Factors associated with utilization of oral health services among adults aged 18-70 years in Lira district, Northern Uganda: a community based cross-sectional study.
Humans
Uganda
Cross-Sectional Studies
Middle Aged
Adult
Adolescent
Female
Male
Aged
Young Adult
Dental Health Services
/ statistics & numerical data
Educational Status
Health Services Accessibility
/ statistics & numerical data
Patient Acceptance of Health Care
/ statistics & numerical data
Age Factors
Oral health
Utilization
Journal
BMC oral health
ISSN: 1472-6831
Titre abrégé: BMC Oral Health
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101088684
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
30 Oct 2024
30 Oct 2024
Historique:
received:
26
10
2023
accepted:
18
10
2024
medline:
31
10
2024
pubmed:
31
10
2024
entrez:
31
10
2024
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Utilization of oral health services is a global public health challenge. Low- and middle-income countries are disproportionately affected. Uganda is one of the low- and middle-income countries where only 4% of the population has access to oral health services. Northern Uganda is one of the regions in the country with limited information about oral health utilization. To assess factors associated with utilization of oral health services among adults aged 18-70 years in Lira district, Northern Uganda. This was a quantitative cross-sectional study conducted in Lira District. Multistage sampling was used to select 576 respondents. Data was collected using a researcher-administered structured questionnaire that was adopted, modified, and pretested. Data was analyzed at three levels, including univariate, bivariate, and multivariate at 0.05 significance level. Of the 634 respondents, 576 responded, giving a 90.9% response rate. Results show that utilization of oral health services was 20.5% (118) among adults aged 18-70 years in 6 months. Predictors of utilization of oral services among this age group are: having not attended any formal education (AOR = 0.2, 95%CI 0.06-0.62), having poor attitudes towards oral health services (AOR = 0.55, 95%CI 0.34-0.89), having cultural influence on the utilization of the oral health services (AOR = 4.84, 95% CI 2.77-8.43), accessing the services from private not-for-profit facilities (AOR = 4.67, 95% CI 1.79-12.16), being un sure of the availability of the equipment used (AOR = 0.42, 95% CI 0.18-0.9), and availability of friendly services (AOR = 2.53, 95% CI 1.12-5.50). Utilization of oral health services is low in Lira district, with only 2 in 10 of the adults aged 18-70years of age utilizing oral health services in 6 months. To improve utilization, targeted health education campaigns should address cultural barriers and attitudes, while ensuring that public health facilities are better equipped and provide more user-friendly services.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Utilization of oral health services is a global public health challenge. Low- and middle-income countries are disproportionately affected. Uganda is one of the low- and middle-income countries where only 4% of the population has access to oral health services. Northern Uganda is one of the regions in the country with limited information about oral health utilization.
OBJECTIVE
OBJECTIVE
To assess factors associated with utilization of oral health services among adults aged 18-70 years in Lira district, Northern Uganda.
METHODS
METHODS
This was a quantitative cross-sectional study conducted in Lira District. Multistage sampling was used to select 576 respondents. Data was collected using a researcher-administered structured questionnaire that was adopted, modified, and pretested. Data was analyzed at three levels, including univariate, bivariate, and multivariate at 0.05 significance level.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Of the 634 respondents, 576 responded, giving a 90.9% response rate. Results show that utilization of oral health services was 20.5% (118) among adults aged 18-70 years in 6 months. Predictors of utilization of oral services among this age group are: having not attended any formal education (AOR = 0.2, 95%CI 0.06-0.62), having poor attitudes towards oral health services (AOR = 0.55, 95%CI 0.34-0.89), having cultural influence on the utilization of the oral health services (AOR = 4.84, 95% CI 2.77-8.43), accessing the services from private not-for-profit facilities (AOR = 4.67, 95% CI 1.79-12.16), being un sure of the availability of the equipment used (AOR = 0.42, 95% CI 0.18-0.9), and availability of friendly services (AOR = 2.53, 95% CI 1.12-5.50).
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
CONCLUSIONS
Utilization of oral health services is low in Lira district, with only 2 in 10 of the adults aged 18-70years of age utilizing oral health services in 6 months. To improve utilization, targeted health education campaigns should address cultural barriers and attitudes, while ensuring that public health facilities are better equipped and provide more user-friendly services.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39478606
doi: 10.1186/s12903-024-05082-z
pii: 10.1186/s12903-024-05082-z
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1322Informations de copyright
© 2024. The Author(s).
