A cluster of multi-drug intoxications involving xylazine, benzimidazole opioids (nitazenes) and novel benzodiazepines in South Australia.
early warning system
nitazenes
novel benzodiazepines
toxicosurveillance
xylazine
Journal
Emergency medicine Australasia : EMA
ISSN: 1742-6723
Titre abrégé: Emerg Med Australas
Pays: Australia
ID NLM: 101199824
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
10 Oct 2024
10 Oct 2024
Historique:
revised:
10
09
2024
received:
05
07
2024
accepted:
24
09
2024
medline:
11
10
2024
pubmed:
11
10
2024
entrez:
10
10
2024
Statut:
aheadofprint
Résumé
To highlight the detection of xylazine and nitrazolam in conjunction with benzimidazole opioids (nitazenes) and other novel benzodiazepines in a cluster of patients after putative heroin use. Deidentified clinical and analytical data were gathered from patients enrolled in the Emerging Drugs Network of Australia system. In December 2023, three adults presented to the ED with sedation following putative use of heroin. Toxicological analysis of blood samples identified xylazine, protonitazene, metonitazene, bromazolam and nitrazolam. Local health authorities subsequently issued an alert. This is the first signal of xylazine and nitrazolam use in Australia. These results demonstrate toxico-surveillance programmes with analytical confirmation of drugs are invaluable in monitoring illicit drug use.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39389919
doi: 10.1111/1742-6723.14512
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : National Health and Medical Research Council
ID : GNT2001107
Informations de copyright
© 2024 Australasian College for Emergency Medicine.
Références
Pergolizzi J Jr, Raffa R, LeQuang JAK, Breve F, Varrassi G. Old drugs and new challenges: a narrative review of Nitazenes. Cureus 2023; 15: e40736.
Brunetti P, Giorgetti R, Tagliabracci A, Huestis M, Busardò F. Designer benzodiazepines: a review of toxicology and public health risks. Pharmaceuticals 2021; 14: 560.
Ayub S, Parnia S, Poddar K et al. Xylazine in the opioid epidemic: a systematic review of case reports and clinical implications. Cureus 2023; 15: e36864.
Smith JL, Soderstrom J, Dawson A et al. The Emerging Drugs Network of Australia: a toxicosurveillance system of illicit and emerging drugs in the emergency department. Emerg. Med. Australas. 2022; 34: 58–64.
Partridge E, Alfred S, Camilleri A et al. Establishing the protocols for the South Australian Emergency Department Admission Blood Psychoactive Testing (EDABPT) programme for drug surveillance. Emerg. Med. Australas. 2021; 33: 883–887.