Squeezing the quantum noise of a gravitational-wave detector below the standard quantum limit.

Journal

Science (New York, N.Y.)
ISSN: 1095-9203
Titre abrégé: Science
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0404511

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
20 Sep 2024
Historique:
medline: 20 9 2024
pubmed: 20 9 2024
entrez: 19 9 2024
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

The Heisenberg uncertainty principle dictates that the position and momentum of an object cannot be simultaneously measured with arbitrary precision, giving rise to an apparent limitation known as the standard quantum limit (SQL). Gravitational-wave detectors use photons to continuously measure the positions of freely falling mirrors and so are affected by the SQL. We investigated the performance of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) after the experimental realization of frequency-dependent squeezing designed to surpass the SQL. For the LIGO Livingston detector, we found that the upgrade reduces quantum noise below the SQL by a maximum of three decibels between 35 and 75 hertz while achieving a broadband sensitivity improvement, increasing the overall detector sensitivity during astrophysical observations.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1126/science.ado8069 PMID: 39298573
pubmed: 39298573
doi: 10.1126/science.ado8069
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

1318-1321

Commentaires et corrections

Type : CommentIn

Auteurs

Wenxuan Jia (W)

Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Victoria Xu (V)

Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Kevin Kuns (K)

Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Masayuki Nakano (M)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.

Lisa Barsotti (L)

Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Matthew Evans (M)

Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Nergis Mavalvala (N)

Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

R Abbott (R)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0003-1106-1178

I Abouelfettouh (I)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

R X Adhikari (RX)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

A Ananyeva (A)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

S Appert (S)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

K Arai (K)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0001-8916-8915

N Aritomi (N)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0003-4424-7657

S M Aston (SM)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-3909-6922

M Ball (M)

University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.

S W Ballmer (SW)

Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0003-2306-523X

D Barker (D)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

B K Berger (BK)

Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-4845-8737

J Betzwieser (J)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0003-1533-9229

D Bhattacharjee (D)

Kenyon College, Gambier, OH 43022, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0001-6623-9506

G Billingsley (G)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-4141-2744

N Bode (N)

Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
Leibniz Universität Hannover, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
ORCID: 0000-0002-7101-9396

E Bonilla (E)

Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-6284-9769

V Bossilkov (V)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.

A Branch (A)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.
ORCID: 0009-0007-6024-9093

A F Brooks (AF)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0003-4295-792X

D D Brown (DD)

Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.

J Bryant (J)

University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
ORCID: 0000-0002-7243-3230

C Cahillane (C)

Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-3888-314X

H Cao (H)

University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.

E Capote (E)

Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.
ORCID: 0009-0007-0246-713X

Y Chen (Y)

Theoretical Astrophysics Including Relativity and Cosmology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

F Clara (F)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

J Collins (J)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.

C M Compton (CM)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-8217-5749

R Cottingham (R)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.

D C Coyne (DC)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-6427-3222

R Crouch (R)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

J Csizmazia (J)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

T J Cullen (TJ)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
ORCID: 0009-0002-4015-9094

L P Dartez (LP)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-2216-0465

N Demos (N)

Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-3364-7893

E Dohmen (E)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

J C Driggers (JC)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-6134-7628

S E Dwyer (SE)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

A Effler (A)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0001-8242-3944

A Ejlli (A)

Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK.

T Etzel (T)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

J Feicht (J)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0001-5223-7091

R Frey (R)

University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.

W Frischhertz (W)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.

P Fritschel (P)

Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0003-1983-3187

V V Frolov (VV)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.

P Fulda (P)

University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0003-2564-2045

M Fyffe (M)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.

D Ganapathy (D)

Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

B Gateley (B)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

J A Giaime (JA)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.
Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-3531-817X

K D Giardina (KD)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.
ORCID: 0009-0006-8732-2302

J Glanzer (J)

Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
ORCID: 0009-0000-0808-0795

E Goetz (E)

University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
ORCID: 0000-0003-2666-721X

A W Goodwin-Jones (AW)

Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
ORCID: 0000-0002-0395-0680

S Gras (S)

Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

C Gray (C)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

D Griffith (D)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

H Grote (H)

Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK.

T Guidry (T)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

E D Hall (ED)

Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

J Hanks (J)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

J Hanson (J)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.

M C Heintze (MC)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.

A F Helmling-Cornell (AF)

University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-7709-8638

H Y Huang (HY)

National Central University, Taoyuan City 320317, Taiwan.
ORCID: 0000-0002-1665-2383

Y Inoue (Y)

National Central University, Taoyuan City 320317, Taiwan.

