Risk factors for fracture-related infections after low-velocity gunshot fractures to the pelvis.

Antibiotics Bowel Debridement Fracture Gunshot wound Infection Osteomyelitis Pelvic osteomyelitis

Journal

Injury
ISSN: 1879-0267
Titre abrégé: Injury
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 0226040

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
24 Sep 2024
Historique:
received: 06 02 2024
revised: 18 09 2024
accepted: 20 09 2024
medline: 29 9 2024
pubmed: 29 9 2024
entrez: 28 9 2024
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Although treatments have improved dramatically in recent years, mortality following gunshot wounds (GSW) to the pelvis continue to range between 3 and 20 %. This project was designed to determine the incidence and risk factors associated with pelvic fracture-related infection (FRI) following GSWs to the pelvis given the paucity of evidence regarding this complication. A retrospective review of 13 years (1/2010-12/2022) of patients with GSW to the pelvis was performed. Patients meeting inclusion criteria underwent chart review for the development of pelvic FRI and the following additional data elements were extracted: demographics, presence and type of bowel injury, operations performed, complications, use of postoperative antibiotics (≤24 h vs. >24 h), surgical osseous debridement, presence of retained bullet fragments, and bullet trajectory. Discrete variables were analyzed using Wilcoxon rank-sum test, chi-square, and Fischer's exact test. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated for continuous variables. 242 patients were included in the study. Concomitant bowel injury was present in 108 patients (45 %). Eleven patients (4.5 %) developed FRI, all of whom had a concomitant bowel injury (p < 0.001). Neither the presence of retained bullet fragments nor the bullet trajectory (through bowel before the bone) was associated with FRI. Antibiotic duration >24 h was not associated with a lower rate of pelvic FRI. Development of FRI after a GSW to the pelvis occurs in 4.5 % of patients and is significantly associated with concomitant bowel injury, specifically colonic injury. These findings can be used to help guide further studies on the role of prophylactic antibiotics or other strategies to prevent pelvic FRI.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Although treatments have improved dramatically in recent years, mortality following gunshot wounds (GSW) to the pelvis continue to range between 3 and 20 %. This project was designed to determine the incidence and risk factors associated with pelvic fracture-related infection (FRI) following GSWs to the pelvis given the paucity of evidence regarding this complication.
METHODS METHODS
A retrospective review of 13 years (1/2010-12/2022) of patients with GSW to the pelvis was performed. Patients meeting inclusion criteria underwent chart review for the development of pelvic FRI and the following additional data elements were extracted: demographics, presence and type of bowel injury, operations performed, complications, use of postoperative antibiotics (≤24 h vs. >24 h), surgical osseous debridement, presence of retained bullet fragments, and bullet trajectory. Discrete variables were analyzed using Wilcoxon rank-sum test, chi-square, and Fischer's exact test. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated for continuous variables.
RESULTS RESULTS
242 patients were included in the study. Concomitant bowel injury was present in 108 patients (45 %). Eleven patients (4.5 %) developed FRI, all of whom had a concomitant bowel injury (p < 0.001). Neither the presence of retained bullet fragments nor the bullet trajectory (through bowel before the bone) was associated with FRI. Antibiotic duration >24 h was not associated with a lower rate of pelvic FRI.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
Development of FRI after a GSW to the pelvis occurs in 4.5 % of patients and is significantly associated with concomitant bowel injury, specifically colonic injury. These findings can be used to help guide further studies on the role of prophylactic antibiotics or other strategies to prevent pelvic FRI.

Identifiants

pubmed: 39341050
pii: S0020-1383(24)00647-8
doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2024.111918
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

111918

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of competing interest Dr Thomas Carver is a consultant for InnoVital, Inc and Cytovale, Inc, but these relationships are not relevant to the submitted work. None of the other authors have any conflicts of interest to disclose.

Auteurs

Madelyn Coleman (M)

Division of Trauma and Critical Care, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd. Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States. Electronic address: macoleman@mcw.edu.

Carisa Bergner (C)

Division of Trauma and Critical Care, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd. Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States. Electronic address: cbergner@mcw.edu.

Thomas W Carver (TW)

Division of Trauma and Critical Care, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd. Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States. Electronic address: tcarver@mcw.edu.

Classifications MeSH