Study protocol: process and outcome evaluation of the Walk with Ease program for fall prevention.
Falls
Falls prevention
Healthy aging
Physical activity
Physical therapy
Journal
BMC public health
ISSN: 1471-2458
Titre abrégé: BMC Public Health
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100968562
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
28 Sep 2024
28 Sep 2024
Historique:
received:
30
11
2023
accepted:
19
09
2024
medline:
29
9
2024
pubmed:
29
9
2024
entrez:
28
9
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Falls are the leading cause of injury related morbidity and mortality in older adults. Primary and secondary prevention strategies that address modifiable risk factors are critically important to reduce the number of falls and fall related injuries. A number of evidence-based fall prevention programs are available, but few offer potential for broad dissemination and public health impact due to implementation barriers, such as a need for trained program leaders and clinicians. The study will use a randomized controlled trial design to evaluate incorporating physical therapy exercises (primary prevention strategy) within an existing intervention called Walk with Ease. While Walk with Ease has an established evidence-base related to the management of arthritis pain and symptoms, the present study will determine the potential to also reduce falls and fall risk in community-dwelling older adults. The integrated process and outcome evaluation will determine the relative effectiveness of individually-prescribed exercises (compared to standardized exercises) as well as the potential of 'habit training' resources (relative to generic behavior prompts) to improve compliance with exercises in this population. The study, conducted through a local clinical-community partnership will advance both the science and practice of community-based fall prevention programming, while also informing implementation strategies needed to promote broader dissemination. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05693025, Registered January 20, 2023, Updated March 1, 2023.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Falls are the leading cause of injury related morbidity and mortality in older adults. Primary and secondary prevention strategies that address modifiable risk factors are critically important to reduce the number of falls and fall related injuries. A number of evidence-based fall prevention programs are available, but few offer potential for broad dissemination and public health impact due to implementation barriers, such as a need for trained program leaders and clinicians.
METHODS
METHODS
The study will use a randomized controlled trial design to evaluate incorporating physical therapy exercises (primary prevention strategy) within an existing intervention called Walk with Ease. While Walk with Ease has an established evidence-base related to the management of arthritis pain and symptoms, the present study will determine the potential to also reduce falls and fall risk in community-dwelling older adults. The integrated process and outcome evaluation will determine the relative effectiveness of individually-prescribed exercises (compared to standardized exercises) as well as the potential of 'habit training' resources (relative to generic behavior prompts) to improve compliance with exercises in this population.
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSIONS
The study, conducted through a local clinical-community partnership will advance both the science and practice of community-based fall prevention programming, while also informing implementation strategies needed to promote broader dissemination.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
BACKGROUND
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05693025, Registered January 20, 2023, Updated March 1, 2023.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39342204
doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-20138-z
pii: 10.1186/s12889-024-20138-z
doi:
Banques de données
ClinicalTrials.gov
['NCT05693025']
Types de publication
Journal Article
Randomized Controlled Trial
Clinical Trial Protocol
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2658Subventions
Organisme : CDC HHS
ID : U01CE003490-01
Pays : United States
Organisme : CDC HHS
ID : U01CE003490-01
Pays : United States
Organisme : CDC HHS
ID : U01CE003490-01
Pays : United States
Organisme : CDC HHS
ID : U01CE003490-01
Pays : United States
Organisme : CDC HHS
ID : U01CE003490-01
Pays : United States
Organisme : CDC HHS
ID : U01CE003490-01
Pays : United States
Organisme : CDC HHS
ID : U01CE003490-01
Pays : United States
Organisme : CDC HHS
ID : U01CE003490-01
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
Références
Moreland B, Kakara R, Henry A. Trends in nonfatal falls and fall-related injuries among adults aged≥ 65 years—United States, 2012–2018. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020;69(27):875.
doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6927a5
Montero-Odasso M, van der Velde N, Martin FC, Petrovic M, Tan MP, Ryg J, et al. World guidelines for falls prevention and management for older adults: a global initiative. Age Ageing. 2022;51(9):afac205.
pubmed: 36178003
pmcid: 9523684
doi: 10.1093/ageing/afac205
Burns E, Kakara R, Moreland B. A CDC compendium of effective fall interventions: what works for community-dwelling older adults. 2023.
