Aberrations in medically certified sick leave and primary healthcare consultations in Norway in 2023 compared to pre-COVID-19-pandemic trends.
COVID-19
Long COVID
PASC
Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19
Primary healthcare
Sick leave
Journal
Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique
ISSN: 0778-7367
Titre abrégé: Arch Public Health
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9208826
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
22 Oct 2024
22 Oct 2024
Historique:
received:
05
06
2024
accepted:
30
09
2024
medline:
23
10
2024
pubmed:
23
10
2024
entrez:
23
10
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Since 2022, Norway has employed a vaccine-only COVID-19 strategy. Primary healthcare in Norway uses International Classification of Primary Care version 2 (ICPC-2) codes. This study aims to systematically compare medically certified sick leave and primary healthcare consultations in 2023 with the pre-pandemic 2010-2019 trends, and subsequently estimate the magnitude of these changes. For the respective outcomes of (A) working person-years lost to medically certified sick leave (WYLSL) and (B) number of primary healthcare consultations, 556 and 85 ICPC-2 code combinations were extracted from the Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration's sick leave registry and the Norwegian Syndromic Surveillance System. For each ICPC-2 code combination, a Bayesian linear regression was performed using data between 2010 and 2019 to estimate an expected baseline for 2023, which was then used to calculate the deviation from the pre-pandemic trend. A false discovery rate of 5% was used to account for multiple testing. All years from 2020 to 2023 had excess WYLSL, corresponding to 14,491 (90% PI: 8,935 to 20,016) in 2020, 12,911 (90% PI: 5,916 to 19,996) in 2021, 21,263 (90% PI: 12,627 to 29,864) in 2022, and 24,466 (90% PI: 14,023 to 34,705) in 2023. This corresponded to an economic loss of approximately 1.5 billion USD in 2023. Excess WYLSL due to A* (General and unspecified) increased from 2020 to 2023, with an estimated excess of 4,136 WYLSL in 2023 (69% higher than expected). More than half of this increase was explained by A04 (Weakness/tiredness general), whose excess WYLSL in 2023 were estimated at 2,640 (80% higher than expected). The excess in A04 (Weakness/tiredness general) corresponded to an economic loss of 161 million USD and accounted for 11% of the total excess WYLSL in 2023. The excess WYLSL in R* (Respiratory) in 2023 was 3,408, which correspond to an economic loss of 207 million USD and accounted for 14% of the total excess in 2023. Significant excesses in working person-years lost to medically certified sick leave and primary healthcare consultations in 2023. A sizable proportion of the excesses were due to diseases/symptoms associated with acute and post-acute sequelae of COVID-19. Siden 2022 har Norge hatt en «kun vaksine»-basert strategi for covid-19. Primærhelsetjenesten i Norge bruker ICPC-2-koder. Denne studien har som mål å systematisk sammenligne legemeldt sykefravær og konsultasjoner i primærhelsetjenesten i 2023 med trendene fra før pandemien i perioden 2010–2019, og deretter estimere størrelsen på disse endringene. For utfallene (A) tapte arbeidsår (tapte arbeidsdager delt på 250) på grunn av legemeldte sykefravær og (B) antall konsultasjoner i primærhelsetjenesten, ble 556 og 85 ICPC-2-kodekombinasjoner hentet fra NAVs sykefraværsregister og Det norske syndromiske overvåkingssystemet. For hver ICPC-2-kodekombinasjon ble det utført en Bayesiansk lineær regresjon ved bruk av data fra 2010–2019 for å estimere en forventet baseline for 2023, som deretter ble brukt til å beregne avviket fra trendene før pandemien. En falsk oppdagelsesrate på 5% ble brukt. Alle år fra 2020 til 2023 viste et overskudd av tapte arbeidsår, tilsvarende 14 491 (90% PI: 8935 til 20 016) i 2020, 12 911 (90% PI: 5916 til 19 996) i 2021, 21 263 (90% PI: 12 627 til 29 864) i 2022 og 24 466 (90% PI: 14 023 til 34 705) i 2023. Dette tilsvarte et økonomisk tap på omtrent 16,7 milliarder NOK i 2023. Overskuddet i tapte arbeidsår pga. A* (Allment og uspesifisert) økte fra 2020 til 2023, med et beregnet overskudd på 4136 tapte arbeidsår i 2023 (69% høyere enn forventet). Mer enn halvparten av denne økningen ble forklart av A04 (Slapphet/tretthet), hvor overskudd i tapte arbeidsår i 2023 ble beregnet til 2640 (80% høyere enn forventet). Overskuddet i A04 (Slapphet/tretthet) tilsvarte et økonomisk tap på 1,8 milliarder NOK. Overskuddet i tapte arbeidsår pga. R* (Luftveier) i 2023 var 3408, noe som tilsvarte et økonomisk tap på 2,3 milliarder NOK og utgjorde 14% av det totale overskuddet i 2023. Betydelig overskudd i både tapte arbeidsår på grunn av legemeldt sykefravær og konsultasjoner i primærhelsetjenesten i 2023. En betydelig del av overskuddene skyldes sykdommer/symptomer knyttet til akutt covid-19 og senfølger av covid-19.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Since 2022, Norway has employed a vaccine-only COVID-19 strategy. Primary healthcare in Norway uses International Classification of Primary Care version 2 (ICPC-2) codes. This study aims to systematically compare medically certified sick leave and primary healthcare consultations in 2023 with the pre-pandemic 2010-2019 trends, and subsequently estimate the magnitude of these changes.
