae, and the School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, University of Queensland - both in Brisbane, Australia (N.O.); the Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (T.B.); the Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - both in Israel (M.G.); the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City (Y.Z.); AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (S.H.); and the Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.S.H.).
ORCID: 0000-0002-7260-2030

Tae-Hwan Kim (TH)

From Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Biomedical Research Centre, London (T.P.), the Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield (J.W.F.C.), and AstraZeneca, Cambridge (J.A.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.D.G.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (H.A.-A.), and AstraZeneca (A.G.) - all in New York; the Departments of Urology and Biochemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (J.J.M.); the University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (H.N.); Internal Medical 3, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi (T.Q.V.); the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and the Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital - both in Florence, Italy (L.A.); Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.W.); the Volga District Medical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (V.A.); Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo (A.G.K.); the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea (T-H.K.); Medical Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (C.S.); the Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-H.C.); the Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany (F.R.); Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.Ö.); BC Cancer-Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada (B.J.E.); Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Misericordiae, and the School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, University of Queensland - both in Brisbane, Australia (N.O.); the Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (T.B.); the Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - both in Israel (M.G.); the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City (Y.Z.); AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (S.H.); and the Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.S.H.).

Cristina Suárez (C)

From Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Biomedical Research Centre, London (T.P.), the Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield (J.W.F.C.), and AstraZeneca, Cambridge (J.A.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.D.G.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (H.A.-A.), and AstraZeneca (A.G.) - all in New York; the Departments of Urology and Biochemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (J.J.M.); the University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (H.N.); Internal Medical 3, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi (T.Q.V.); the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and the Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital - both in Florence, Italy (L.A.); Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.W.); the Volga District Medical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (V.A.); Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo (A.G.K.); the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea (T-H.K.); Medical Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (C.S.); the Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-H.C.); the Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany (F.R.); Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.Ö.); BC Cancer-Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada (B.J.E.); Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Misericordiae, and the School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, University of Queensland - both in Brisbane, Australia (N.O.); the Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (T.B.); the Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - both in Israel (M.G.); the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City (Y.Z.); AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (S.H.); and the Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.S.H.).

Chao-Hsiang Chang (CH)

From Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Biomedical Research Centre, London (T.P.), the Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield (J.W.F.C.), and AstraZeneca, Cambridge (J.A.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.D.G.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (H.A.-A.), and AstraZeneca (A.G.) - all in New York; the Departments of Urology and Biochemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (J.J.M.); the University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (H.N.); Internal Medical 3, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi (T.Q.V.); the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and the Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital - both in Florence, Italy (L.A.); Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.W.); the Volga District Medical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (V.A.); Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo (A.G.K.); the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea (T-H.K.); Medical Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (C.S.); the Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-H.C.); the Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany (F.R.); Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.Ö.); BC Cancer-Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada (B.J.E.); Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Misericordiae, and the School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, University of Queensland - both in Brisbane, Australia (N.O.); the Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (T.B.); the Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - both in Israel (M.G.); the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City (Y.Z.); AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (S.H.); and the Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.S.H.).

Florian Roghmann (F)

From Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Biomedical Research Centre, London (T.P.), the Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield (J.W.F.C.), and AstraZeneca, Cambridge (J.A.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.D.G.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (H.A.-A.), and AstraZeneca (A.G.) - all in New York; the Departments of Urology and Biochemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (J.J.M.); the University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (H.N.); Internal Medical 3, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi (T.Q.V.); the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and the Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital - both in Florence, Italy (L.A.); Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.W.); the Volga District Medical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (V.A.); Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo (A.G.K.); the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea (T-H.K.); Medical Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (C.S.); the Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-H.C.); the Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany (F.R.); Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.Ö.); BC Cancer-Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada (B.J.E.); Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Misericordiae, and the School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, University of Queensland - both in Brisbane, Australia (N.O.); the Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (T.B.); the Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - both in Israel (M.G.); the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City (Y.Z.); AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (S.H.); and the Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.S.H.).

Mustafa Özgüroğlu (M)

From Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Biomedical Research Centre, London (T.P.), the Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield (J.W.F.C.), and AstraZeneca, Cambridge (J.A.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.D.G.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (H.A.-A.), and AstraZeneca (A.G.) - all in New York; the Departments of Urology and Biochemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (J.J.M.); the University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (H.N.); Internal Medical 3, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi (T.Q.V.); the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and the Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital - both in Florence, Italy (L.A.); Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.W.); the Volga District Medical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (V.A.); Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo (A.G.K.); the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea (T-H.K.); Medical Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (C.S.); the Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-H.C.); the Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany (F.R.); Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.Ö.); BC Cancer-Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada (B.J.E.); Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Misericordiae, and the School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, University of Queensland - both in Brisbane, Australia (N.O.); the Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (T.B.); the Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - both in Israel (M.G.); the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City (Y.Z.); AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (S.H.); and the Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.S.H.).

