Ocular Complications of Mpox: Evolving Understanding and Future Directions.
Journal
International ophthalmology clinics
ISSN: 1536-9617
Titre abrégé: Int Ophthalmol Clin
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0374731
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 Oct 2024
01 Oct 2024
Historique:
medline:
31
10
2024
pubmed:
31
10
2024
entrez:
31
10
2024
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Mpox (formerly known as monkeypox), an infectious disease caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), has been endemic in regions of Central and Western Africa. In 2022, the global spread of the clade IIb MPXV led to a multinational outbreak, primarily affecting sexual transmission networks among men who have sex with men. Despite interventions, new cases have continued to emerge. In Africa, the spread of a novel strain of clade I MPXV, clade Ib, has prompted a Public Health Emergency of International Concern designation by the World Health Organization in August 2024. This article provides an updated overview of the epidemiology, systemic, and ocular manifestations, highlighting the clinical features, diagnostic testing, and implications relevant to ophthalmologists and eye care providers, including infection prevention and control measures. The ocular manifestations of mpox primarily involve the ocular surface and anterior segment, with presentations ranging from conjunctivitis to severe, vision-threatening keratitis and uveitis. While the 2022 to 2024 Clade IIb outbreak has shown a lower incidence of ocular involvement compared with previous outbreaks, the potential for significant visual morbidity remains. Treatment involves both systemic and topical therapies, with tecovirimat being the primary systemic option, though its efficacy and ophthalmic bioavailability remain under investigation. Ongoing surveillance and research are essential to further understand the epidemiology and ophthalmic features of mpox and, ultimately, to optimize prevention and treatment strategies for patients.
Identifiants
pubmed: 39480204
doi: 10.1097/IIO.0000000000000536
pii: 00004397-202406440-00004
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
15-22Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
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