Melatonin, Melatonin Receptors and Sleep: Moving Beyond Traditional Views.
MT1 receptors
MT2 receptors
insomnia
melatonin
sleep
Journal
Journal of pineal research
ISSN: 1600-079X
Titre abrégé: J Pineal Res
Pays: England
ID NLM: 8504412
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Oct 2024
Oct 2024
Historique:
revised:
24
09
2024
received:
22
03
2024
accepted:
25
09
2024
medline:
14
10
2024
pubmed:
14
10
2024
entrez:
14
10
2024
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Sleep, constituting approximately one-third of the human lifespan, is a crucial physiological process essential for physical and mental well-being. Normal sleep consists of an orderly progression through wakefulness, non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, all of which are tightly regulated. Melatonin, often referred to as the "hormone of sleep," plays a pivotal role as a regulator of the sleep/wake cycle and exerts its effects through high-affinity G-protein coupled receptors known as MT1 and MT2. Selective modulation of these receptors presents a promising therapeutic avenue for sleep disorders. This review examines research on the multifaceted role of melatonin in sleep regulation, focusing on selective ligands targeting MT1 and MT2 receptors, as well as studies involving MT1 and MT2 knockout mice. Contrary to common beliefs, growing evidence suggests that melatonin, through MT1 and MT2 receptors, might not only influence circadian aspects of sleep but likely, also modulate the homeostatic process of sleep and sleep architecture, or could be the molecule linking the homeostatic and circadian regulation of sleep. Furthermore, the distinct brain localization of MT1 and MT2 receptors, with MT1 receptors primarily regulating REM sleep and MT2 receptors regulating NREM sleep, is discussed. Collectively, sleep regulation extends beyond the circulating levels and circadian peak of melatonin; it also critically involves the expression, molecular activation, and regulatory functions of MT1 and MT2 receptors across various brain regions and nuclei involved in the regulation of sleep. This research underscores the importance of ongoing investigation into the selective roles of MT1 and MT2 receptors in sleep. Such research efforts are expected to pave the way for the development of targeted MT1 or MT2 receptors ligands, thereby optimizing therapeutic interventions for sleep disorders.
Substances chimiques
Melatonin
JL5DK93RCL
Receptor, Melatonin, MT1
0
Receptor, Melatonin, MT2
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e13011Subventions
Organisme : This study was supported by the Montreal General Hospital Foundation (Sen. DW. Angus award), the Canadian Institutes of Mental Health (CIHR), the Consortium Quebec Discovery Medicines (CQDM) and the Canada Research Chair in Therapeutics for Mental Health
Informations de copyright
© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Pineal Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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