Comment diagnostiquer une dépendance aux benzodiazépines ?

Le diagnostic repose sur l'évaluation des symptômes et l'historique d'utilisation des médicaments.

Quels tests sont utilisés pour évaluer l'usage des benzodiazépines ?

Des tests de dépistage de drogues et des évaluations psychologiques peuvent être utilisés.

Quels critères DSM sont utilisés pour le diagnostic ?

Les critères DSM-5 incluent l'usage excessif et les symptômes de sevrage.

Comment évaluer l'efficacité d'un traitement par benzodiazépines ?

L'efficacité est évaluée par la réduction des symptômes d'anxiété ou d'insomnie.

Quels signes indiquent une surdose de benzodiazépines ?

Les signes incluent confusion, somnolence excessive et difficultés respiratoires.

Quels sont les effets secondaires courants des benzodiazépines ?

Les effets secondaires incluent somnolence, vertiges et troubles de la mémoire.

Comment reconnaître une réaction allergique aux benzodiazépines ?

Les réactions allergiques peuvent se manifester par éruptions cutanées et démangeaisons.

Quels symptômes indiquent un sevrage des benzodiazépines ?

Les symptômes de sevrage incluent anxiété, insomnie et tremblements.

Les benzodiazépines provoquent-elles des troubles cognitifs ?

Oui, elles peuvent entraîner des troubles de la mémoire et de la concentration.

Quels symptômes peuvent nécessiter une consultation médicale urgente ?

Des symptômes comme confusion sévère ou difficultés respiratoires nécessitent une urgence.

Comment prévenir la dépendance aux benzodiazépines ?

La prévention inclut une prescription prudente et une éducation sur les risques.

Quels conseils donner aux patients sur l'utilisation des benzodiazépines ?

Les patients doivent être informés des risques et de l'importance de suivre les prescriptions.

Comment surveiller l'utilisation des benzodiazépines ?

Les médecins doivent effectuer des suivis réguliers pour évaluer l'usage et les effets.

Quelles stratégies non médicamenteuses peuvent aider ?

Des techniques comme la méditation et l'exercice physique peuvent réduire l'anxiété.

Comment sensibiliser sur les risques des benzodiazépines ?

Des campagnes d'information et des ateliers peuvent sensibiliser le public aux risques.

Comment traiter une dépendance aux benzodiazépines ?

Le traitement inclut une désintoxication supervisée et une thérapie comportementale.

Quelles alternatives existent aux benzodiazépines pour l'anxiété ?

Les alternatives incluent les antidépresseurs et les thérapies cognitivo-comportementales.

Comment réduire progressivement l'utilisation des benzodiazépines ?

La réduction doit être progressive, sous supervision médicale pour éviter le sevrage.

Quels médicaments peuvent aider à gérer le sevrage ?

Des médicaments comme le diazépam peuvent être utilisés pour atténuer les symptômes de sevrage.

Quelle est la durée recommandée pour l'utilisation des benzodiazépines ?

L'utilisation est généralement recommandée pour une courte durée, souvent moins de 4 semaines.

Quelles complications peuvent survenir avec l'usage prolongé ?

L'usage prolongé peut entraîner des troubles cognitifs et une dépendance sévère.

Comment les benzodiazépines affectent-elles la santé mentale ?

Elles peuvent aggraver des troubles mentaux comme la dépression et l'anxiété.

Quels risques sont associés à l'association avec d'autres médicaments ?

L'association avec des opioïdes ou l'alcool augmente le risque de dépression respiratoire.

Les benzodiazépines peuvent-elles provoquer des chutes chez les personnes âgées ?

Oui, elles augmentent le risque de chutes et de fractures chez les personnes âgées.

Quels effets à long terme sur la mémoire sont observés ?

L'usage prolongé peut entraîner des troubles de la mémoire et des difficultés d'apprentissage.

Quels facteurs augmentent le risque de dépendance ?

Les antécédents de troubles mentaux et l'usage prolongé augmentent le risque de dépendance.

Comment l'âge influence-t-il l'usage des benzodiazépines ?

Les personnes âgées sont plus susceptibles de subir des effets secondaires et des complications.

