Unveiling the impact of antibiotic stress on biofilm formation and expression of toxin-antitoxin system genes in Clostridium difficile clinical isolates.
Biofilms
/ drug effects
Clostridioides difficile
/ genetics
Anti-Bacterial Agents
/ pharmacology
Toxin-Antitoxin Systems
/ genetics
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial
/ drug effects
Humans
Bacterial Toxins
/ genetics
Bacterial Proteins
/ genetics
Vancomycin
/ pharmacology
Metronidazole
/ pharmacology
Clostridium Infections
/ microbiology
Clostridium difficile
Biofilm
Real time PCR
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems
Journal
Molecular biology reports
ISSN: 1573-4978
Titre abrégé: Mol Biol Rep
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 0403234
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
17 Oct 2024
17 Oct 2024
Historique:
received:
21
06
2024
accepted:
06
10
2024
medline:
18
10
2024
pubmed:
18
10
2024
entrez:
17
10
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The study investigates how antibiotics affect biofilm formation and toxin gene expression in Clostridium difficile, which is essential for its survival and persistence. The study confirmed 25 strains of C. difficile and assessed biofilm formation. The MIC of metronidazole and vancomycin was determined through agar dilution, and the impact of sub-MIC levels on biofilm formation and eradication was investigated. Additionally, Real-time PCR was used to analyze the expression levels of target genes related to antibiotic treatment. We found that certain genes, such as the ImmA/IrrE system, were associated with increased biofilm formation in isolates. Sub-MIC antibiotic levels influenced gene expression related to biofilm activities, particularly emphasizing the importance of toxin-antitoxin systems. The results suggest that antibiotics at sub-MIC levels may play a signaling role in promoting biofilm formation and gene expression in C. difficile. Our study suggests that toxin and antitoxin genes may impact C. difficile biofilm formation, while antibiotics could signal biofilm strengthening and gene expression increase.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39419903
doi: 10.1007/s11033-024-09993-6
pii: 10.1007/s11033-024-09993-6
doi:
Substances chimiques
Anti-Bacterial Agents
0
Bacterial Toxins
0
Bacterial Proteins
0
Vancomycin
6Q205EH1VU
Metronidazole
140QMO216E
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1060Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
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