Parvovirus B19 rebound outbreak 2024 and implications for blood- and plasma-product safety.
B19V epidemiology
parvovirus B19 outbreak
re‐emergence
risk assessment
transfusion transmission
Journal
Transfusion
ISSN: 1537-2995
Titre abrégé: Transfusion
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0417360
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
03 Oct 2024
03 Oct 2024
Historique:
revised:
04
09
2024
received:
26
07
2024
accepted:
14
09
2024
medline:
3
10
2024
pubmed:
3
10
2024
entrez:
3
10
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
Since the beginning of 2024, several European countries reported unusually high numbers of Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) infections. An increase in B19V incidence rate might have implications for blood products for direct transfusion, however, large data sets for analysis of this outbreak are missing. B19V nucleic acid testing (NAT) of plasma donations collected between June 2018 and May 2024 from mainly Central European countries (n = 9.6 million) and the United States (n = 70.7 million) was done to the individual donation level. In Central Europe, there was a marked increase in B19V incidence from November 2023 onwards, which peaked in April 2024 with a 33-fold higher than average B19V incidence versus before the COVID-19 pandemic. In the United States, a similar trend was seen, with a yet still 6-fold lower increase than in Europe at the same time. The largest increase in B19V positivity was seen in the youngest plasma donor cohort. A B19V infection gap during the COVID-19 pandemic is likely the basis for the rebound outbreak in 2023/2024, particularly in Europe. B19V NAT of millions of plasma donations provides for large scale numbers to solidify available epidemiology insight, and to support adequate risk assessments. Based on the situation it may be prudent to consider B19V NAT for blood components specifically directed towards transfusion to higher risk recipients, or alternatively, preselecting B19V seropositive individuals or advanced age donors at higher likelihood of seropositivity and thus lower risk of virus transmission.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Since the beginning of 2024, several European countries reported unusually high numbers of Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) infections. An increase in B19V incidence rate might have implications for blood products for direct transfusion, however, large data sets for analysis of this outbreak are missing.
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS
METHODS
B19V nucleic acid testing (NAT) of plasma donations collected between June 2018 and May 2024 from mainly Central European countries (n = 9.6 million) and the United States (n = 70.7 million) was done to the individual donation level.
RESULTS
RESULTS
In Central Europe, there was a marked increase in B19V incidence from November 2023 onwards, which peaked in April 2024 with a 33-fold higher than average B19V incidence versus before the COVID-19 pandemic. In the United States, a similar trend was seen, with a yet still 6-fold lower increase than in Europe at the same time. The largest increase in B19V positivity was seen in the youngest plasma donor cohort.
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSIONS
A B19V infection gap during the COVID-19 pandemic is likely the basis for the rebound outbreak in 2023/2024, particularly in Europe. B19V NAT of millions of plasma donations provides for large scale numbers to solidify available epidemiology insight, and to support adequate risk assessments. Based on the situation it may be prudent to consider B19V NAT for blood components specifically directed towards transfusion to higher risk recipients, or alternatively, preselecting B19V seropositive individuals or advanced age donors at higher likelihood of seropositivity and thus lower risk of virus transmission.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Informations de copyright
© 2024 The Author(s). Transfusion published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of AABB.
Références
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Risks posed by reported increased circulation of human parvovirus B19 in the EU/EEA. ECDC: Stockholm (accessed September 2, 2024). 2024. https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications‐data/risks‐posed‐reported‐increased‐circulation‐human‐parvovirus‐b19‐eueea
Plasma Protein Therapeutics Association (PPTA). QSEAL NAT Testing Standard, v2.0 (Accessed September 02, 2024). https://cdn.prod.website‐files.com/638f893112c6eac0e46ac576/64517906a60bdb04ed8c3b74_NATTestingV2‐3.pdf
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