Dengue-Associated Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy Is an Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy Variant Rather than a Mimic: Evidence From a Systematic Review.

Acute necrotizing encephalopathy Bilateral concentric thalamic lesions Dengue virus encephalitis Disability outcomes Mortality

Journal

Pediatric neurology
ISSN: 1873-5150
Titre abrégé: Pediatr Neurol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8508183

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
27 Sep 2024
Historique:
received: 14 05 2024
revised: 16 08 2024
accepted: 18 09 2024
medline: 24 10 2024
pubmed: 24 10 2024
entrez: 23 10 2024
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Bilateral hemorrhagic thalamic lesions in dengue encephalitis resemble lesions seen in acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE). We investigate whether dengue-associated ANE (DANE) should be considered an ANE variant or a mimic. Systematic review of dengue encephalitis literature from PubMed and SCOPUS (inception to December 31, 2022). Diagnostic criteria for ANE, acute encephalitis (AE), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), and infection-triggered encephalopathy syndromes were applied. Data on 162 patients (median age 20 [0.4 to 79] years; 69 [42.3%] female; 72 [44.4%] aged ≤18 years) from 103 articles were analyzed. DANE (62, 38.3%) was the commonest, followed by AE (56, 34.6%) and ADEM (27, 16.7%). The main clinical features were fever (100%), thrombocytopenia (79.0%), headache (57.8%), and seizures (43.7%). Patients with DANE had earlier neurological deterioration (3.5 [1 to 8] vs 5 [1 to 14] days in other encephalitis syndromes, P = 0.0127), seizures (54.2% vs 37.4%, P = 0.0471), higher cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein (0.92 [0.18 to 4.8] vs 0.73 [1 to 16] g/L, P = 0.0469), thalamic (100% vs 8.0%) and hemorrhagic brain lesions (73.3% vs 7.5%, P < 0.0001). CSF pleocytosis and positive CSF dengue IgM/viral polymerase chain reaction were reported in 66.7% and 78.6% with DANE. Mortality was 16.1% in DANE, and 40.6% of survivors had disability. High-risk ANE severity scores predicted poor outcomes (positive predictive value 64.3% [95% confidence interval 38.8% to 83.7%]). DANE differs from other dengue encephalitis syndromes and is clinicoradiologically indistinguishable from sporadic ANE with sufficient evidence to be considered an ANE variant.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Bilateral hemorrhagic thalamic lesions in dengue encephalitis resemble lesions seen in acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE). We investigate whether dengue-associated ANE (DANE) should be considered an ANE variant or a mimic.
METHODS METHODS
Systematic review of dengue encephalitis literature from PubMed and SCOPUS (inception to December 31, 2022). Diagnostic criteria for ANE, acute encephalitis (AE), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), and infection-triggered encephalopathy syndromes were applied.
RESULTS RESULTS
Data on 162 patients (median age 20 [0.4 to 79] years; 69 [42.3%] female; 72 [44.4%] aged ≤18 years) from 103 articles were analyzed. DANE (62, 38.3%) was the commonest, followed by AE (56, 34.6%) and ADEM (27, 16.7%). The main clinical features were fever (100%), thrombocytopenia (79.0%), headache (57.8%), and seizures (43.7%). Patients with DANE had earlier neurological deterioration (3.5 [1 to 8] vs 5 [1 to 14] days in other encephalitis syndromes, P = 0.0127), seizures (54.2% vs 37.4%, P = 0.0471), higher cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein (0.92 [0.18 to 4.8] vs 0.73 [1 to 16] g/L, P = 0.0469), thalamic (100% vs 8.0%) and hemorrhagic brain lesions (73.3% vs 7.5%, P < 0.0001). CSF pleocytosis and positive CSF dengue IgM/viral polymerase chain reaction were reported in 66.7% and 78.6% with DANE. Mortality was 16.1% in DANE, and 40.6% of survivors had disability. High-risk ANE severity scores predicted poor outcomes (positive predictive value 64.3% [95% confidence interval 38.8% to 83.7%]).
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
DANE differs from other dengue encephalitis syndromes and is clinicoradiologically indistinguishable from sporadic ANE with sufficient evidence to be considered an ANE variant.

Identifiants

pubmed: 39442246
pii: S0887-8994(24)00346-1
doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2024.09.021
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

208-215

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of competing interest All authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Auteurs

Sophie Barron (S)

Neurology Department, James Cook University Hospital, South Tees Hospitals NHS Trust, Middlesborough, United Kingdom.

Velda X Han (VX)

Department of Paediatrics, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.

Juhi Gupta (J)

Department of Pediatrics, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

Lokesh Lingappa (L)

Department of Pediatric Neurology, Rainbow Children's Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Naveen Sankhyan (N)

Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Terrence Thomas (T)

Neurology Service, Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address: Terrence.Thomas@singhealth.com.sg.

Classifications MeSH