Joan Machamer

Affiliations

1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.

Publications (18)

Functional Status Examination versus Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended as Outcome Measures in Traumatic Brain Injuries: How Do They Compare?

Journal of neurotrauma

Avec: Sureyya Dikmen , Joan Machamer , Geoffrey T Manley , Esther L Yuh , Lindsay D Nelson , Nancy R Temkin , Auteur inconnu

Symptomatic treatment of botulism with a clinically approved small molecule.

JCI insight

Avec: Edwin Vazquez-Cintron , James Machamer , Celinia Ondeck , Kathleen Pagarigan , Brittany Winner , Paige Bodner , Kyle Kelly , M Ross Pennington , Patrick McNutt

The Roles of Protocols and Protocolization in Improving Outcome From Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

Neurosurgery

Avec: Randall M Chesnut , Nancy Temkin , Walter Videtta , Silvia Lujan , Gustavo Petroni , Jim Pridgeon , Sureyya Dikmen , Kelley Chaddock , Terence Hendrix , Jason Barber , Joan Machamer , Nahuel Guadagnoli , Peter Hendrickson , Victor Alanis , Gustavo La Fuente , Arturo Lavadenz , Roberto Merida , Freddy Sandi Lora , Ricardo Romero , Oscar Pinillos , Zulma Urbina , Jairo Figueroa , Marcelo Ochoa , Rafael Davila , Jacobo Mora , Luis Bustamante , Carlos Perez , Jorge Leiva , Carlos Carricondo , Ana Maria Mazzola , Juan Guerra

Risk of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Major Depression in Civilian Patients After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study.

JAMA psychiatry

Avec: Murray B Stein , Sonia Jain , Joseph T Giacino , Harvey Levin , Sureyya Dikmen , Lindsay D Nelson , Mary J Vassar , David O Okonkwo , Ramon Diaz-Arrastia , Claudia S Robertson , Pratik Mukherjee , Michael McCrea , Christine L Mac Donald , John K Yue , Esther Yuh , Xiaoying Sun , Laura Campbell-Sills , Nancy Temkin , Geoffrey T Manley , Auteur inconnu , Opeolu Adeoye , Neeraj Badjatia , Kim Boase , Yelena Bodien , M Ross Bullock , Randall Chesnut , John D Corrigan , Karen Crawford , Ramon Diaz-Arrastia , Sureyya Dikmen , Ann-Christine Duhaime , Richard Ellenbogen , V Ramana Feeser , Adam Ferguson , Brandon Foreman , Raquel Gardner , Etienne Gaudette , Joseph T Giacino , Luis Gonzalez , Shankar Gopinath , Rao Gullapalli , J Claude Hemphill , Gillian Hotz , Sonia Jain , Frederick Korley , Joel Kramer , Natalie Kreitzer , Harvey Levin , Chris Lindsell , Joan Machamer , Christopher Madden , Alastair Martin , Thomas McAllister , Michael McCrea , Randall Merchant , Pratik Mukherjee , Lindsay D Nelson , Florence Noel , David O Okonkwo , Eva Palacios , Daniel Perl , Ava Puccio , Miri Rabinowitz , Claudia S Robertson , Jonathan Rosand , Angelle Sander , Gabriela Satris , David Schnyer , Seth Seabury , Mark Sherer , Murray B Stein , Sabrina Taylor , Arthur Toga , Nancy Temkin , Alex Valadka , Mary J Vassar , Paul Vespa , Kevin Wang , John K Yue , Esther Yuh , Ross Zafonte

The Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation as a Novel Therapy for Treating Obstructive Sleep Apnea-A Literature Review.

International journal of environmental research and public health

Avec: Saif Mashaqi , Salma Imran Patel , Daniel Combs , Lauren Estep , Sonia Helmick , Joan Machamer , Sairam Parthasarathy

Pathological Computed Tomography Features Associated With Adverse Outcomes After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study With External Validation in CENTER-TBI.

