Factors Affecting the Duration of Hospitalization in Urology and Nephrology Patients in the Intensive Care Unit.

Introduction Prolonged stays in the intensive care unit (ICU) are known to increase the risk of adverse outcomes following severe conditions. This study focuses on the factors affecting ICU length of stay, particularly in Urology and Nephrology patients who require intensive monitoring and specialized care, and their impact on patient outcomes. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample size of 45 patients. Data was collected using a validated closed-ended questionnaire and analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 23.0 (Released 2015; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). Results The study found positive associations between prolonged ICU stay and several factors, including elevated total bilirubin levels, deranged creatinine, urea, sodium, and calcium levels, as well as abnormal C-reactive protein levels. Higher bilirubin levels and positive blood and culture results were linked to extended ICU stays. Additionally, the use of contrast CT and MRI was associated with longer ICU durations. Conversely, broad-spectrum antibiotics showed a negative association with ICU stay length, while transfusion of blood products was positively associated with longer stays. Conclusion Understanding these factors can help improve the management of ICU patients and enhance outcomes in future cases.

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Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Begum Akhtar Rukhsana Memorial Trust Safari Hospital Ethics Committee, Rawalpindi, Pakistan issued approval BIHS/Adm/CME/24/12. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.