Small Extracellular Vesicles in the Pericardium Modulate Macrophage Immunophenotype in Coronary Artery Disease.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major health issue. This study focused on pericardial macrophages and small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) in CAD. The macrophages in CAD patients showed reduced expression of protective markers and unchanged levels of proinflammatory receptors. Similar changes were observed in buffy-coat-derived macrophages when stimulated with CAD pericardial fluid-derived sEVs. The sEV contained miRNA-6516-5p, which inhibited CD36 and affected macrophage lipid uptake. These findings indicate that sEV-mediated miRNA actions contribute to the decrease in protective pericardial macrophages in CAD.

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© 2024 The Authors.

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This study was supported by the British Heart Foundation (BHF) Programme Grant-RG/15/5/31446 and Personal Chair Awards-CH/15/1/31199 (to Dr Emanueli); BHF Transitional Fellowship (Imperial College London BHF Centre of Research Excellence-RE/18/4/34215) and BHF Project Grant (BHF- PG/23/11336) (both to Dr Ben-Aicha); UKRI Postdoctoral Fellowship-EP/X023729/1 (to Dr Martino); a grant from The Leducq Foundation (to Dr Sattler); PLEC2021–007664-Unión Europea NextGeneration EU/PRTR, grant PID2021-128891OB-I00, and grant M-ERA-NET-3 / PCI2023-143431 - European Funds (all to Dr Vilahur). This study was also funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, A way of making Europe. This manuscript was also supported by the UK National Institute of Heart Research (NIHR) for funding this research. The authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose.