Human-to-Anopheles dirus mosquito transmission of the anthropozoonotic malaria parasite, Plasmodium knowlesi.
Anopheles dirus
Plasmodium knowlesi
Malaria
Sporozoite
Zoonosis
Journal
Parasites & vectors
ISSN: 1756-3305
Titre abrégé: Parasit Vectors
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101462774
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
04 Oct 2024
04 Oct 2024
Historique:
received:
15
08
2024
accepted:
18
09
2024
medline:
5
10
2024
pubmed:
5
10
2024
entrez:
4
10
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Plasmodium knowlesi, identified as the fifth human malaria parasite, has rapidly spread across various Southeast Asian countries, yet uncertainties persist regarding its human-mosquito-human transmission. Therefore, this study aims to explore the transmission potential of P. knowlesi from human blood to mosquitoes. A direct membrane-feeding assay was conducted by infecting laboratory-reared female Anopheles dirus mosquitoes with P. knowlesi-infected human blood from a single patient presenting with febrile malaria. Mosquitoes were dissected 7 days post-infection under a stereomicroscope to detect oocysts in the midgut, stained with mercurochrome. Salivary glands were examined 14 days post-infection for the presence of sporozoites. Malaria diagnosis employed microscopy by expert microscopists and nested PCR assays. Upon dissecting 745 out of 1439 blood-fed An. dirus mosquitoes on day 7 post-infection, two oocysts were identified in the midguts of two mosquitoes (0.27%). An additional 694 mosquitoes were dissected for salivary glands on day 14 post-infection, with three mosquitoes (0.43%) exhibiting sporozoites. Further confirmation by nested-PCR assay verified these sporozoites as belonging to the P. knowlesi species. The findings underscore the potential transmission of P. knowlesi from human blood to mosquitoes. The significance of these findings necessitates further investigation, such as repeating similar experiments among natural vectors, to gain deeper insights into the transmission dynamics of P. knowlesi in Southeast Asia.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Plasmodium knowlesi, identified as the fifth human malaria parasite, has rapidly spread across various Southeast Asian countries, yet uncertainties persist regarding its human-mosquito-human transmission. Therefore, this study aims to explore the transmission potential of P. knowlesi from human blood to mosquitoes.
METHODS
METHODS
A direct membrane-feeding assay was conducted by infecting laboratory-reared female Anopheles dirus mosquitoes with P. knowlesi-infected human blood from a single patient presenting with febrile malaria. Mosquitoes were dissected 7 days post-infection under a stereomicroscope to detect oocysts in the midgut, stained with mercurochrome. Salivary glands were examined 14 days post-infection for the presence of sporozoites. Malaria diagnosis employed microscopy by expert microscopists and nested PCR assays.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Upon dissecting 745 out of 1439 blood-fed An. dirus mosquitoes on day 7 post-infection, two oocysts were identified in the midguts of two mosquitoes (0.27%). An additional 694 mosquitoes were dissected for salivary glands on day 14 post-infection, with three mosquitoes (0.43%) exhibiting sporozoites. Further confirmation by nested-PCR assay verified these sporozoites as belonging to the P. knowlesi species.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
The findings underscore the potential transmission of P. knowlesi from human blood to mosquitoes. The significance of these findings necessitates further investigation, such as repeating similar experiments among natural vectors, to gain deeper insights into the transmission dynamics of P. knowlesi in Southeast Asia.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39367453
doi: 10.1186/s13071-024-06500-5
pii: 10.1186/s13071-024-06500-5
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
415Subventions
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : U19AI089672
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : U19AI089672
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : U19AI089672
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : U19AI089672
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : U19AI089672
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : U19AI089672
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : U19AI089672
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : U19AI089672
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : U19AI089672
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : U19AI089672
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : U19AI089672
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
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