A L James (AL)

Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK.

A Jennings (A)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

S Karat (S)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

M Kasprzack (M)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0003-4618-5939

K Kawabe (K)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0001-5205-9109

N Kijbunchoo (N)

Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia.
ORCID: 0000-0002-2874-1228

J S Kissel (JS)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-1702-9577

A Kontos (A)

Bard College, Annandale-On-Hudson, NY 12504, USA.

R Kumar (R)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

M Landry (M)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

B Lantz (B)

Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-7404-4845

M Laxen (M)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0001-7515-9639

K Lee (K)

Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 03063, Republic of Korea.
ORCID: 0000-0003-0470-3718

M Lesovsky (M)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

F Llamas (F)

The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA.
ORCID: 0009-0008-4146-000X

M Lormand (M)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.

H A Loughlin (HA)

Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-1160-8711

R Macas (R)

University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, UK.

M MacInnis (M)

Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0001-8733-9207

C N Makarem (CN)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

B Mannix (B)

University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.

G L Mansell (GL)

Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.

R M Martin (RM)

Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0001-9664-2216

N Maxwell (N)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
ORCID: 0009-0006-5292-168X

G McCarrol (G)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.

R McCarthy (R)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

D E McClelland (DE)

Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia.
ORCID: 0000-0001-6210-5842

S McCormick (S)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.

L McCuller (L)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0003-0851-0593

T McRae (T)

Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia.

F Mera (F)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

E L Merilh (EL)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.

F Meylahn (F)

Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
Leibniz Universität Hannover, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
ORCID: 0000-0002-9556-142X

R Mittleman (R)

Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

D Moraru (D)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

G Moreno (G)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

M Mould (M)

Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

A Mullavey (A)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-8123-7338

T J N Nelson (TJN)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.

A Neunzert (A)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

J Oberling (J)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
ORCID: 0009-0001-4174-3973

T O'Hanlon (T)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.

C Osthelder (C)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

D J Ottaway (DJ)

Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.
ORCID: 0000-0001-6794-1591

H Overmier (H)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.

W Parker (W)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-7711-4423

A Pele (A)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-1873-3769

H Pham (H)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.

M Pirello (M)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-2857-4642

V Quetschke (V)

The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-8012-4868

K E Ramirez (KE)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0003-2194-7669

J Reyes (J)

Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA.

J W Richardson (JW)

University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-1472-4806

M Robinson (M)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

J G Rollins (JG)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-9388-2799

J H Romie (JH)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.

M P Ross (MP)

University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-8955-5269

T Sadecki (T)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

A Sanchez (A)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

E J Sanchez (EJ)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

L E Sanchez (LE)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

R L Savage (RL)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0003-3317-1036

D Schaetzl (D)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

M G Schiworski (MG)

Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.

R Schnabel (R)

Universität Hamburg, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany.
ORCID: 0000-0003-2896-4218

R M S Schofield (RMS)

University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.

E Schwartz (E)

Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK.
ORCID: 0000-0001-8922-7794

D Sellers (D)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.

T Shaffer (T)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

R W Short (RW)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

D Sigg (D)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0003-4606-6526

B J J Slagmolen (BJJ)

Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia.

S Soni (S)

Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

L Sun (L)

Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia.
ORCID: 0000-0001-7959-892X

D B Tanner (DB)

University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.

M Thomas (M)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.

P Thomas (P)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

K A Thorne (KA)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0001-7948-9619

C I Torrie (CI)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

G Traylor (G)

LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.

G Vajente (G)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-7656-6882

J Vanosky (J)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

A Vecchio (A)

University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
ORCID: 0000-0002-6254-1617

P J Veitch (PJ)

Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.
ORCID: 0000-0002-2597-435X

A M Vibhute (AM)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

E R G von Reis (ERG)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

J Warner (J)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

B Weaver (B)

LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-2242-0327

R Weiss (R)

Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

C Whittle (C)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

B Willke (B)

Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
Leibniz Universität Hannover, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
ORCID: 0000-0003-0524-2925

C C Wipf (CC)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

H Yamamoto (H)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0001-6919-9570

H Yu (H)

Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Faculty of Physics and Research Network Quantum Aspects of Space Time, University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria.

L Zhang (L)

LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-0898-787X

M E Zucker (ME)

Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
ORCID: 0000-0002-2544-1596

Classifications MeSH