Références
WHO. Oral health [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2023 May 2]. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/oral-health
Seminario AL, DeRouen T, Cholera M, Liu J, Phantumvanit P, Kemoli A et al. Mitigating Global Oral Health Inequalities: Research Training Programs in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Ann Glob Health [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2024 Apr 18];86(1). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7646278/
Mwesigwa CL, Okumu BA, Kirabo-Nagemi C, Ejuu E, Kruger E, Tennant M. Mapping the geographic availability of public dental services in Uganda relative to ruralization and poverty of the population. J Glob Oral Health [Internet]. 2020 Feb 29 [cited 2023 May 2];2(2):86–92. https://jglobaloralhealth.org/mapping-the-geographic-availability-of-public-dental-services-in-uganda-relative-to-ruralization-and-poverty-of-the-population/
MOH. National Oral Health Policy [Internet]. Ministry of Health | Government of Uganda. 2007 [cited 2023 Oct 16]. https://www.health.go.ug/cause/national-oral-health-policy/
WHO. Global oral health status report: towards universal health coverage for oral health by 2030 [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2023 May 2]. https://www.who.int/publications-detail-redirect/9789240061484
Kutesa A, Kasangaki A, Nkamba M, Muwazi L, Okullo I, Rwenyonyi CM. Prevalence and factors associated with dental caries among children and adults in selected districts in Uganda. Afr Health Sci [Internet]. 2015 Dec [cited 2024 Apr 29];15(4):1302–7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4765403/
WHO. Promoting Oral Health in Africa: Prevention and control of oral diseases and noma as part of essential noncommunicable disease interventions [Internet]. 2016. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/205886/1/9789290232971.pdf
Khusanovich KBRCF, TYPES AND APPLICATIONS OF DENTAL COMPLIMENTS. J Mod Educ Achiev [Internet]. 2023 Apr 6 [cited 2023 May 2];5(5):95–9. https://scopusacademia.org/index.php/jmea/article/view/157
Effect of Oral Health on the Community. Overall Well-Being, and the Economy. In: Oral Health in America: Advances and Challenges [Internet] [Internet]. National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research(US); 2021 [cited 2023 May 2]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK578297/
Chikuni W, Amalimeh BE, Agholor CN. Utilisation of oral health services and associated factors in a sub-urban population in Western Uganda. International Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharma Research. 2023;9(2):2023;1–12. https://doi.org/10.22270/ijmspr.v9i2.71 .
Arineitwe S. Factors Affecting Utilization of Oral and Dental Services among Patients attending Dental Clinic at Katate Health Center IV, Kanungu District. A Cross-sectional study. Stud J Health Res Afr [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2024 Apr 29];4(3):17–17. https://www.sjhresearchafrica.org/index.php/public-html/article/view/302
Vieira ACF, Alves CMC, Rodrigues VP, Ribeiro CCC, Gomes-Filho IS, Lopes FF. Oral, systemic and socioeconomic factors associated with preterm birth. Women Birth [Internet]. 2019 Feb 1 [cited 2023 Oct 26];32(1):e12–6. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871519217306005
Jordão LMR, Malta DC, Freire M. do CM. Simultaneous oral health risk behaviors among adolescents: evidence from the National School-based Student Health Survey. Rev Bras Epidemiol [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2023 Oct 26];21. https://www.scielo.br/j/rbepid/a/jXjvwbK3HTc4HKY4ZZGdmsf/?lang=en
Ocwia J, Olum R, Atim P, Laker F, Okot J, Sereke SG et al. Oral health seeking behaviors of adults in Nebbi District, Uganda: a community-based survey. BMC Oral Health [Internet]. 2021 Sep 17 [cited 2023 May 2];21(1):453. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-021-01824-5
DHI. National Health Facility Master List [Internet]. uganda. 2017. http://library.health.go.ug
Okello H, Kalungi VC, Knowledge. Attitude and Practices towards Oral Hygiene among Adults (18-45yrs) in Lira Regional Referral Hospital, Lira City. A Cross-sectional Study. Stud J Health Res Afr [Internet]. 2022 Jun 30 [cited 2023 May 2];3(6):15–15. https://sjhresearchafrica.org/index.php/public-html/article/view/160
LDLG. Health [Internet]. Lira District. 2011 [cited 2024 Jul 22]. https://liradistrict.com/health/
Auma B, Musinguzi M, Ojuka E, Kigongo E, Tumwesigye R, Acup W et al. Prevalence of diarrhea and water sanitation and hygiene (WASH) associated factors among children under five years in Lira City Northern Uganda: Community based study. Plos One [Internet]. 2024 [cited 2024 Jun 18];19(6):e0305054. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0305054
Kish L. Sampling organizations and groups of unequal sizes. Am Sociol Rev. 1965;30(4):564–72. https://doi.org/10.2307/2091346 .