Quel rôle joue l'environnement social dans l'usage ?

Un environnement stressant ou un manque de soutien social peut augmenter l'usage des benzodiazépines.

Les antécédents familiaux influencent-ils l'usage ?

Oui, des antécédents familiaux de dépendance peuvent augmenter le risque d'usage problématique.

Comment les troubles de santé mentale affectent-ils l'usage ?

Les personnes avec des troubles de santé mentale sont plus susceptibles d'utiliser des benzodiazépines.

Benzodiazépines - Informations médicales vérifiées

First Metatarsal Rotation After Scarf Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus.

27 May 2023

DOI: 10.1177/19386400231172248 PMID: 37243475

Recurrence after surgical correction of hallux valgus may be related to coronal rotation of the first metatarsal. The scarf osteotomy is a commonly used procedure for correcting hallux valgus but has ... We retrospectively analyzed 16 feet (15 patients) who had a WBCT before and after scarf osteotomy for hallux valgus correction. On both scans, hallux valgus angle (HVA), intermetatarsal angle (IMA), a... Mean HVA was 28.6 ± 10.1° preoperatively and 12.1 ± 7.7° postoperatively (P < .001). Mean IMA was 13.7 ± 3.8° preoperatively and 7.5 ± 3.0° postoperatively (P < .001). Before and after surgery, there ... A scarf osteotomy does not correct first metatarsal coronal rotation, and worse outcomes are linked to greater postoperative metatarsal rotation. Rotation of the metatarsal needs to be measured and co...

The effect of hallux valgus on the anatomy of the nerves around the first metatarsal bone.

16 Mar 2024

DOI: 10.1007/s00276-024-03318-9 PMID: 38492026

To identify the variations in the location of the nerves that may be at risk in hallux valgus (HV) surgery, and to reveal whether these nerves are affected by the anatomical changes associated with HV... In the formalin fixed, 46 lower extremities (19 female, 27 male) (9 normal, 14 mild HV, 21 moderate/severe HV), extensor hallucis longus tendon (EHL), deep plantar artery, medial dorsal cutaneous (MDC... Sex-related differences observed in some parameters in direct measurements were not found in the clock model comparisons. In advanced HV angles (> 20°), DFN was closer to EHL in the distal part of the... Sex differences in the distance of the nerves to the EHL disappeared when the size effect of the cross-section of the first metatarsal bone region was eliminated with the clock model. Only in advanced...

Hallux valgus with second metatarsalgia: Is second metatarsal Weil osteotomy necessary?

Dec 2022

DOI: 10.1016/j.fas.2022.08.001 PMID: 35995690

The role of concomitant Weil osteotomy to address second toe metatarsalgia during hallux valgus correction is unclear. We aimed to critically analyse outcomes of an additional Weil osteotomy versus is... Patients with second toe metatarsalgia who underwent first metatarsal Scarf osteotomy for hallux valgus were enrolled retrospectively. Demographics, radiographic measurements and functional outcomes w... 48 feet (34 isolated Scarf, 14 concomitant Weil osteotomy) were included. Both cohorts demonstrated significant improvements across all measures of functional outcome. However, patients with additiona... Superiority of additional Weil osteotomy versus isolated Scarf osteotomy in addressing second toe metatarsalgia or improving functional outcomes was not demonstrated....

Humans Retrospective Studies Hallux Valgus Metatarsal Bones Metatarsalgia +3 autres

First Metatarsal Hemiepiphysiodesis for the Treatment of Juvenile Hallux Valgus: A Systematic Review.

01 Oct 2023

DOI: 10.1097/BPO.0000000000002485 PMID: 37526093

Juvenile hallux valgus (JHV) is a pediatric deformity characterized by the varus deviation of the first metatarsal and valgus deviation of the proximal phalanx. Among the several surgical techniques a... Google Scholar, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane databases were searched for all the articles reporting on clinical and radiological results of hemiepiphysiodesis of the first metatarsal in the treatment ... Six articles were included in the qualitative analysis. A total of 85 patients with 144 halluces valgus were treated through hemiepiphysiodesis of the first metatarsal. The mean age at surgery was 10.... This review showed that hemiepiphysiodesis of the first metatarsal is a safe treatment for JHV. Improvement in both clinical and radiological results has been observed in all the studies, sometimes be...

