Comparison of repeated toxicity of polyhexamethyleneguanidine phosphate, a causative agent of humidifier disinfectant tragedy, in young and adult mice.
Inflammation
Juvenile mice
Polyhexamethyleneguanidine
Pulmonary toxicity
Journal
Scientific reports
ISSN: 2045-2322
Titre abrégé: Sci Rep
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101563288
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
24 Oct 2024
24 Oct 2024
Historique:
received:
31
07
2024
accepted:
09
10
2024
medline:
25
10
2024
pubmed:
25
10
2024
entrez:
25
10
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Some drugs or chemicals exhibit different safety profiles in newborns/young children compared to adults. Polyhexamethyleneguanidine phosphate (PHMG-P) has been implicated in the humidifier disinfectant tragedy in 2011. There are limited reports on the toxicity of PHMG-P in neonatal animals. This study aimed to assess the toxicity of PHMG-P in neonates and to compare toxicity between young and adult mice. Mice aged 7-10 days and 8 weeks were anesthetized with isoflurane and then intranasally instilled with 0.9 mg/kg and 1.5 mg/kg PHMG-P once weekly for 4 weeks. The control group was given a corresponding volume of saline intranasally. Approximately 20 h after the 4th instillation, all mice (juveniles aged 28‒31 days and adults aged 11 weeks) were euthanized. Assessments included body weights, organ weights, cytokine production, and histopathological examinations. Both juvenile and adult mice exhibited significant pulmonary toxicity. There were no significant changes in body weight in either male or female juveniles, whereas adult mice experienced 5.0‒22.2% weight loss. However, lung weights increased in both age groups, accompanied by rises in cytokines and chemokines. Histopathological analyses revealed significant lung changes in both juvenile and adult mice, including immune cell infiltration, foamy macrophage, and granulomatous inflammation. PHMG-P is known to cause inflammation and fibrotic changes in rodents and humans that persist even during long recovery periods. Further research is required to explore the long-term health effects of PHMG-P following repeated early-life exposure.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39448742
doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-75936-7
pii: 10.1038/s41598-024-75936-7
doi:
Substances chimiques
Disinfectants
0
Guanidines
0
polyhexamethyleneguanidine
31961-54-3
Cytokines
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Comparative Study
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
25213Subventions
Organisme : National Research Foundation of Korea
ID : NRF-2021R1F1A1061858
Organisme : Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea
ID : KK-2405-01
Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
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