The impact of the early COVID-19 pandemic on maternal mental health during pregnancy and postpartum.
Humans
Female
COVID-19
/ psychology
Pregnancy
Adult
Mental Health
Postpartum Period
/ psychology
Anxiety
/ epidemiology
Pandemics
Depression, Postpartum
/ epidemiology
SARS-CoV-2
/ isolation & purification
Surveys and Questionnaires
Depression
/ epidemiology
Mother-Child Relations
/ psychology
Maternal Health
Cohort Studies
Young Adult
Journal
PloS one
ISSN: 1932-6203
Titre abrégé: PLoS One
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101285081
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2024
2024
Historique:
received:
05
02
2024
accepted:
06
09
2024
medline:
20
9
2024
pubmed:
20
9
2024
entrez:
20
9
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal mental health during pregnancy and the postpartum period. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic situation during and post pregnancy was addressed on three main factors; maternal mental health, mother-child bonding, and maternal self-confidence. To do this, two different patient cohorts were compared; data from one cohort was collected pre-pandemic, and data was collected from the other cohort at the beginning of the pandemic. Questionnaires were used to collect data regarding depressive symptoms (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale [EPDS]), anxiety (State Trait Anxiety Inventory [STAI]), maternal self-confidence (Lips Maternal Self-Confidence Scale [LMSCS]) and mother-child bonding (Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire [PBQ]). There were no significant differences in depressive symptoms (EPDS with an average median of 4.00-5.00) or anxiety (STAI with an average median of 29.00-33.00) between the cohorts. However, the quality of postpartum maternal bonding was higher at 3-6 months in the pandemic cohort, which was also influenced by education and the mode and number of births. The maternal self-confidence was lower in the pandemic sample, also depending on the mode of birth delivery. In this study, a differential effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on mother-child bonding and maternal self-confidence was observed. The results thereby identified possible protective factors of the pandemic, which could potentially be implemented to improve maternal mental health and bonding to the child under normal circumstances.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39302940
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310902
pii: PONE-D-24-04080
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e0310902Informations de copyright
Copyright: © 2024 Bartmann et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.