Discontinuation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy and Treatment Free Remission (TFR) in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Successful Achievement of TFR in More Than Two-Third of Patients in a Real-World Practice.

Chronic myeloid leukemia Discontinuation Therapy Treatment free remission Tyrosine kinase inhibitor

Journal

Clinical lymphoma, myeloma & leukemia
ISSN: 2152-2669
Titre abrégé: Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101525386

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
24 Aug 2024
Historique:
received: 06 07 2024
revised: 13 08 2024
accepted: 14 08 2024
medline: 20 9 2024
pubmed: 20 9 2024
entrez: 19 9 2024
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Discontinuation of TKI therapy and treatment-free remission (TFR) have become new goals for chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CP-CML). The aim of this study was to estimate the TFR post discontinuation of TKI therapy at 3 tertiary-care centers. CP-CML patients aged ≥16 years who had an attempt to discontinue TKI therapy till June 2022, were eligible. The collected data included patients' demographics, prognostic score, type and duration of TKI therapy, response dates, relapse dates, response to re-initiation of TKI therapy, and risk factors for relapse. Fifty-five patients (35, 63.6% females) with a median age of 40 (range 16-74) years at diagnosis discontinued therapy. Forty-eight (87.3%) patients received imatinib as first line therapy. Twenty-nine (52.7%) patients were receiving imatinib at the time of TKI-discontinuation. Median time from diagnosis to TKI discontinuation was 86 months (IQR 60;132) and median duration of TKI therapy after achieving DMR was 66 months (IQR 47;114). After a median follow up of 34 (IQR 12;68) months, 15 (27.3%) patients relapsed. Median time to relapse was 5 months (range 2-38). Most of the relapses occurred during the first 6 months except 3 (20%) patients. All the relapsed patients achieved MMR after a median of 3 (range 2-6) months after restarting TKI therapy. None of the patients progressed to advanced-phase. Our experience confirms that discontinuation of TKI therapy in CP-CML patients is feasible and safe in routine clinical practice, and can achieve TFR in more than two-third of carefully selected patients.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Discontinuation of TKI therapy and treatment-free remission (TFR) have become new goals for chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CP-CML). The aim of this study was to estimate the TFR post discontinuation of TKI therapy at 3 tertiary-care centers.
PATIENTS AND METHODS METHODS
CP-CML patients aged ≥16 years who had an attempt to discontinue TKI therapy till June 2022, were eligible. The collected data included patients' demographics, prognostic score, type and duration of TKI therapy, response dates, relapse dates, response to re-initiation of TKI therapy, and risk factors for relapse.
RESULTS RESULTS
Fifty-five patients (35, 63.6% females) with a median age of 40 (range 16-74) years at diagnosis discontinued therapy. Forty-eight (87.3%) patients received imatinib as first line therapy. Twenty-nine (52.7%) patients were receiving imatinib at the time of TKI-discontinuation. Median time from diagnosis to TKI discontinuation was 86 months (IQR 60;132) and median duration of TKI therapy after achieving DMR was 66 months (IQR 47;114). After a median follow up of 34 (IQR 12;68) months, 15 (27.3%) patients relapsed. Median time to relapse was 5 months (range 2-38). Most of the relapses occurred during the first 6 months except 3 (20%) patients. All the relapsed patients achieved MMR after a median of 3 (range 2-6) months after restarting TKI therapy. None of the patients progressed to advanced-phase.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
Our experience confirms that discontinuation of TKI therapy in CP-CML patients is feasible and safe in routine clinical practice, and can achieve TFR in more than two-third of carefully selected patients.

Identifiants

pubmed: 39299826
pii: S2152-2650(24)00310-0
doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2024.08.006
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Disclosure The authors declare they have no competing financial interest related to this paper.

Auteurs

Aamer Aleem (A)

Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: ameralem@ksu.edu.sa.

Naila A Shaheen (NA)

King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of the National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation.

Farjah Algahtani (F)

Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Ahmed Jamal (A)

Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Nora Alkhudair (N)

College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Mashail Alghafis (M)

Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Zafar Iqbal (Z)

King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.

Hajar Wan Zuki Siti (HWZ)

King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of the National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Abin Thomas (A)

King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Center for Trials Research, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.

Bader Alahmari (B)

King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of the National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation.

Hind Salama (H)

King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of the National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation.

Giamal Gmati (G)

King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of the National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation; Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Broomfield Hospital, Chelmsford, United Kingdom.

Mohsen Alzahrani (M)

King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of the National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation.

Ayman Alhejazi (A)

King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of the National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation.

Mansour Alfayez (M)

Adult Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Department, Comprehensive Cancer Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Oncology Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Abdullah Alrajhi (A)

Clinical Pharmacy Department, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Al Faisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabi.

Mohammed A Marei (MA)

Adult Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Department, Comprehensive Cancer Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Ahmed Alaskar (A)

King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of the National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation; College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.

Classifications MeSH