SYNTHESIS OF N-SULFOPROPYLATED HYPERBRANCHED POLYETHYLENEIMINE WITH ENHANCED BIOCOMPATIBILITY AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY.

Hyperbranched polyethyleneimine having 25,000Da molecular weight was functionalized by a simple sulfopropylation reaction, affording a novel N-sulfopropylated PEI derivative (PEI-SO3-). The successful introduction of N-sulfopropyl and sulfobetaine groups to the amino groups of PEI was spectroscopically confirmed. Furthermore, the antibacterial and anti-cyanobacterial activity of PEI-SO3- in comparison to the parent PEI were investigated on two type heterotrophic bacteria, i.e., Gram (-) Escherichia coli and Gram (+) Staphylococcus Aureus bacteria, and one type of autotrophic cyanobacterium, i.e. Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942. Both PEI-SO3- and PEI showed an enhanced, concentration-dependent antibacterial and anti-cyanobacterial activity against the tested bacteria strains, with PEI-SO3- exhibiting higher activity than the parent PEI, signifying that the introduction of the sulfopropyl and sulfobetaine groups to the PEI amino groups enhanced the antibacterial anti-cyanobacterial properties of PEI. In the case of cyanobacteria, PEI-SO3- was found to affect the integrity of the photosynthetic system by the inhibition of Photosystem-II electron transport activity. Cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility studies revealed that PEI-SO3- exhibits high biocompatibility, suggesting that PEI-SO3- could be considered as an attractive antibacterial and anti-cyanobacterial candidate for various applications in the disinfection industry and also against the harmful cyanobacterial blooms.

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