ScholarGPT's performance in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of Scholar GPT in answering technical questions in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery and to conduct a comparative analysis with the results of a previous study that assessed the performance of ChatGPT. Scholar GPT was accessed via ChatGPT (www.chatgpt.com) on March 20, 2024. A total of 60 technical questions (15 each on impacted teeth, dental implants, temporomandibular joint disorders, and orthognathic surgery) from our previous study were used. Scholar GPT's responses were evaluated using a modified Global Quality Scale (GQS). The questions were randomized before scoring using an online randomizer (www.randomizer.org). A single researcher performed the evaluations at three different times, three weeks apart, with each evaluation preceded by a new randomization. In cases of score discrepancies, a fourth evaluation was conducted to determine the final score. Scholar GPT performed well across all technical questions, with an average GQS score of 4.48 (SD=0.93). Comparatively, ChatGPT's average GQS score in previous study was 3.1 (SD=1.492). The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test indicated a statistically significant higher average score for Scholar GPT compared to ChatGPT (Mean Difference = 2.00, SE = 0.163, p < 0.001). The Kruskal-Wallis Test showed no statistically significant differences among the topic groups (χ² = 0.799, df = 3, p = 0.850, ε² = 0.0135). Scholar GPT demonstrated a generally high performance in technical questions within oral and maxillofacial surgery and produced more consistent and higher-quality responses compared to ChatGPT. The findings suggest that GPT models based on academic databases can provide more accurate and reliable information. Additionally, developing a specialized GPT model for oral and maxillofacial surgery could ensure higher quality and consistency in artificial intelligence-generated information.

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Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.