Bone strength and residual compressive stress in apatite crystals.

Residual stresses are omnipresent in composite materials due to fabrication processes. Residual compressive stresses were recently also observed to develop in collagen fibrils during mineralization and residual strains have been reported in a range of bony materials spanning tooth dentin to mammalian and fish bones. Treatments by heat or by irradiation show that compressive residual stresses up the 100 MPa can be released in the mineral by inducing damage to the collagen fibers. This mini-review assembles some of the knowledge about residual stresses in bony nanocomposites and uses a composite model to argue that residual stresses play a major role in enhancing the strength of bone.

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Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.