Reliability of the Assessment of Tooth Wear Severity on Dental Hard Tissues and Dental Restorations, Using the TWES 2.0, by Nonexperts.
DC‐TW
clinical assessment tools
diagnostic criteria
reliability
tooth wear
tooth wear evaluation system
Journal
Journal of oral rehabilitation
ISSN: 1365-2842
Titre abrégé: J Oral Rehabil
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0433604
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
27 Sep 2024
27 Sep 2024
Historique:
revised:
29
08
2024
received:
26
04
2024
accepted:
03
09
2024
medline:
28
9
2024
pubmed:
28
9
2024
entrez:
28
9
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
Tooth wear is a multifactorial process resulting in the loss of dental hard tissues. For its assessment, the tooth wear evaluation system (TWES) 2.0 has been published. Previous studies on the TWES involved well-trained practitioners, rather than nonexperts. The first aim of this study was to investigate the reliability of the assessment of tooth wear severity on dental hard tissues, using the TWES 2.0, by nonexperts. The second aim was to investigate the reliability of assessment of wear severity on dental restorations, using a third scale. Forty-seven dental students evaluated at least 9 of 14 possible patient cases on dental casts and intraoral photographs. Cohen's kappa (agreement with sample solution) and Fleiss' kappa (Inter-rater reliability) were calculated. The agreements of the operators' ratings compared to the sample-solution resulted in Cohen's kappa between 0.02 and 0.9. The agreements were 0.34 for occlusal; 0.43 for vestibular; 0.57 for oral surfaces. Inter-rater reliability (Fleiss' kappa) was 0.35 for occlusal, 0.17 for vestibular and 0.24 for oral assessment. The inter-rater reliability of the ratings on tooth surfaces with restorations was lower with 0.21 (occlusal), 0.14 (vestibular) and 0.39 (oral). The agreement on different restorations differed tremendously. The ability to correctly assess the cases varied considerably between individual examiners. Within the limits of this study, assessment of restorations was slightly more challenging compared to natural teeth, particularly in occlusal regions or when the restorative material is gold. Subsequent studies should address whether enhanced training and improved definition of tooth wear grades result in higher reliability scores.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Tooth wear is a multifactorial process resulting in the loss of dental hard tissues. For its assessment, the tooth wear evaluation system (TWES) 2.0 has been published. Previous studies on the TWES involved well-trained practitioners, rather than nonexperts.
OBJECTIVE
OBJECTIVE
The first aim of this study was to investigate the reliability of the assessment of tooth wear severity on dental hard tissues, using the TWES 2.0, by nonexperts. The second aim was to investigate the reliability of assessment of wear severity on dental restorations, using a third scale.
METHODS
METHODS
Forty-seven dental students evaluated at least 9 of 14 possible patient cases on dental casts and intraoral photographs. Cohen's kappa (agreement with sample solution) and Fleiss' kappa (Inter-rater reliability) were calculated.
RESULTS
RESULTS
The agreements of the operators' ratings compared to the sample-solution resulted in Cohen's kappa between 0.02 and 0.9. The agreements were 0.34 for occlusal; 0.43 for vestibular; 0.57 for oral surfaces. Inter-rater reliability (Fleiss' kappa) was 0.35 for occlusal, 0.17 for vestibular and 0.24 for oral assessment. The inter-rater reliability of the ratings on tooth surfaces with restorations was lower with 0.21 (occlusal), 0.14 (vestibular) and 0.39 (oral). The agreement on different restorations differed tremendously.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
The ability to correctly assess the cases varied considerably between individual examiners. Within the limits of this study, assessment of restorations was slightly more challenging compared to natural teeth, particularly in occlusal regions or when the restorative material is gold. Subsequent studies should address whether enhanced training and improved definition of tooth wear grades result in higher reliability scores.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Informations de copyright
© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Oral Rehabilitation published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Références
R. P. Shellis and M. Addy, “The Interactions Between Attrition, Abrasion and Erosion in Tooth Wear,” Monographs in Oral Science 25 (2014): 32–45.
