Sex differences in human pre-gastrulation embryos.
epiblast
human embryo
primitive endoderm
sex difference
trophectoderm
Journal
Science China. Life sciences
ISSN: 1869-1889
Titre abrégé: Sci China Life Sci
Pays: China
ID NLM: 101529880
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
24 Sep 2024
24 Sep 2024
Historique:
received:
15
07
2024
accepted:
02
09
2024
medline:
27
9
2024
pubmed:
27
9
2024
entrez:
26
9
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
Human fetuses exhibit notable sex differences in growth rate and response to the intrauterine environment, yet their origins and underlying mechanisms remain uncertain. Here, we conduct a detailed investigation of sex differences in human pre-gastrulation embryos. The lower methylation and incomplete inactivation of the X chromosome in females, as well as the sex-specific cell-cell communication patterns, contribute to sex-differential transcription. Male trophectoderm is more inclined toward syncytiotrophoblast differentiation and exhibits a stronger hormone secretion capacity, while female trophectoderm tends to retain cytotrophoblast program with stronger mitochondrial function as well as higher vasculogenesis and immunotolerance signals. Male primitive endoderm initiates the anterior visceral endoderm transcriptional program earlier than females. The cell cycle activities of the epiblast and primitive endoderm are higher in males compared to females, while the situation is opposite in the trophectoderm. In conclusion, our study provides in-depth insights into the sex differences in human pre-gastrulation embryos and contributes to unraveling the origins of the sex differences in human fetal development.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39327393
doi: 10.1007/s11427-024-2721-y
pii: 10.1007/s11427-024-2721-y
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Informations de copyright
© 2024. Science China Press.
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