Sherrington C, Michaleff ZA, Fairhall N, Paul SS, Tiedemann A, Whitney J, et al. Exercise to prevent falls in older adults: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med. 2017;51(24):1750–8.
pubmed: 27707740
doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2016-096547
Thomas S, Mackintosh S, Halbert J. Does the ‘Otago exercise programme’reduce mortality and falls in older adults?: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Age Ageing. 2010;39(6):681–7.
pubmed: 20817938
doi: 10.1093/ageing/afq102
Martins AC, Santos C, Silva C, Baltazar D, Moreira J, Tavares N. Does modified Otago Exercise Program improves balance in older people? A systematic review. Prev Med Rep. 2018;11:231–9.
pubmed: 30210995
pmcid: 6129967
doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.06.015
Chiu H-L, Yeh T-T, Lo Y-T, Liang P-J, Lee S-C. The effects of the Otago Exercise Programme on actual and perceived balance in older adults: a meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2021;16(8):e0255780.
pubmed: 34358276
pmcid: 8345836
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255780
Lomas-Vega R, Obrero-Gaitán E, Molina-Ortega FJ, Del-Pino-Casado R. Tai Chi for risk of falls. A meta-analysis. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2017;65(9):2037–43.
pubmed: 28736853
doi: 10.1111/jgs.15008
Hu Y-N, Chung Y-J, Yu H-K, Chen Y-C, Tsai C-T, Hu G-C. Effect of Tai Chi exercise on fall prevention in older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Int J Gerontol. 2016;10(3):131–6.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijge.2016.06.002
Arthritis Foundation. Walk with ease: your guide to walking for better health, improved fitness and less pain. Arthritis Foundation; 2002.
Bruno M, Cummins S, Gaudiano L, Stoos J, Blanpied P. Effectiveness of two Arthritis Foundation programs: Walk With Ease, and YOU Can Break the Pain Cycle. Clin Interv Aging. 2006;1(3):295.
pubmed: 18046884
pmcid: 2695175
doi: 10.2147/ciia.2006.1.3.295
Callahan L, Shreffler JH, Altpeter M, Schoster B, Hootman J, Houenou LO, et al. Evaluation of group and self-directed formats of the Arthritis Foundation’s Walk With Ease Program. Arthritis Care Res. 2011;63(8):1098–107.
doi: 10.1002/acr.20490
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Walk with Ease - Self-Directed: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2019 [updated 10/18/2019; cited 2020. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/arthritis/interventions/programs/wwe-individual.htm .
Lamoureux NR, Lansing J, Welk GJ. An observational pilot evaluation of the Walk with Ease program for reducing fall risk among older adults. Arch Public Health. 2023;81(1):203.
pubmed: 37986196
pmcid: 10662528
doi: 10.1186/s13690-023-01219-8
Shubert TE, Smith ML, Goto L, Jiang L, Ory MG. Otago exercise program in the United States: comparison of 2 implementation models. Phys Ther. 2017;97(2):187–97.
pubmed: 28204770
doi: 10.2522/ptj.20160236
Schwarzer R. Modeling health behavior change: how to predict and modify the adoption and maintenance of health behaviors. Appl Psychol. 2008;57(1):1–29.
doi: 10.1111/j.1464-0597.2007.00325.x
Chan AW, Tetzlaff JM, Altman DG, Laupacis A, Gøtzsche PC, Krleža-Jerić K, et al. SPIRIT 2013 statement: defining standard protocol items for clinical trials. Ann Intern Med. 2013;158(3):200–7. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-158-3-201302050-00583 .
doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-158-3-201302050-00583
pubmed: 23295957
pmcid: 5114123
Michie S, Richardson M, Johnston M, Abraham C, Francis J, Hardeman W, et al. The behavior change technique taxonomy (v1) of 93 hierarchically clustered techniques: building an international consensus for the reporting of behavior change interventions. Ann Behav Med. 2013;46(1):81–95.