P. Wetselaar and F. Lobbezoo, “The Tooth Wear Evaluation System: A Modular Clinical Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management Planning of Worn Dentitions,” Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 43, no. 1 (2016): 69–80.
C. Ganss and A. Lussi, “Diagnosis of Erosive Tooth Wear,” Monographs in Oral Science 25 (2014): 22–31.
M. M. Salas, G. G. Nascimento, M. C. Huysmans, and F. F. Demarco, “Estimated Prevalence of Erosive Tooth Wear in Permanent Teeth of Children and Adolescents: An Epidemiological Systematic Review and Meta‐Regression Analysis,” Journal of Dentistry 43, no. 1 (2015): 42–50.
H. El Aidi, E. M. Bronkhorst, M. C. Huysmans, and G. J. Truin, “Dynamics of Tooth Erosion in Adolescents: A 3‐Year Longitudinal Study,” Journal of Dentistry 38, no. 2 (2010): 131–137.
J. E. Frencken, P. Sharma, L. Stenhouse, D. Green, D. Laverty, and T. Dietrich, “Global Epidemiology of Dental Caries and Severe Periodontitis ‐ a Comprehensive Review,” Journal of Clinical Periodontology 44, no. Suppl 18 (2017): S94–s105.
P. Wetselaar, J. H. Vermaire, C. M. Visscher, F. Lobbezoo, and A. A. Schuller, “The Prevalence of Tooth Wear in the Dutch Adult Population,” Caries Research 50, no. 6 (2016): 543–550.
A. Lussi and T. S. Carvalho, “Erosive Tooth Wear: A Multifactorial Condition of Growing Concern and Increasing Knowledge,” Monographs in Oral Science 25 (2014): 1–15.
N. Schlueter and B. Luka, “Erosive Tooth Wear ‐ a Review on Global Prevalence and on Its Prevalence in Risk Groups,” British Dental Journal 224, no. 5 (2018): 364–370.
D. A. Seligman and A. G. Pullinger, “Dental Attrition Models Predicting Temporomandibular Joint Disease or Masticatory Muscle Pain Versus Asymptomatic Controls,” Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 33, no. 11 (2006): 789–799.
K. T. Yoshizaki, L. F. Francisconi‐Dos‐Rios, M. A. Sobral, A. C. Aranha, F. M. Mendes, and T. Scaramucci, “Clinical Features and Factors Associated With Non‐carious Cervical Lesions and Dentin Hypersensitivity,” Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 44, no. 2 (2017): 112–118.
P. Wetselaar, D. Manfredini, J. Ahlberg, et al., “Associations Between Tooth Wear and Dental Sleep Disorders: A Narrative Overview,” Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 46, no. 8 (2019): 765–775.
K. Sivasithamparam, W. G. Young, V. Jirattanasopa, et al., “Dental Erosion in Asthma: A Case‐Control Study From South East Queensland,” Australian Dental Journal 47, no. 4 (2002): 298–303.
S. Ranjitkar, J. A. Kaidonis, and R. J. Smales, “Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Tooth Erosion,” International Journal of Dentistry 2012 (2012): 479850.
A. Lussi, M. Schaffner, P. Hotz, and P. Suter, “Dental Erosion in a Population of Swiss Adults,” Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 19, no. 5 (1991): 286–290.
R. Moazzez and R. Austin, “Medical Conditions and Erosive Tooth Wear,” British Dental Journal 224, no. 5 (2018): 326–332.
L. A. Ehlen, T. A. Marshall, F. Qian, J. S. Wefel, and J. J. Warren, “Acidic Beverages Increase the Risk of in Vitro Tooth Erosion,” Nutrition Research 28, no. 5 (2008): 299–303.
B. Loomans, N. Opdam, T. Attin, et al., “Severe Tooth Wear: European Consensus Statement on Management Guidelines,” Journal of Adhesive Dentistry 19, no. 2 (2017): 111–119.
D. Bartlett, C. Ganss, and A. Lussi, “Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE): A New Scoring System for Scientific and Clinical Needs,” Clinical Oral Investigations 12, no. Suppl 1 (2008): S65–S68.
B. G. Smith and J. K. Knight, “An Index for Measuring the Wear of Teeth,” British Dental Journal 156, no. 12 (1984): 435–438.
O. Mockers, M. Aubry, and B. Mafart, “Dental Crowding in a Prehistoric Population,” European Journal of Orthodontics 26, no. 2 (2004): 151–156.
J. D. Eccles, “Dental Erosion of Nonindustrial Origin. A Clinical Survey and Classification,” Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 42, no. 6 (1979): 649–653.
A. Millward, L. Shaw, A. J. Smith, J. W. Rippin, and E. Harrington, “The Distribution and Severity of Tooth Wear and the Relationship Between Erosion and Dietary Constituents in a Group of Children,” International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 4, no. 3 (1994): 151–157.
A. Lussi, “Dental Erosion Clinical Diagnosis and Case History Taking,” European Journal of Oral Sciences 104, no. 2(Pt 2) (1996): 191–198.
E. O'sullivan, “A New Index for the Measurement of Erosion in Children,” European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 1, no. 2 (2000): 69–74.
V. Margaritis, E. Mamai‐Homata, H. Koletsi‐Kounari, and A. Polychronopoulou, “Evaluation of Three Different Scoring Systems for Dental Erosion: A Comparative Study in Adolescents,” Journal of Dentistry 39, no. 1 (2011): 88–93.
P. Wetselaar, A. Faris, and F. Lobbezoo, “A Plea for the Development of an Universally Accepted Modular Tooth Wear Evaluation System,” BMC Oral Health 16, no. 1 (2016): 115.
P. F. Bardsley, “The Evolution of Tooth Wear Indices,” Clinical Oral Investigations 12, no. Suppl 1 (2008): S15–S19.
P. Wetselaar, M. M. J. Wetselaar‐Glas, L. D. Katzer, and M. O. Ahlers, “Diagnosing Tooth Wear, a New Taxonomy Based on the Revised Version of the Tooth Wear Evaluation System (TWES 2.0),” Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 47, no. 6 (2020): 703–712.
D. Bartlett, “A Personal Perspective and Update on Erosive Tooth Wear ‐ 10 Years on: Part 1 ‐ Diagnosis and Prevention,” British Dental Journal 221, no. 3 (2016): 115–119.
D. A. Paesani, L. Guarda‐Nardini, C. Gelos, L. Salmaso, and D. Manfredini, “Reliability of Multiple‐Degree Incisal/Occlusal Tooth Wear Assessment on Dental Casts: Findings From a Fiveexaminer Investigation and Related Clinical Implications,” Quintessence International 45, no. 3 (2014): 259–264.
J. C. Roehl, L. Katzer, H. A. Jakstat, P. Wetselaar, and M. O. Ahlers, “Tooth Wear Evaluation System 2.0‐Evaluation of Diagnostic Reliability in the Assessment of Signs and Symptoms for Tooth Wear by Non‐experts,” Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 51, no. 4 (2024): 712–723.
P. Wetselaar, F. Lobbezoo, M. Koutris, C. M. Visscher, and M. Naeije, “Reliability of an Occlusal and Nonocclusal Tooth Wear Grading System: Clinical Use Versus Dental Cast Assessment,” International Journal of Prosthodontics 22, no. 4 (2009): 388–390.
G. M. Vervoorn‐Vis, P. Wetselaar, M. Koutris, et al., “Assessment of the Progression of Tooth Wear on Dental Casts,” Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 42, no. 8 (2015): 600–604.
P. Wetselaar, M. J. Wetselaar‐Glas, M. Koutris, C. M. Visscher, and F. Lobbezoo, “Assessment of the Amount of Tooth Wear on Dental Casts and Intra‐Oral Photographs,” Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 43, no. 8 (2016): 615–620.
