Identification of Osteosarcopenia by High-Resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography.

Osteosarcopenia is a prevalent geriatric disease with a significantly increased risk of adverse outcomes than osteoporosis or sarcopenia alone. Identification of older adults with osteosarcopenia using High-Resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (HR-pQCT) could allow better clinical decision making. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of HR-pQCT to differentiate osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and osteosarcopenia in older adults, with a primary outcome to derive a model to distinguish older adults with osteosarcopenia from those with low bone mineral density only, and to examine important HR-pQCT parameters associated with osteosarcopenia. This was a cross-sectional study involving 628 community-dwelling Chinese adults aged ≥ 40. Subjects were assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for osteopenia/osteoporosis and sarcopenia using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia definition; then grouped into healthy, osteopenia/osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and osteosarcopenia groups. A series of regression analyses and other statistical tests were performed to derive the model. HR-pQCT showed the ability to discriminate older adults with osteosarcopenia from those with osteopenia/osteoporosis only. Cross-validation of our derived model correctly classified 77.0% of the cases with good diagnostic power and showed a sensitivity of 76.0% and specificity of 77.6% (Youden index = 0.54; AUC = 0.79,