pubmed: 23512568
doi: 10.1007/s12160-013-9486-6
Deci EL, Ryan RM. Self-determination theory: a macrotheory of human motivation, development, and health. Can Psychol. 2008;49(3):182.
doi: 10.1037/a0012801
Li F, Harmer P, Fitzgerald K, Eckstrom E, Akers L, Chou L-S, et al. Effectiveness of a therapeutic Tai Ji Quan intervention vs a multimodal exercise intervention to prevent falls among older adults at high risk of falling: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2018;178(10):1301–10.
pubmed: 30208396
pmcid: 6233748
doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.3915
CDC. STEADI - older adult fall prevention: centers for disease control and prevention, national center for injury prevention and control; 2023. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/steadi/index.html .
Lamb SE, Bruce J, Hossain A, Ji C, Longo R, Lall R, et al. Screening and intervention to prevent falls and fractures in older people. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(19):1848–59.
pubmed: 33211928
doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2001500
Lohman MC, Crow RS, DiMilia PR, Nicklett EJ, Bruce ML, Batsis JA. Operationalisation and validation of the Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths, and Injuries (STEADI) fall risk algorithm in a nationally representative sample. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2017;71(12):1191–7.
pubmed: 28947669
doi: 10.1136/jech-2017-209769
Sarmiento K, Lee R. STEADI: CDC’s approach to make older adult fall prevention part of every primary care practice. J Safety Res. 2017;63:105–9.
pubmed: 29203005
pmcid: 6239204
doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2017.08.003
Hurtig-Wennlöf A, Hagströmer M, Olsson LA. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire modified for the elderly: aspects of validity and feasibility. Public Health Nutr. 2010;13(11):1847–54.
pubmed: 20196910
doi: 10.1017/S1368980010000157
Linnan L, Steckler A. Process evaluation for public health interventions and research. 2002.
Saunders RP, Evans MH, Joshi P. Developing a process-evaluation plan for assessing health promotion program implementation: a how-to guide. Health Promot Pract. 2005;6(2):134–47.
pubmed: 15855283
doi: 10.1177/1524839904273387
Helsel BC, Kemper KA, Williams JE, Truong K, Van Puymbroeck M. Multidimensional risk score to stratify community-dwelling older adults by future fall risk using the Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths and Injuries (STEADI) framework. Inj Prev. 2020;27(5):461–6.
pubmed: 33443031
doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2020-044014
Howlett N, Schulz J, Trivedi D, Troop N, Chater A. A prospective study exploring the construct and predictive validity of the COM-B model for physical activity. J Health Psychol. 2019;24(10):1378–91.
pubmed: 29172808
doi: 10.1177/1359105317739098
Gardner B, Abraham C, Lally P, de Bruijn G-J. Towards parsimony in habit measurement: Testing the convergent and predictive validity of an automaticity subscale of the Self-Report Habit Index. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2012;9(1):102.
pubmed: 22935297
pmcid: 3552971
doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-9-102
Markland D, Tobin V. A modification to the behavioural regulation in exercise questionnaire to include an assessment of amotivation. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2004;26(2):191–6.
doi: 10.1123/jsep.26.2.191
Wilson PM, Rodgers WM, Loitz CC, Scime G. “It’s Who I Am… Really!’The importance of integrated regulation in exercise contexts 1. J Appl Biobehav Res. 2006;11(2):79–104.
doi: 10.1111/j.1751-9861.2006.tb00021.x
Chen C, Weyland S, Fritsch J, Woll A, Niessner C, Burchartz A, et al. A short version of the physical activity enjoyment scale: Development and psychometric properties. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(21):11035.
pubmed: 34769552
pmcid: 8582913
doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111035
Fries JF, Cella D, Rose M, Krishnan E, Bruce B. Progress in assessing physical function in arthritis: PROMIS short forms and computerized adaptive testing. J Rheumatol. 2009;36(9):2061–6.