JAMA neurology

Avec: Esther L Yuh , Sonia Jain , Xiaoying Sun , Dana Pisica , Mark H Harris , Sabrina R Taylor , Amy J Markowitz , Pratik Mukherjee , Jan Verheyden , Joseph T Giacino , Harvey S Levin , Michael McCrea , Murray B Stein , Nancy R Temkin , Ramon Diaz-Arrastia , Claudia S Robertson , Hester F Lingsma , David O Okonkwo , Andrew I R Maas , Geoffrey T Manley , Auteur inconnu , Opeolu Adeoye , Neeraj Badjatia , Kim Boase , Yelena Bodien , John D Corrigan , Karen Crawford , Sureyya Dikmen , Ann-Christine Duhaime , Richard Ellenbogen , V Ramana Feeser , Adam R Ferguson , Brandon Foreman , Raquel Gardner , Etienne Gaudette , Luis Gonzalez , Shankar Gopinath , Rao Gullapalli , J Claude Hemphill , Gillian Hotz , C Dirk Keene , Joel Kramer , Natalie Kreitzer , Chris Lindsell , Joan Machamer , Christopher Madden , Alastair Martin , Thomas McAllister , Randall Merchant , Lindsay Nelson , Laura B Ngwenya , Florence Noel , Amber Nolan , Eva Palacios , Daniel Perl , Miri Rabinowitz , Jonathan Rosand , Angelle Sander , Gabriella Satris , David Schnyer , Seth Seabury , Arthur Toga , Alex Valadka , Mary Vassar , Ross Zafonte

Consensus-Based Management Protocol (CREVICE Protocol) for the Treatment of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Based on Imaging and Clinical Examination for Use When Intracranial Pressure Monitoring Is Not Employed.

Journal of neurotrauma

Avec: Randall M Chesnut , Nancy Temkin , Walter Videtta , Gustavo Petroni , Silvia Lujan , Jim Pridgeon , Sureyya Dikmen , Kelley Chaddock , Jason Barber , Joan Machamer , Nahuel Guadagnoli , Peter Hendrickson , Sergio Aguilera , Victor Alanis , Manuel Enrique Bello Quezada , Ermitaño Bautista Coronel , Luis Alberto Bustamante , Armando C Cacciatori , Carlos Javier Carricondo , Felipe Carvajal , Rafael Davila , Mario Dominguez , Jairo Antonio Figueroa Melgarejo , Maria Martha Fillipi , Daniel A Godoy , Delia Cristina Gomez , Angel J Lacerda Gallardo , Juan Antonio Guerra Garcia , Gustavo la Fuente Zerain , Luis Arturo Lavadenz Cuientas , Cecilio Lequipe , Gerardo Vicente Grajales Yuca , Manuel Jibaja Vega , Michael Eduardo Kessler , Hubiel J López Delgado , Freddy Sandi Lora , Ana Maria Mazzola , Roberto Merida Maldonado , Natascha Mezquia de Pedro , J Ricardo Martínez Zubieta , Julio C Mijangos Méndez , Jacobo Mora , Johnny Marcelo Ochoa Parra , Perla B Pahnke , Jorge Paranhos , Gustavo R Piñero , Francisco A Rivadeneira Pilacuán , Mario Napoleon Mendez Rivera , Ricardo Luis Romero Figueroa , Andres M Rubiano , Alexandra Matilde Saraguro Orozco , Juan Ignacio Silesky Jiménez , Luis Silva Naranjo , Caridad Soler Morejon , Zulma Urbina

Central Curation of Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended Data: Lessons Learned from TRACK-TBI.

Journal of neurotrauma

Avec: Kim Boase , Joan Machamer , Nancy R Temkin , Sureyya Dikmen , Lindsay Wilson , Lindsay D Nelson , Jason Barber , Yelena G Bodien , Joseph T Giacino , Amy J Markowitz , Michael A McCrea , Gabriela Satris , Murray B Stein , Sabrina R Taylor , Geoffrey T Manley , Auteur inconnu

Traumatic Brain Injuries Impact on School One Month and One Year After Injury.

Neurotrauma reports

Avec: Erik B Philipson , Joan Machamer , Sureyya Dikmen , Nancy Temkin

The Functional Status Examination in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Sub-Study.

Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists

Avec: Evan Zahniser , Nancy R Temkin , Joan Machamer , Jason Barber , Geoffrey T Manley , Amy J Markowitz , Sureyya S Dikmen , Auteur inconnu

Symptom Frequency and Persistence in the First Year after Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study.

Journal of neurotrauma

Avec: Joan Machamer , Nancy Temkin , Sureyya Dikmen , Lindsay D Nelson , Jason Barber , Phillip Hwang , Kim Boase , Murray B Stein , Xiaoying Sun , Joseph Giacino , Michael A McCrea , Sabrina R Taylor , Sonia Jain , Geoff Manley , Auteur inconnu

Feasibility and Utility of a Flexible Outcome Assessment Battery for Longitudinal Traumatic Brain Injury Research: A TRACK-TBI Study.

Journal of neurotrauma

Avec: Yelena G Bodien , Jason Barber , Sabrina R Taylor , Kim Boase , John D Corrigan , Sureyya Dikmen , Raquel C Gardner , Joel H Kramer , Harvey Levin , Joan Machamer , Thomas McAllister , Lindsay D Nelson , Laura B Ngwenya , Mark Sherer , Murray B Stein , Mary Vassar , John Whyte , John K Yue , Amy Markowitz , Michael A McCrea , Geoffrey T Manley , Nancy Temkin , Joseph T Giacino

Testing the Impact of Protocolized Care of Patients With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Without Intracranial Pressure Monitoring: The Imaging and Clinical Examination Protocol.

Neurosurgery

Latent Profile Analysis of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Cognitive Function of Adults 2 Weeks After Traumatic Brain Injury: Findings From the TRACK-TBI Study.

JAMA network open

Avec: Benjamin L Brett , Mark D Kramer , John Whyte , Michael A McCrea , Murray B Stein , Joseph T Giacino , Mark Sherer , Amy J Markowitz , Geoffrey T Manley , Lindsay D Nelson , Auteur inconnu , Opeolu Adeoye , Neeraj Badjatia , Kim Boase , Jason Barber , Yelena Bodien , M Ross Bullock , Randall Chesnut , John D Corrigan , Karen Crawford , Ramon Diaz-Arrastia , Sureyya Dikmen , Ann-Christine Duhaime , Richard Ellenbogen , V Ramana Feeser , Adam R Ferguson , Brandon Foreman , Raquel Gardner , Etienne Gaudette , Luis Gonzalez , Shankar Gopinath , Rao Gullapalli , J Claude Hemphill , Gillian Hotz , Sonia Jain , C Dirk Keene , Frederick K Korley , Joel Kramer , Natalie Kreitzer , Harvey Levin , Chris Lindsell , Joan Machamer , Christopher Madden , Alastair Martin , Thomas McAllister , Randall Merchant , Pratik Mukherjee , Laura B Ngwenya , Florence Noel , David Okonkwo , Eva Palacios , Ava Puccio , Miri Rabinowitz , Claudia Robertson , Jonathan Rosand , Angelle Sander , Gabriella Satris , David Schnyer , Seth Seabury , Sabrina Taylor , Nancy Temkin , Arthur Toga , Alex Valadka , Mary Vassar , Kevin Wang , John K Yue , Esther Yuh , Ross Zafonte

Association of Sex and Age With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury-Related Symptoms: A TRACK-TBI Study.

JAMA network open

Avec: Harvey S Levin , Nancy R Temkin , Jason Barber , Lindsay D Nelson , Claudia Robertson , Jeffrey Brennan , Murray B Stein , John K Yue , Joseph T Giacino , Michael A McCrea , Ramon Diaz-Arrastia , Pratik Mukherjee , David O Okonkwo , Kim Boase , Amy J Markowitz , Yelena Bodien , Sabrina Taylor , Mary J Vassar , Geoffrey T Manley , Auteur inconnu , Opeolu Adeoye , Neeraj Badjatia , M Ross Bullock , Randall Chesnut , John D Corrigan , Karen Crawford , Sureyya Dikmen , Ann-Christine Duhaime , Richard Ellenbogen , V Ramana Feeser , Adam R Ferguson , Brandon Foreman , Raquel Gardner , Etienne Gaudette , Luis Gonzalez , Shankar Gopinath , Rao Gullapalli , J Claude Hemphill , Gillian Hotz , Sonia Jain , C Dirk Keene , Frederick K Korley , Joel Kramer , Natalie Kreitzer , Chris Lindsell , Joan Machamer , Christopher Madden , Alastair Martin , Thomas McAllister , Randall Merchant , Amber Nolan , Laura B Ngwenya , Florence Noel , Eva Palacios , Ava Puccio , Miri Rabinowitz , Jonathan Rosand , Angelle Sander , Gabriella Satris , David Schnyer , Seth Seabury , Xiaoying Sun , Arthur Toga , Alex Valadka , Kevin Wang , Esther Yuh , Ross Zafonte