WHO. Preparing the sample [Internet]. 2017. https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/ncds/ncd-surveillance/steps/part2-section2.pdf?sfvrsn=9c33a896_2#:~:text=Note%3A%20The%20value%201.50%20is,previous%20estimates%20for%20design%20effect
Araujo MEA, Silva MT, Galvao TF, Pereira MG. Prevalence of health services usage and associated factors in the Amazon region of Brazil: a population-based cross-sectional study. BMJ Open [Internet]. 2017 Nov 1 [cited 2024 Jul 22];7(11):e017966. https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/7/11/e017966
Gao X, Ding M, Xu M, Wu H, Zhang C, Wang X, et al. Utilization of dental services and associated factors among preschool children in China. BMC Oral Health. 2020;20:1–10.
doi: 10.1186/s12903-019-0996-x
Shirahase R, Watanabe Y, Saito T, Sunakawa Y, Matsushita Y, Tsugayasu H et al. A Cross-Sectional Study on the Relationship between Oral Function and Sarcopenia in Japanese Patients with Regular Dental Maintenance. Int J Environ Res Public Health [Internet]. 2022 Apr 24 [cited 2023 May 7];19(9):5178. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9099729/
Gambhir RS, Brar P, Singh G, Sofat A, Kakar H. Utilization of dental care: An Indian outlook. J Nat Sci Biol Med [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2024 Jul 24];4(2):292–7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3783767/
Ministry of Health. Kenya NationalOral Health Survey Report [Internet]. 2015. https://profiles.uonbi.ac.ke/gathece/files/kenya_national_oral_health_survey_report_2015.pdf>
Okoye L, Ekwueme O. Prevalence of Dental Caries in a Nigerian Rural Community: A Preliminary Local Survey. Ann Med Health Sci Res [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2023 May 7];1(2):187–95. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3507107/
Ghanbarzadegan A, Mittinty M, Brennan DS, Jamieson LM. The effect of education on dental service utilization patterns in different sectors: A multiple mediation analysis. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2024 Jul 24];51(6):1093–9. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/ https://doi.org/10.1111/cdoe.12838
Sidharthan S, Ramanarayanan V, Karuveettil V, Ravindran GC. Utilization of dental health services and its associated factors among adult population in Ernakulam district, Kerala, India: A mixed-method analysis. J Oral Biol Craniofacial Res [Internet]. 2024 [cited 2024 Jul 24];14(2):133–42. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10862006/
Nagdev P, Iyer MR, Naik S, Khanagar SB, Awawdeh M, Al Kheraif AA et al. Andersen health care utilization model: A survey on factors affecting the utilization of dental health services among school children. PLOS ONE [Internet]. 2023 Jun 15 [cited 2024 Jul 24];18(6):e0286945. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10270576/
Okoroafor CC, Okobi OE, Owodeha-ashaka M, Okobi E, Oluseye B, Ekpang OB et al. Dental Health Knowledge Attitude and Practice Among University of Calabar Students. Cureus [Internet]. 2023 Jun [cited 2024 Jul 24];15(6). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10325694/
Becker MH, The Health Belief Model and Sick Role Behavior*. Health Educ Monogr [Internet]. 1974 Dec 1 [cited 2023 Jul 25]; https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/109019817400200407
Marcus K, Balasubramanian M, Short S, Sohn W. Barriers and facilitators to dental care among culturally and linguistically diverse carers: A mixed-methods systematic review. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2023 Apr 8];51(2):327–44. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/ https://doi.org/10.1111/cdoe.12745
Chopra M, Mohan Marya C, Nagpal R. Culture and Oral Health [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2023 Apr 8]. https://www.grin.com/document/295206
Ssennyonjo A, Namakula J, Kasyaba R, Orach S, Bennett S, Ssengooba F. Government resource contributions to the private-not-for-profit sector in Uganda: evolution, adaptations and implications for universal health coverage. Int J Equity Health [Internet]. 2018 Oct 5 [cited 2023 Apr 8];17(1):130. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-018-0843-8
Nyamuryekung’e KK, Lahti SM, Tuominen RJ. The relative patient costs and availability of dental services, materials and equipment in public oral care facilities in Tanzania. BMC Oral Health [Internet]. 2015 Jul 1 [cited 2023 Apr 8];15(1):74. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-015-0061-3
Gao X, Ding M, Xu M, Wu H, Zhang C, Wang X et al. Utilization of dental services and associated factors among preschool children in China. BMC Oral Health [Internet]. 2020 Jan 8 [cited 2023 Apr 8];20(1):9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-019-0996-x
Hu X, Fan X, Tian J, Zhang B, Huang R. Utilization of dental care service and associated factors among pre-school children in northwest China over the past decade. BMC Oral Health [Internet]. 2023 Jan 30 [cited 2023 Apr 8];23(1):54. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-02736-2