A severe head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis) infestation: Timeline, pathogen detection, kdr-gene screening and morphological anomalies of lice.
Acinetobacter sp
anaemia
human lice
pediculosis
time of colonisation
Journal
Medical and veterinary entomology
ISSN: 1365-2915
Titre abrégé: Med Vet Entomol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 8708682
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
18 Sep 2024
18 Sep 2024
Historique:
received:
22
03
2024
accepted:
27
08
2024
medline:
19
9
2024
pubmed:
19
9
2024
entrez:
18
9
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
Lice are assuming an increasing importance in forensic investigations, given their capacity to provide information about an individual's care. Head louse pediculosis is a frequent condition in school-age children and can be properly controlled using topical treatments combined with good personal hygiene. Prolonged and chronic infestations may result in more serious outcomes including severe iron deficiency anaemia. We conducted entomological and laboratory investigations of a head louse infestation in a 12-year-old girl who experienced severe anaemia and subsequent death. Numerous lice were found postmortem on the head, face and neck of the patient, as well as on bedding and clothing. Analysis of nits on individual hairs determined that the louse infestation had been present for at least 166 days. The lice had some morphological traits characteristic of body lice: the third antennal segment in some specimens was distinctly longer than wide, and the apices of some paratergal plates did not extend into intersegmental membranes, while other morphological features were characteristic of head or body lice. All lice were heterozygous for the T917I kdr genotype, a marker of permethrin resistance. Nineteen (79.2%, 95%CI 59.5%-90.8%) louse DNA samples tested TaqMan positive for Acinetobacter (Moraxellales; Moraxellaceae) sp. Available information and laboratory findings are further discussed regarding their possible contribution to the negative outcome of this case. We stress the impact head louse pediculosis can have on children with limited parental attention, and how severe head louse infestation may serve as warning sign of neglect, and other high-risk situations. Педикулез приобретаeт все большее значение в судебно‐криминалистических расследованиях, поскольку наличие вшей позволяет судить об уровне личной гигиены человека. Дети школьного возраста наиболее часто страдают от головного педикулеза. Известно, что при сочетанном применении педикулицидов при обработке волос и соблюдении правил личной гигиены возможно полная санация от вшей. Долготекущий педикулез может привести к серьезным осложнениям, включая тяжелую форму железодефицитной анемии. В данной работе мы провели энтомологические и лабораторные исследования головных вшей снятых с 12‐летней девочки, у которой на фоне запущенного педикулеза развилась тяжелая анемия, приведшая к смертельному исходу. Многочисленные вши были обнаружены на голове, лице и шее ребенка при осмотре тела в первые часы после смерти, а также на постельном белье и одежде. Анализ расположения гнид на волосax установил, что заражение вшами произошло как минимум 166 дней назад. Некоторые морфологические признаки вшей были более характерны для платяных вшей: третий членик антенн у некоторых экземпляров был существенно длиннее ширины, верхушки некоторых паратегральных пластинок не достигали межсегментарных перепонок, тогда как остальные морфологические признаки были типичными для головных и платяных вшей. Все вши были гетерозиготами по Т917I kdr‐генотипу, котороый является маркером резистентности к перметрину. Девятнадцать образцов ДНК вшей (79.2%, 95% доверительный интервал 59.5%–90.8%) дали положительный TaqMan результат на Acinetobacter (Moraxellales, Moraxellaceae) sp. Данные анамнеза и результаты лабораторых исследований указывают на несколько факторов, которые могли привести к печальным последствиям в данном случае. В заключении, головной педикулез у детей с недостаточным родительским вниманием может привести к тяжелым последствиям и служить признаком неблагоприятных бытовых условий, пренебрежения личной гигиеной, отсутствия родительскoгo контроля, и других ситуаций связанных с риском для здоровья и жизни ребенка.
Autres résumés
Type: Publisher
(rus)
Педикулез приобретаeт все большее значение в судебно‐криминалистических расследованиях, поскольку наличие вшей позволяет судить об уровне личной гигиены человека. Дети школьного возраста наиболее часто страдают от головного педикулеза. Известно, что при сочетанном применении педикулицидов при обработке волос и соблюдении правил личной гигиены возможно полная санация от вшей. Долготекущий педикулез может привести к серьезным осложнениям, включая тяжелую форму железодефицитной анемии. В данной работе мы провели энтомологические и лабораторные исследования головных вшей снятых с 12‐летней девочки, у которой на фоне запущенного педикулеза развилась тяжелая анемия, приведшая к смертельному исходу. Многочисленные вши были обнаружены на голове, лице и шее ребенка при осмотре тела в первые часы после смерти, а также на постельном белье и одежде. Анализ расположения гнид на волосax установил, что заражение вшами произошло как минимум 166 дней назад. Некоторые морфологические признаки вшей были более характерны для платяных вшей: третий членик антенн у некоторых экземпляров был существенно длиннее ширины, верхушки некоторых паратегральных пластинок не достигали межсегментарных перепонок, тогда как остальные морфологические признаки были типичными для головных и платяных вшей. Все вши были гетерозиготами по Т917I kdr‐генотипу, котороый является маркером резистентности к перметрину. Девятнадцать образцов ДНК вшей (79.2%, 95% доверительный интервал 59.5%–90.8%) дали положительный TaqMan результат на Acinetobacter (Moraxellales, Moraxellaceae) sp. Данные анамнеза и результаты лабораторых исследований указывают на несколько факторов, которые могли привести к печальным последствиям в данном случае. В заключении, головной педикулез у детей с недостаточным родительским вниманием может привести к тяжелым последствиям и служить признаком неблагоприятных бытовых условий, пренебрежения личной гигиеной, отсутствия родительскoгo контроля, и других ситуаций связанных с риском для здоровья и жизни ребенка.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Informations de copyright
© 2024 Royal Entomological Society.
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