Recovery After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Patients Presenting to US Level I Trauma Centers: A Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) Study.

JAMA neurology

Avec: Lindsay D Nelson , Nancy R Temkin , Sureyya Dikmen , Jason Barber , Joseph T Giacino , Esther Yuh , Harvey S Levin , Michael A McCrea , Murray B Stein , Pratik Mukherjee , David O Okonkwo , Claudia S Robertson , Ramon Diaz-Arrastia , Geoffrey T Manley , Auteur inconnu , Opeolu Adeoye , Neeraj Badjatia , Kim Boase , Yelena Bodien , M Ross Bullock , Randall Chesnut , John D Corrigan , Karen Crawford , Ann-Christine Duhaime , Richard Ellenbogen , V Ramana Feeser , Adam Ferguson , Brandon Foreman , Raquel Gardner , Etienne Gaudette , Luis Gonzalez , Shankar Gopinath , Rao Gullapalli , J Claude Hemphill , Gillian Hotz , Sonia Jain , Frederick Korley , Joel Kramer , Natalie Kreitzer , Chris Lindsell , Joan Machamer , Christopher Madden , Alastair Martin , Thomas McAllister , Randall Merchant , Florence Noel , Eva Palacios , Daniel Perl , Ava Puccio , Miri Rabinowitz , Jonathan Rosand , Angelle Sander , Gabriela Satris , David Schnyer , Seth Seabury , Mark Sherer , Sabrina Taylor , Arthur Toga , Alex Valadka , Mary J Vassar , Paul Vespa , Kevin Wang , John K Yue , Ross Zafonte

Functional Outcomes Over the First Year After Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in the Prospective, Longitudinal TRACK-TBI Study.

JAMA neurology

Avec: Michael A McCrea , Joseph T Giacino , Jason Barber , Nancy R Temkin , Lindsay D Nelson , Harvey S Levin , Sureyya Dikmen , Murray Stein , Yelena G Bodien , Kim Boase , Sabrina R Taylor , Mary Vassar , Pratik Mukherjee , Claudia Robertson , Ramon Diaz-Arrastia , David O Okonkwo , Amy J Markowitz , Geoffrey T Manley , Auteur inconnu , Opeolu Adeoye , Neeraj Badjatia , M Ross Bullock , Randall Chesnut , John D Corrigan , Karen Crawford , Ann-Christine Duhaime , Richard Ellenbogen , V Ramana Feeser , Adam R Ferguson , Brandon Foreman , Raquel Gardner , Etienne Gaudette , Dana Goldman , Luis Gonzalez , Shankar Gopinath , Rao Gullapalli , J Claude Hemphill , Gillian Hotz , Sonia Jain , C Dirk Keene , Frederick K Korley , Joel Kramer , Natalie Kreitzer , Chris Lindsell , Joan Machamer , Christopher Madden , Alastair Martin , Thomas McAllister , Randall Merchant , Laura B Ngwenya , Florence Noel , Amber Nolan , Eva Palacios , Daniel Perl , Ava Puccio , Miri Rabinowitz , Jonathan Rosand , Angelle Sander , Gabriella Satris , David Schnyer , Seth Seabury , Mark Sherer , Arthur Toga , Alex Valadka , Kevin Wang , John K Yue , Esther Yuh , Ross Zafonte

Risk Factors for High Symptom Burden Three Months after Traumatic Brain Injury and Implications for Clinical Trial Design: A Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury Study.

