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"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment diagnostiquer un déficit en alpha-1-antitrypsine ?",
"position": 1,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Un test sanguin mesure le niveau d'alpha-1-antitrypsine pour confirmer le déficit."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels symptômes indiquent un déficit en alpha-1-antitrypsine ?",
"position": 2,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Essoufflement, toux chronique et maladies hépatiques peuvent indiquer un déficit."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels tests génétiques sont utilisés pour le diagnostic ?",
"position": 3,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Des tests génétiques identifient les mutations du gène SERPINA1 responsables du déficit."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Le diagnostic nécessite-t-il une biopsie hépatique ?",
"position": 4,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Une biopsie hépatique peut être réalisée si des lésions hépatiques sont suspectées."
}
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{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels examens d'imagerie sont recommandés ?",
"position": 5,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Une échographie ou un scanner peut être utilisé pour évaluer l'état du foie et des poumons."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels sont les symptômes pulmonaires du déficit ?",
"position": 6,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les symptômes incluent essoufflement, toux persistante et infections respiratoires fréquentes."
}
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{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Y a-t-il des symptômes hépatiques associés ?",
"position": 7,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, jaunisse, fatigue, et douleurs abdominales peuvent indiquer des problèmes hépatiques."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les symptômes varient-ils selon l'âge ?",
"position": 8,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, les symptômes peuvent apparaître dès l'enfance ou à l'âge adulte, selon la gravité."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment les symptômes évoluent-ils avec le temps ?",
"position": 9,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les symptômes peuvent s'aggraver progressivement, surtout sans traitement approprié."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les symptômes sont-ils similaires à d'autres maladies ?",
"position": 10,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, ils peuvent être confondus avec d'autres maladies pulmonaires ou hépatiques."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Peut-on prévenir le déficit en alpha-1-antitrypsine ?",
"position": 11,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "La prévention est limitée, mais le dépistage précoce peut aider à gérer la maladie."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles habitudes de vie peuvent aider ?",
"position": 12,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Éviter le tabac et l'alcool, et maintenir un poids santé peuvent réduire les risques."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Le vaccin contre la grippe est-il recommandé ?",
"position": 13,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, la vaccination contre la grippe est recommandée pour prévenir les infections respiratoires."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Des conseils nutritionnels sont-ils utiles ?",
"position": 14,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Une alimentation équilibrée peut soutenir la santé du foie et des poumons."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Le suivi médical régulier est-il important ?",
"position": 15,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, des consultations régulières permettent de surveiller l'évolution de la maladie."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quel est le traitement principal pour le déficit ?",
"position": 16,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Le traitement principal est la thérapie de remplacement d'alpha-1-antitrypsine par perfusion."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Des médicaments sont-ils prescrits pour les symptômes ?",
"position": 17,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, des bronchodilatateurs et des corticostéroïdes peuvent être prescrits pour soulager les symptômes."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "La chirurgie est-elle une option de traitement ?",
"position": 18,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Dans les cas graves, une transplantation hépatique peut être envisagée."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Y a-t-il des traitements expérimentaux disponibles ?",
"position": 19,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Des essais cliniques explorent de nouvelles thérapies, mais leur efficacité varie."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment la physiothérapie aide-t-elle ?",
"position": 20,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "La physiothérapie respiratoire peut améliorer la fonction pulmonaire et la qualité de vie."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles sont les complications pulmonaires possibles ?",
"position": 21,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les complications incluent emphysème, infections pulmonaires et insuffisance respiratoire."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Le déficit peut-il causer des maladies hépatiques ?",
"position": 22,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, il peut entraîner des maladies hépatiques comme la cirrhose et le cancer du foie."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Y a-t-il un risque accru de cancer ?",
"position": 23,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, les personnes atteintes de déficit ont un risque accru de cancer du foie."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment le déficit affecte-t-il la qualité de vie ?",
"position": 24,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Il peut réduire la qualité de vie en limitant l'activité physique et en causant des douleurs."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les complications sont-elles réversibles ?",
"position": 25,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Certaines complications peuvent être gérées, mais d'autres peuvent être irréversibles."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels sont les facteurs de risque génétiques ?",
"position": 26,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les antécédents familiaux de déficit en alpha-1-antitrypsine augmentent le risque."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Le tabagisme est-il un facteur de risque ?",
"position": 27,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, le tabagisme aggrave les symptômes et augmente le risque de complications pulmonaires."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "L'exposition à des polluants est-elle préoccupante ?",
"position": 28,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, l'exposition à des polluants environnementaux peut aggraver les symptômes respiratoires."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "L'âge influence-t-il le risque de complications ?",
"position": 29,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, le risque de complications augmente avec l'âge, surtout sans traitement."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les infections respiratoires fréquentes sont-elles un facteur ?",
"position": 30,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, des infections respiratoires fréquentes peuvent aggraver l'état des patients atteints."
}
}
]
}
]
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NCT05541601....