Bernhard J Eigl (BJ)

From Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Biomedical Research Centre, London (T.P.), the Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield (J.W.F.C.), and AstraZeneca, Cambridge (J.A.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.D.G.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (H.A.-A.), and AstraZeneca (A.G.) - all in New York; the Departments of Urology and Biochemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (J.J.M.); the University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (H.N.); Internal Medical 3, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi (T.Q.V.); the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and the Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital - both in Florence, Italy (L.A.); Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.W.); the Volga District Medical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (V.A.); Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo (A.G.K.); the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea (T-H.K.); Medical Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (C.S.); the Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-H.C.); the Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany (F.R.); Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.Ö.); BC Cancer-Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada (B.J.E.); Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Misericordiae, and the School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, University of Queensland - both in Brisbane, Australia (N.O.); the Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (T.B.); the Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - both in Israel (M.G.); the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City (Y.Z.); AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (S.H.); and the Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.S.H.).

Niara Oliveira (N)

From Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Biomedical Research Centre, London (T.P.), the Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield (J.W.F.C.), and AstraZeneca, Cambridge (J.A.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.D.G.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (H.A.-A.), and AstraZeneca (A.G.) - all in New York; the Departments of Urology and Biochemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (J.J.M.); the University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (H.N.); Internal Medical 3, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi (T.Q.V.); the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and the Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital - both in Florence, Italy (L.A.); Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.W.); the Volga District Medical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (V.A.); Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo (A.G.K.); the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea (T-H.K.); Medical Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (C.S.); the Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-H.C.); the Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany (F.R.); Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.Ö.); BC Cancer-Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada (B.J.E.); Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Misericordiae, and the School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, University of Queensland - both in Brisbane, Australia (N.O.); the Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (T.B.); the Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - both in Israel (M.G.); the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City (Y.Z.); AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (S.H.); and the Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.S.H.).

Tomas Buchler (T)

From Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Biomedical Research Centre, London (T.P.), the Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield (J.W.F.C.), and AstraZeneca, Cambridge (J.A.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.D.G.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (H.A.-A.), and AstraZeneca (A.G.) - all in New York; the Departments of Urology and Biochemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (J.J.M.); the University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (H.N.); Internal Medical 3, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi (T.Q.V.); the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and the Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital - both in Florence, Italy (L.A.); Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.W.); the Volga District Medical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (V.A.); Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo (A.G.K.); the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea (T-H.K.); Medical Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (C.S.); the Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-H.C.); the Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany (F.R.); Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.Ö.); BC Cancer-Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada (B.J.E.); Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Misericordiae, and the School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, University of Queensland - both in Brisbane, Australia (N.O.); the Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (T.B.); the Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - both in Israel (M.G.); the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City (Y.Z.); AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (S.H.); and the Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.S.H.).

Moran Gadot (M)

From Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Biomedical Research Centre, London (T.P.), the Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield (J.W.F.C.), and AstraZeneca, Cambridge (J.A.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.D.G.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (H.A.-A.), and AstraZeneca (A.G.) - all in New York; the Departments of Urology and Biochemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (J.J.M.); the University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (H.N.); Internal Medical 3, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi (T.Q.V.); the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and the Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital - both in Florence, Italy (L.A.); Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.W.); the Volga District Medical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (V.A.); Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo (A.G.K.); the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea (T-H.K.); Medical Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (C.S.); the Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-H.C.); the Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany (F.R.); Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.Ö.); BC Cancer-Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada (B.J.E.); Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Misericordiae, and the School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, University of Queensland - both in Brisbane, Australia (N.O.); the Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (T.B.); the Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - both in Israel (M.G.); the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City (Y.Z.); AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (S.H.); and the Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.S.H.).