Journal of neurotrauma

Avec: Nancy Temkin , Joan Machamer , Sureyya Dikmen , Lindsay D Nelson , Jason Barber , Phillip H Hwang , Kim Boase , Murray B Stein , Xiaoying Sun , Joseph Giacino , Michael A McCrea , Sabrina R Taylor , Sonia Jain , Geoff Manley , Auteur inconnu

Réseau de co-auteurs

Sureyya Dikmen 16 collaborations

Jason Barber 12 collaborations

Lindsay D Nelson 11 collaborations

None None 11 collaborations

Geoffrey T Manley 10 collaborations

Nancy Temkin 10 collaborations

Murray B Stein 10 collaborations

Kim Boase 10 collaborations

Sonia Jain 9 collaborations

Joseph T Giacino 9 collaborations

Michael A McCrea 8 collaborations

Nancy R Temkin 7 collaborations

Ramon Diaz-Arrastia 7 collaborations

Pratik Mukherjee 7 collaborations

John K Yue 7 collaborations

John D Corrigan 7 collaborations

Thomas McAllister 7 collaborations

David O Okonkwo 6 collaborations

Esther Yuh 6 collaborations

Opeolu Adeoye 6 collaborations

Neeraj Badjatia 6 collaborations

Karen Crawford 6 collaborations

Ann-Christine Duhaime 6 collaborations

Richard Ellenbogen 6 collaborations

V Ramana Feeser 6 collaborations

Brandon Foreman 6 collaborations

Raquel Gardner 6 collaborations

Etienne Gaudette 6 collaborations

Luis Gonzalez 6 collaborations

Shankar Gopinath 6 collaborations

Rao Gullapalli 6 collaborations

J Claude Hemphill 6 collaborations

Gillian Hotz 6 collaborations

Joel Kramer 6 collaborations

Natalie Kreitzer 6 collaborations

Chris Lindsell 6 collaborations

Christopher Madden 6 collaborations

Alastair Martin 6 collaborations

Randall Merchant 6 collaborations

Florence Noel 6 collaborations

Eva Palacios 6 collaborations

Miri Rabinowitz 6 collaborations

Jonathan Rosand 6 collaborations

Angelle Sander 6 collaborations

David Schnyer 6 collaborations

Seth Seabury 6 collaborations

Arthur Toga 6 collaborations

Alex Valadka 6 collaborations

Ross Zafonte 6 collaborations

Sabrina R Taylor 6 collaborations

Amy J Markowitz 6 collaborations

Xiaoying Sun 5 collaborations

Yelena Bodien 5 collaborations

M Ross Bullock 5 collaborations

Randall Chesnut 5 collaborations

Ava Puccio 5 collaborations

Mark Sherer 5 collaborations

Kevin Wang 5 collaborations

Laura B Ngwenya 5 collaborations

Harvey Levin 4 collaborations

Mary J Vassar 4 collaborations

Claudia S Robertson 4 collaborations

Daniel Perl 4 collaborations

Sabrina Taylor 4 collaborations

Harvey S Levin 4 collaborations

Adam R Ferguson 4 collaborations

C Dirk Keene 4 collaborations

Gabriella Satris 4 collaborations

Mary Vassar 4 collaborations

Randall M Chesnut 3 collaborations

Walter Videtta 3 collaborations

Silvia Lujan 3 collaborations

Gustavo Petroni 3 collaborations

Jim Pridgeon 3 collaborations

Kelley Chaddock 3 collaborations

Nahuel Guadagnoli 3 collaborations

Peter Hendrickson 3 collaborations

Victor Alanis 3 collaborations

Freddy Sandi Lora 3 collaborations

Zulma Urbina 3 collaborations

Rafael Davila 3 collaborations

Jacobo Mora 3 collaborations

Ana Maria Mazzola 3 collaborations

Michael McCrea 3 collaborations

Gabriela Satris 3 collaborations

Amber Nolan 3 collaborations

Yelena G Bodien 3 collaborations

Frederick K Korley 3 collaborations

Claudia Robertson 3 collaborations

Esther L Yuh 2 collaborations

Terence Hendrix 2 collaborations

