Current understanding of the impact of United States military airborne hazards and burn pit exposures on respiratory health.
Airborne hazards
Burn Pits 360
Burn pit
Implementation
Inflammation
Inhalation
Military
PACT Act
Pulmonary
Veterans
Journal
Particle and fibre toxicology
ISSN: 1743-8977
Titre abrégé: Part Fibre Toxicol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101236354
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
21 Oct 2024
21 Oct 2024
Historique:
received:
09
02
2024
accepted:
08
10
2024
medline:
22
10
2024
pubmed:
22
10
2024
entrez:
21
10
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Millions of United States (U.S.) troops deployed to the Middle East and Southwest Asia were exposed to toxic airborne hazards and/or open-air burn pits. Burn pit emissions contain particulate matter combined with toxic gasses and heavy metals. Ongoing research has demonstrated that exposures to the airborne hazards from military burn pits have profound and lasting health and wellness consequences. Research on the long-term health consequences of exposure to open burn pits has been limited. Work continues to understand the scope of the health impacts and the underlying pathobiology following exposures and to establish care standards. The U.S. Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics (PACT) Act was signed into law August 2022. This act expands the benefits and services to U.S. Veterans exposed to toxicants, requires the Veterans Health Administration to provide toxic exposure screening, and supports increased research, education, and treatment due to toxic occupational exposures. This review highlights the state of the science related to military burn pit exposures research with an emphasis on pulmonary health. Clinical data demonstrate areas of reduced or delayed pulmonary ventilation and lung pathologies such as small airways scarring, diffuse collagen deposition and focal areas of ossification. Identification and characterization of foreign matter deposition in lung tissues are reported, including particulate matter, silica, titanium oxides, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. These data are consistent with toxic exposures and with the symptoms reported by post-deployment Veterans despite near-normal non-invasive pulmonary evaluations. On-going work toward new methods for non-invasive pulmonary diagnoses and disease monitoring are described. We propose various studies and databases as resources for clinical and health outcomes research. Pre-clinical research using different burn pit modeling approaches are summarized, including oropharyngeal aspiration, intranasal inhalation, and whole-body exposure chamber inhalation. These studies focus on the impacts of specific toxic substances as well as the effects of short-term and sustained insults over time on the pulmonary systems.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39434148
doi: 10.1186/s12989-024-00606-5
pii: 10.1186/s12989-024-00606-5
doi:
Substances chimiques
Particulate Matter
0
Air Pollutants, Occupational
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
43Subventions
Organisme : U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
ID : BLRD Field Based Planning Meeting Award
Organisme : CSRD VA
ID : IK2 CX001679
Pays : United States
Organisme : U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
ID : BLRD Field Based Planning Meeting Award
Organisme : U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
ID : BLRD Field Based Planning Meeting Award
Organisme : BLRD VA
ID : I01 BX005091
Pays : United States
Organisme : University of Minnesota
ID : Program in Health Disparities Research Program
Organisme : U.S. National Institutes of Health
ID : R21 HD 109804-01
Organisme : U.S. National Institutes of Health
ID : WV-CTSI U54 GM104942
Informations de copyright
© 2024. This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply.
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