METHODS
METHODS
For the respective outcomes of (A) working person-years lost to medically certified sick leave (WYLSL) and (B) number of primary healthcare consultations, 556 and 85 ICPC-2 code combinations were extracted from the Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration's sick leave registry and the Norwegian Syndromic Surveillance System. For each ICPC-2 code combination, a Bayesian linear regression was performed using data between 2010 and 2019 to estimate an expected baseline for 2023, which was then used to calculate the deviation from the pre-pandemic trend. A false discovery rate of 5% was used to account for multiple testing.
RESULTS
RESULTS
All years from 2020 to 2023 had excess WYLSL, corresponding to 14,491 (90% PI: 8,935 to 20,016) in 2020, 12,911 (90% PI: 5,916 to 19,996) in 2021, 21,263 (90% PI: 12,627 to 29,864) in 2022, and 24,466 (90% PI: 14,023 to 34,705) in 2023. This corresponded to an economic loss of approximately 1.5 billion USD in 2023. Excess WYLSL due to A* (General and unspecified) increased from 2020 to 2023, with an estimated excess of 4,136 WYLSL in 2023 (69% higher than expected). More than half of this increase was explained by A04 (Weakness/tiredness general), whose excess WYLSL in 2023 were estimated at 2,640 (80% higher than expected). The excess in A04 (Weakness/tiredness general) corresponded to an economic loss of 161 million USD and accounted for 11% of the total excess WYLSL in 2023. The excess WYLSL in R* (Respiratory) in 2023 was 3,408, which correspond to an economic loss of 207 million USD and accounted for 14% of the total excess in 2023.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
Significant excesses in working person-years lost to medically certified sick leave and primary healthcare consultations in 2023. A sizable proportion of the excesses were due to diseases/symptoms associated with acute and post-acute sequelae of COVID-19.
BAKGRUNN
BACKGROUND
Siden 2022 har Norge hatt en «kun vaksine»-basert strategi for covid-19. Primærhelsetjenesten i Norge bruker ICPC-2-koder. Denne studien har som mål å systematisk sammenligne legemeldt sykefravær og konsultasjoner i primærhelsetjenesten i 2023 med trendene fra før pandemien i perioden 2010–2019, og deretter estimere størrelsen på disse endringene.
METODER
UNASSIGNED
For utfallene (A) tapte arbeidsår (tapte arbeidsdager delt på 250) på grunn av legemeldte sykefravær og (B) antall konsultasjoner i primærhelsetjenesten, ble 556 og 85 ICPC-2-kodekombinasjoner hentet fra NAVs sykefraværsregister og Det norske syndromiske overvåkingssystemet. For hver ICPC-2-kodekombinasjon ble det utført en Bayesiansk lineær regresjon ved bruk av data fra 2010–2019 for å estimere en forventet baseline for 2023, som deretter ble brukt til å beregne avviket fra trendene før pandemien. En falsk oppdagelsesrate på 5% ble brukt.
RESULTATER
UNASSIGNED
Alle år fra 2020 til 2023 viste et overskudd av tapte arbeidsår, tilsvarende 14 491 (90% PI: 8935 til 20 016) i 2020, 12 911 (90% PI: 5916 til 19 996) i 2021, 21 263 (90% PI: 12 627 til 29 864) i 2022 og 24 466 (90% PI: 14 023 til 34 705) i 2023. Dette tilsvarte et økonomisk tap på omtrent 16,7 milliarder NOK i 2023. Overskuddet i tapte arbeidsår pga. A* (Allment og uspesifisert) økte fra 2020 til 2023, med et beregnet overskudd på 4136 tapte arbeidsår i 2023 (69% høyere enn forventet). Mer enn halvparten av denne økningen ble forklart av A04 (Slapphet/tretthet), hvor overskudd i tapte arbeidsår i 2023 ble beregnet til 2640 (80% høyere enn forventet). Overskuddet i A04 (Slapphet/tretthet) tilsvarte et økonomisk tap på 1,8 milliarder NOK. Overskuddet i tapte arbeidsår pga. R* (Luftveier) i 2023 var 3408, noe som tilsvarte et økonomisk tap på 2,3 milliarder NOK og utgjorde 14% av det totale overskuddet i 2023.
FORTOLKNING
UNASSIGNED
Betydelig overskudd i både tapte arbeidsår på grunn av legemeldt sykefravær og konsultasjoner i primærhelsetjenesten i 2023. En betydelig del av overskuddene skyldes sykdommer/symptomer knyttet til akutt covid-19 og senfølger av covid-19.
Autres résumés
Type: Publisher
(nor)
Siden 2022 har Norge hatt en «kun vaksine»-basert strategi for covid-19. Primærhelsetjenesten i Norge bruker ICPC-2-koder. Denne studien har som mål å systematisk sammenligne legemeldt sykefravær og konsultasjoner i primærhelsetjenesten i 2023 med trendene fra før pandemien i perioden 2010–2019, og deretter estimere størrelsen på disse endringene.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39438966
doi: 10.1186/s13690-024-01411-4
pii: 10.1186/s13690-024-01411-4
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
187Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
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