Gustavo La Fuente 2 collaborations

Arturo Lavadenz 2 collaborations

Roberto Merida 2 collaborations

Ricardo Romero 2 collaborations

Oscar Pinillos 2 collaborations

Jairo Figueroa 2 collaborations

Marcelo Ochoa 2 collaborations

Luis Bustamante 2 collaborations

Carlos Perez 2 collaborations

Jorge Leiva 2 collaborations

Carlos Carricondo 2 collaborations

Juan Guerra 2 collaborations

Adam Ferguson 2 collaborations

Frederick Korley 2 collaborations

Paul Vespa 2 collaborations

Joseph Giacino 2 collaborations

Geoff Manley 2 collaborations

John Whyte 2 collaborations

Edwin Vazquez-Cintron 1 collaboration

James Machamer 1 collaboration

Celinia Ondeck 1 collaboration

Kathleen Pagarigan 1 collaboration

Brittany Winner 1 collaboration

Paige Bodner 1 collaboration

Kyle Kelly 1 collaboration

M Ross Pennington 1 collaboration

Patrick McNutt 1 collaboration

Christine L Mac Donald 1 collaboration

Laura Campbell-Sills 1 collaboration

Saif Mashaqi 1 collaboration

Salma Imran Patel 1 collaboration

Daniel Combs 1 collaboration

Lauren Estep 1 collaboration

Sonia Helmick 1 collaboration

Sairam Parthasarathy 1 collaboration

Dana Pisica 1 collaboration

Mark H Harris 1 collaboration

Jan Verheyden 1 collaboration

Hester F Lingsma 1 collaboration

Andrew I R Maas 1 collaboration

Lindsay Nelson 1 collaboration

Sergio Aguilera 1 collaboration

Manuel Enrique Bello Quezada 1 collaboration

Ermitaño Bautista Coronel 1 collaboration

Luis Alberto Bustamante 1 collaboration

Armando C Cacciatori 1 collaboration

Carlos Javier Carricondo 1 collaboration

Felipe Carvajal 1 collaboration

Mario Dominguez 1 collaboration

Jairo Antonio Figueroa Melgarejo 1 collaboration

Maria Martha Fillipi 1 collaboration

Daniel A Godoy 1 collaboration

Delia Cristina Gomez 1 collaboration

Angel J Lacerda Gallardo 1 collaboration

Juan Antonio Guerra Garcia 1 collaboration

Gustavo la Fuente Zerain 1 collaboration

Luis Arturo Lavadenz Cuientas 1 collaboration

Cecilio Lequipe 1 collaboration

Gerardo Vicente Grajales Yuca 1 collaboration

Manuel Jibaja Vega 1 collaboration

Michael Eduardo Kessler 1 collaboration

Hubiel J López Delgado 1 collaboration

Roberto Merida Maldonado 1 collaboration

Natascha Mezquia de Pedro 1 collaboration

J Ricardo Martínez Zubieta 1 collaboration

Julio C Mijangos Méndez 1 collaboration

Johnny Marcelo Ochoa Parra 1 collaboration

Perla B Pahnke 1 collaboration

Jorge Paranhos 1 collaboration

Gustavo R Piñero 1 collaboration

Francisco A Rivadeneira Pilacuán 1 collaboration

Mario Napoleon Mendez Rivera 1 collaboration

Ricardo Luis Romero Figueroa 1 collaboration

Andres M Rubiano 1 collaboration

Alexandra Matilde Saraguro Orozco 1 collaboration

Juan Ignacio Silesky Jiménez 1 collaboration

Luis Silva Naranjo 1 collaboration

Caridad Soler Morejon 1 collaboration

Lindsay Wilson 1 collaboration

Erik B Philipson 1 collaboration

Evan Zahniser 1 collaboration

Sureyya S Dikmen 1 collaboration

Phillip Hwang 1 collaboration

Raquel C Gardner 1 collaboration

Joel H Kramer 1 collaboration

Amy Markowitz 1 collaboration

Benjamin L Brett 1 collaboration

Mark D Kramer 1 collaboration

David Okonkwo 1 collaboration

Jeffrey Brennan 1 collaboration

Murray Stein 1 collaboration

Dana Goldman 1 collaboration

Phillip H Hwang 1 collaboration