Yousef Zakharia (Y)

From Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Biomedical Research Centre, London (T.P.), the Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield (J.W.F.C.), and AstraZeneca, Cambridge (J.A.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.D.G.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (H.A.-A.), and AstraZeneca (A.G.) - all in New York; the Departments of Urology and Biochemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (J.J.M.); the University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (H.N.); Internal Medical 3, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi (T.Q.V.); the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and the Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital - both in Florence, Italy (L.A.); Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.W.); the Volga District Medical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (V.A.); Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo (A.G.K.); the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea (T-H.K.); Medical Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (C.S.); the Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-H.C.); the Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany (F.R.); Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.Ö.); BC Cancer-Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada (B.J.E.); Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Misericordiae, and the School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, University of Queensland - both in Brisbane, Australia (N.O.); the Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (T.B.); the Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - both in Israel (M.G.); the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City (Y.Z.); AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (S.H.); and the Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.S.H.).

Jon Armstrong (J)

From Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Biomedical Research Centre, London (T.P.), the Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield (J.W.F.C.), and AstraZeneca, Cambridge (J.A.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.D.G.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (H.A.-A.), and AstraZeneca (A.G.) - all in New York; the Departments of Urology and Biochemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (J.J.M.); the University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (H.N.); Internal Medical 3, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi (T.Q.V.); the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and the Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital - both in Florence, Italy (L.A.); Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.W.); the Volga District Medical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (V.A.); Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo (A.G.K.); the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea (T-H.K.); Medical Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (C.S.); the Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-H.C.); the Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany (F.R.); Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.Ö.); BC Cancer-Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada (B.J.E.); Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Misericordiae, and the School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, University of Queensland - both in Brisbane, Australia (N.O.); the Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (T.B.); the Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - both in Israel (M.G.); the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City (Y.Z.); AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (S.H.); and the Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.S.H.).

Ashok Gupta (A)

From Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Biomedical Research Centre, London (T.P.), the Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield (J.W.F.C.), and AstraZeneca, Cambridge (J.A.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.D.G.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (H.A.-A.), and AstraZeneca (A.G.) - all in New York; the Departments of Urology and Biochemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (J.J.M.); the University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (H.N.); Internal Medical 3, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi (T.Q.V.); the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and the Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital - both in Florence, Italy (L.A.); Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.W.); the Volga District Medical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (V.A.); Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo (A.G.K.); the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea (T-H.K.); Medical Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (C.S.); the Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-H.C.); the Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany (F.R.); Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.Ö.); BC Cancer-Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada (B.J.E.); Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Misericordiae, and the School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, University of Queensland - both in Brisbane, Australia (N.O.); the Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (T.B.); the Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - both in Israel (M.G.); the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City (Y.Z.); AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (S.H.); and the Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.S.H.).

Stephan Hois (S)

From Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Biomedical Research Centre, London (T.P.), the Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield (J.W.F.C.), and AstraZeneca, Cambridge (J.A.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.D.G.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (H.A.-A.), and AstraZeneca (A.G.) - all in New York; the Departments of Urology and Biochemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (J.J.M.); the University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (H.N.); Internal Medical 3, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi (T.Q.V.); the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and the Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital - both in Florence, Italy (L.A.); Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.W.); the Volga District Medical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (V.A.); Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo (A.G.K.); the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea (T-H.K.); Medical Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (C.S.); the Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-H.C.); the Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany (F.R.); Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.Ö.); BC Cancer-Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada (B.J.E.); Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Misericordiae, and the School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, University of Queensland - both in Brisbane, Australia (N.O.); the Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (T.B.); the Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - both in Israel (M.G.); the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City (Y.Z.); AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (S.H.); and the Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.S.H.).

Michiel S van der Heijden (MS)

From Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Barts Health NHS Trust Biomedical Research Centre, London (T.P.), the Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield (J.W.F.C.), and AstraZeneca, Cambridge (J.A.) - all in the United Kingdom; the Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (M.D.G.), the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (H.A.-A.), and AstraZeneca (A.G.) - all in New York; the Departments of Urology and Biochemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago (J.J.M.); the University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan (H.N.); Internal Medical 3, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi (T.Q.V.); the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and the Medical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital - both in Florence, Italy (L.A.); Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland (P.W.); the Volga District Medical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia (V.A.); Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, Sao Paulo (A.G.K.); the Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea (T-H.K.); Medical Oncology, Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Vall d´Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona (C.S.); the Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-H.C.); the Department of Urology, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr University Bochum, Herne, Germany (F.R.); Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (M.Ö.); BC Cancer-Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada (B.J.E.); Mater Hospital Brisbane, Mater Misericordiae, and the School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Clinical Unit, University of Queensland - both in Brisbane, Australia (N.O.); the Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (T.B.); the Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv - both in Israel (M.G.); the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City (Y.Z.); AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD (S.H.); and the Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.S.H.).

Classifications MeSH