Airborne ultrafine particle concentrations and brain cancer incidence in Canada's two largest cities.


Journal

Environment international
ISSN: 1873-6750
Titre abrégé: Environ Int
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 7807270

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
19 Oct 2024
Historique:
received: 21 06 2024
revised: 11 10 2024
accepted: 18 10 2024
medline: 29 10 2024
pubmed: 29 10 2024
entrez: 28 10 2024
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Malignant brain tumours are rare, but are important to study because survival rates are low and few modifiable risk factors have been identified. Existing evidence suggests that outdoor ultrafine particles (UFPs; particulate matter < 100 nm; sometimes referred to as nanoparticles) can deposit in the brain and could encourage initiation and progression of cancerous tumours, but epidemiological data are limited. High-resolution estimates of outdoor UFP concentrations and size were linked to residential locations of approximately 1.5 million people in Montreal and Toronto, Canada from 2001 to 2015. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate associations between annual average outdoor UFPs and malignant brain tumour incidence while adjusting for potential confounding factors including other outdoor air pollutants. In total, 1365 incident brain tumour cases occurred during follow-up. Consistent positive associations were observed between long-term exposures to outdoor UFPs and brain tumour incidence with increased risk ranging from 10.5% (95% CI: -1.4, 24.0%) to 15.3% (95% CI: 0.4, 32.5%) per 10,000 particle/cm Our results suggest that long-term exposures to outdoor UFPs are associated with an increased risk of developing malignant brain tumours. On an absolute scale, the magnitude of this risk translates into approximately 24 additional cases per year per 10,000 particle/cm Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Foundation Grant and The United States Health Effects Institute (HEI).

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Malignant brain tumours are rare, but are important to study because survival rates are low and few modifiable risk factors have been identified. Existing evidence suggests that outdoor ultrafine particles (UFPs; particulate matter < 100 nm; sometimes referred to as nanoparticles) can deposit in the brain and could encourage initiation and progression of cancerous tumours, but epidemiological data are limited.
METHODS METHODS
High-resolution estimates of outdoor UFP concentrations and size were linked to residential locations of approximately 1.5 million people in Montreal and Toronto, Canada from 2001 to 2015. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate associations between annual average outdoor UFPs and malignant brain tumour incidence while adjusting for potential confounding factors including other outdoor air pollutants.
FINDINGS RESULTS
In total, 1365 incident brain tumour cases occurred during follow-up. Consistent positive associations were observed between long-term exposures to outdoor UFPs and brain tumour incidence with increased risk ranging from 10.5% (95% CI: -1.4, 24.0%) to 15.3% (95% CI: 0.4, 32.5%) per 10,000 particle/cm
INTERPRETATION CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that long-term exposures to outdoor UFPs are associated with an increased risk of developing malignant brain tumours. On an absolute scale, the magnitude of this risk translates into approximately 24 additional cases per year per 10,000 particle/cm
FUNDING BACKGROUND
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Foundation Grant and The United States Health Effects Institute (HEI).

Identifiants

pubmed: 39467481
pii: S0160-4120(24)00674-3
doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.109088
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

109088

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: [Scott Weichenthal reports financial support was provided by Canadian Institutes of Health Research. Scott Weichenthal reports financial support was provided by United States Health Effects Institute. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.].

Auteurs

Marshall Lloyd (M)

McGill University, Montreal, Canada.

Toyib Olaniyan (T)

Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Canada.

Arman Ganji (A)

University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

Junshi Xu (J)

University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

Leora Simon (L)

McGill University, Montreal, Canada.

Mingqian Zhang (M)

University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

Milad Saeedi (M)

University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

Shoma Yamanouchi (S)

University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

An Wang (A)

University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

Richard T Burnett (RT)

Health Canada, Ottawa Canada.

Michael Tjepkema (M)

Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Canada.

Marianne Hatzopoulou (M)

University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

Scott Weichenthal (S)

McGill University, Montreal, Canada. Electronic address: scottandrew.weichenthal@mcgill.ca.

Classifications MeSH