AXL as immune regulator and therapeutic target in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: from current progress to novel strategies.
AXL
Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Immunoregulation
Therapy
Journal
Experimental hematology & oncology
ISSN: 2162-3619
Titre abrégé: Exp Hematol Oncol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101590676
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
04 Oct 2024
04 Oct 2024
Historique:
received:
22
07
2024
accepted:
19
09
2024
medline:
5
10
2024
pubmed:
5
10
2024
entrez:
4
10
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Until recently, treatment options for patients diagnosed with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) were limited and predominantly relied on various combinations, dosages, or schedules of traditional chemotherapeutic agents. Patients with advanced age, relapsed/refractory disease or comorbidities were often left without effective treatment options. Novel advances in the understanding of leukemogenesis at the molecular and genetic levels, alongside recent progress in drug development, have resulted in the emergence of novel therapeutic agents and strategies for AML patients. Among these innovations, the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL has been established as a promising therapeutic target for AML. AXL is a key regulator of several cellular functions, including epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in tumor cells, immune regulation, apoptosis, angiogenesis and the development of chemoresistance. Clinical studies of AXL inhibitors, as single agents and in combination therapy, have demonstrated promising efficacy in treating AML. Additionally, novel AXL-targeted therapies, such as AXL-specific antibodies or antibody fragments, present potential solutions to overcome the limitations associated with traditional small-molecule AXL inhibitors or multikinase inhibitors. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the structure and biological functions of AXL under normal physiological conditions, including its role in immune regulation. We also summarize AXL's involvement in cancer, with a specific emphasis on its role in the pathogenesis of AML, its contribution to immune evasion and drug resistance. Moreover, we discuss the AXL inhibitors currently undergoing (pre)clinical evaluation for the treatment of AML.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39367387
doi: 10.1186/s40164-024-00566-8
pii: 10.1186/s40164-024-00566-8
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
99Subventions
Organisme : Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek Vlaanderen
ID : G0A8522N, 1S66121N
Organisme : Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek Vlaanderen
ID : G0A8522N, 1S66121N
Organisme : Vrije Universiteit Brussel
ID : SRP-84
Organisme : Kom Op Tegen Kanker
ID : KotK_VUB/ 2021/12786/1
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
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