pubmed: 19738214
doi: 10.3899/jrheum.090358
Bruce B, Fries JF. The Stanford health assessment questionnaire: dimensions and practical applications. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2003;1(1):20.
pubmed: 12831398
pmcid: 165587
doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-1-20
Yardley L, Beyer N, Hauer K, Kempen G, Piot-Ziegler C, Todd C. Development and initial validation of the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I). Age Ageing. 2005;34(6):614–9.
pubmed: 16267188
doi: 10.1093/ageing/afi196
Delbaere K, Close JC, Mikolaizak AS, Sachdev PS, Brodaty H, Lord SR. The falls efficacy scale international (FES-I). A comprehensive longitudinal validation study. Age Ageing. 2010;39(2):210–6.
pubmed: 20061508
doi: 10.1093/ageing/afp225
Martín-Ponce E, Hernández-Betancor I, González-Reimers E, Hernández-Luis R, Martínez-Riera A, Santolaria F. Prognostic value of physical function tests: hand grip strength and six-minute walking test in elderly hospitalized patients. Sci Rep. 2014;4(1):7530.
pubmed: 25531922
pmcid: 4273599
doi: 10.1038/srep07530
Jakobsen LH, Rask IK, Kondrup J. Validation of handgrip strength and endurance as a measure of physical function and quality of life in healthy subjects and patients. Nutrition. 2010;26(5):542–50.
pubmed: 19804953
doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2009.06.015
Stevens J. The STEADI tool kit: a fall prevention resource for health care providers. IHS Prim Care Provid. 2013;39(9):162.
pubmed: 26766893
pmcid: 4707964
Piercy KL, Troiano RP, Ballard RM, Carlson SA, Fulton JE, Galuska DA, et al. The physical activity guidelines for Americans. JAMA. 2018;320(19):2020.
pubmed: 30418471
pmcid: 9582631
doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.14854
Sparling PB, Howard BJ, Dunstan DW, Owen N. Recommendations for physical activity in older adults. Bmj. 2015;350.
Smith GL, Banting L, Eime R, O’Sullivan G, Van Uffelen JG. The association between social support and physical activity in older adults: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2017;14(1):56.
doi: 10.1186/s12966-017-0509-8
Moreira NB, Rodacki ALF, Pereira G, Bento PCB. Does functional capacity, fall risk awareness and physical activity level predict falls in older adults in different age groups? Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2018;77:57–63.
pubmed: 29673964
doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2018.04.002
Okubo Y, Osuka Y, Jung S, Rafael F, Tsujimoto T, Aiba T, et al. Walking can be more effective than balance training in fall prevention among community-dwelling older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2016;16(1):118–25.
pubmed: 25613322
doi: 10.1111/ggi.12444
Zhang L, Ding Z, Qiu L, Li A. Falls and risk factors of falls for urban and rural community-dwelling older adults in China. BMC Geriatr. 2019;19(1):1–17.
doi: 10.1186/s12877-019-1391-9
Skou ST, Roos EM. Physical therapy for patients with knee and hip osteoarthritis: supervised, active treatment is current best practice. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2019;37(5):112–7.
pubmed: 31621559
Sluijs EM, Kok GJ, Van der Zee J. Correlates of exercise compliance in physical therapy. Phys Ther. 1993;73(11):771–82.
pubmed: 8234458
doi: 10.1093/ptj/73.11.771
Oakley A, Strange V, Bonell C, Allen E, Stephenson J. Process evaluation in randomised controlled trials of complex interventions. BMJ. 2006;332(7538):413–6.
pubmed: 16484270
pmcid: 1370978
doi: 10.1136/bmj.332.7538.413
Mazza NZ, Bailey E, Lanou AJ, Miller N. A statewide approach to falls prevention: widespread implementation of a matter of balance in North Carolina, 2014–2019. J Appl Gerontol. 2021;40(11):1447–54.
pubmed: 33666117
doi: 10.1177/0733464821997212