A. Ekfeldt, “Incisal and Occlusal Tooth Wear and Wear of Some Prosthodontic Materials. An Epidemiological and Clinical Study,” Swedish Dental Journal. Supplement 65 (1989): 1–62.
B. L. Dahl, G. Oilo, A. Andersen, and O. Bruaset, “The Suitability of a New Index for the Evaluation of Dental Wear,” Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 47, no. 4 (1989): 205–210.
G. Oilo, B. L. Dahl, G. Hatle, and A. L. Gad, “An Index for Evaluating Wear of Teeth,” Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 45, no. 5 (1987): 361–365.
R. Hickel, S. Mesinger, N. Opdam, et al., “Revised FDI Criteria for Evaluating Direct and Indirect Dental Restorations‐Recommendations for Its Clinical Use, Interpretation, and Reporting,” Clinical Oral Investigations 27, no. 6 (2023): 2573–2592.
G. Ryge and M. Snyder, “Evaluating the Clinical Quality of Restorations,” Journal of the American Dental Association (1939) 87, no. 2 (1973): 369–377.
P. Wetselaar, F. Lobbezoo, R. de Vries, S. B. Mehta, N. J. M. Opdam, and B. A. C. Loomans, “Developing Diagnostic Criteria for Tooth Wear, a Preliminary Beta Version Based on Expert Opinion, and a Narrative Literature Review,” Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 50, no. 10 (2023): 1030–1042.
S. B. Mehta, E. M. Bronkhorst, L. Crins, M. C. D. N. J. Huysmans, P. Wetselaar, and B. A. C. Loomans, “A Comparative Evaluation Between the Reliability of Gypsum Casts and Digital Greyscale Intra‐Oral Scans for the Scoring of Tooth Wear Using the Tooth Wear Evaluation System (TWES),” Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 48 (2021): 678–686.
C. Ganss, J. Klimek, and A. Lussi, “Accuracy and Consistency of the Visual Diagnosis of Exposed Dentine on Worn Occlusal/Incisal Surfaces,” Caries Research 40, no. 3 (2006): 208–212.
J. C. Carvalho, T. Scaramucci, N. R. Aimée, H. D. Mestrinho, and A. T. Hara, “Early Diagnosis and Daily Practice Management of Erosive Tooth Wear Lesions,” British Dental Journal 224, no. 5 (2018): 311–318.
J. R. Landis and G. G. Koch, “The Measurement of Observer Agreement for Categorical Data,” Biometrics 33, no. 1 (1977): 159–174.
B. Van Meerbeek and R. Frankenberger, “Editorial: Negative Data Are Also Worth Publishing!,” Journal of Adhesive Dentistry 20, no. 2 (2018): 83.
T. da Rosa, R. Moreira Bastos, P. Teixeira da Silva, and D. Normando, “Reliability of Qualitative Occlusal Tooth Wear Evaluation Using an Intraoral Scanner: A Pilot Study,” PLoS One 16, no. 3 (2021): e0249119.
J. C. Roehl, H. A. Jakstat, K. Becker, P. Wetselaar, and M. O. Ahlers, “Tooth Wear Evaluation System (TWES) 2.0‐Reliability of Diagnosis With and Without Computer‐Assisted Evaluation,” Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 49, no. 1 (2022): 81–91.
S. B. Mehta, B. A. C. Loomans, E. M. Bronkhorst, S. Banerji, and D. Bartlett, “The Impact of e‐Training on Tooth Wear Assessments Using the BEWE,” Journal of Dentistry 103427 (2020): 103427.
A. Rauch, F. Jahn, A. Roesner, S. Hahnel, and O. Schierz, “Impact of the DC/TMD Instructional Video on the Practical Skills of Undergraduate Students‐A Single‐Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial,” European Journal of Dental Education 25, no. 3 (2021): 435–441.
E. Schiffman, R. Ohrbach, E. Truelove, et al., “Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) for Clinical and Research Applications: Recommendations of the International RDC/TMD Consortium Network* and Orofacial Pain Special Interest Group†,” Journal of Oral & Facial Pain and Headache 28, no. 1 (2014): 6–27.