Non-invasive methods characterise the world's largest tiger shark aggregation in Fuvahmulah, Maldives.
Gestation
LIR
Marine megafauna
Maximum-likelihood models
Photo ID
Site fidelity
Journal
Scientific reports
ISSN: 2045-2322
Titre abrégé: Sci Rep
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101563288
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
23 Sep 2024
23 Sep 2024
Historique:
received:
08
04
2024
accepted:
13
09
2024
medline:
24
9
2024
pubmed:
24
9
2024
entrez:
23
9
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Tiger sharks are apex predators with a circumglobal tropical and warm-temperate distribution, with a general lack of population data for the central Indian Ocean. In Fuvahmulah, Maldives, tiger sharks display frequent use of the harbour area, attracted by discarded fish waste. Here, we document the population structure, residency, and reproductive characteristics of the world's largest known tiger shark aggregation in a geographically-restricted area. Using non-invasive methods, photo identification and laser photogrammetry, we identified 239 individual tiger sharks over a 7-year study period. The aggregation was female-dominated (84.5%), with both large juveniles and adults present. Adult females were resighted over the entire study period displaying strong inter- and intra-annual site fidelity. Modelled residency using maximum likelihood methods suggests they spent 60.7 ± S.E. 7.5 days in Fuvahmulah, with a larger aggregation size, shorter residence periods and longer absence periods compared to juvenile females. Prolonged abdominal distensions of adult females indicate they likely stay near Fuvahmulah during gestation and reproduce biennially. Fuvahmulah seems to provide suitable conditions for gestation given the year-round provision of food and warm waters, exhibited by strong site fidelity and temporal residency. Our results show indications of a thriving population within the confines of protected waters.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39313535
doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-73079-3
pii: 10.1038/s41598-024-73079-3
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
21998Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
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