Humans Child Child, Preschool Adolescent Hallux Valgus +4 autres

Influence of the shape of the first metatarsal cuneiform joint on the development of hallux valgus deformity.

04 Jul 2023

DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06668-4 PMID: 37403070

To examine the presence of certain shapes of the first metatarsal-cuneiform joint (MTC) joint in feet with hallux valgus (HV) deformity. To determine whether the anatomical orientation of this joint a... The shape of the first MTC joint was determined on a sample of 315 feet with HV deformity. The influence of the shape of this joint on the values of HVA and IMA was explored. The relation between the ... The oblique shape of the first MTC joint was found in 165 (52.4%) feet, the transverse in 145 (46%), and the convex shape was registered in five feet (1.6%). In the oblique shape of this joint, a mode... The oblique shape of the first MTC joint is associated with the more severe form of HV deformity and its faster developmental course. In the analyzed sample, it was shown that HVA is higher in the obl...

Humans Hallux Valgus Metatarsal Bones Foot Bunion +3 autres

Second Metatarsal Fracture During Lapidus Hallux Valgus Correction: A Case Report.

01 01 2023

DOI: 10.2106/JBJS.CC.22.00639 PMID: 36947632

A 67-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis underwent Lapidus hallux valgus correction. Initial realignment was unsatisfactory, so the K-wire through the first and second metatarsals was removed. As... Because second metatarsal structural integrity is imperative for use of the clamp, bone quality and K-wire holes from re-reduction should be considered. Although technically challenging, this case dem...

Female Humans Aged Metatarsal Bones Hallux Valgus +3 autres

Distal Rotational Metatarsal Osteotomy (DROMO) for the treatment of hallux valgus associated with first metatarsal pronation: Surgical technique and initial results.

04 Apr 2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.foot.2024.102086 PMID: 38626576

Hallux valgus (HV) is a very common deformity worldwide. Most of the surgical techniques used in the treatment of HV only correct these deformities in two planes, that is sagittal and transverse plane... The inclusion period was 6 months finishing in April 2021. The study analyzed the following x-ray parameters: preoperative and postoperative intermetatarsal angle (IMA), preoperative and postoperative... DROMO can correct the metatarsal rotation through minimal invasive surgery. From our perspective, DROMO technique should be another alternative for HV correction technique which in time can be associa...

Positional and dimensional relation of tendons around the first metatarsal bone with hallux valgus.

Feb 2023

DOI: 10.1007/s00276-022-03066-8 PMID: 36581705

It was aimed to reveal whether the positions and dimensions of the extrinsic and intrinsic muscle tendons related to the hallux around the first metatarsal bone are affected by the severity of hallux ... In formalin-fixed 46 feet, three HV angle subgroups (normal, mild, and moderate/severe) were defined. Width, thickness, and cross-sectional area (CSA) of tendons of the extensor hallucis longus (EHL) ... In the moderate/severe HV group, thickness and CSA of the EHB, width and CSA of the AH were smaller, compared to mild HV. Width and CSA of the FHL were smaller in moderate/severe HV than in the normal... The smaller tendon size of two intrinsic (one plantar and one dorsal) and one extrinsic muscle in the moderate/severe HV group indicates that changes in the tendons are evident in cases of high severi...

Humans Hallux Valgus Metatarsal Bones Tendons Foot +2 autres

Establishment and Validation of a Predictive Nomogram for Hallux Valgus with Pain Under the Second Metatarsal.

2022

DOI: 10.2147/JPR.S386315 PMID: 36394054

To investigate the risk factors for hallux valgus complicated with pain under the second metatarsal and construct an effective model and method for predicting hallux valgus complicated with pain under... A total of 545 patients with hallux valgus who were admitted to our hospital were divided randomly into a training set and a validation set. The demographic characteristics, imaging indices and gait t... Second metatarsal length, second metatarsal peak pressure, hallux valgus angle (HVA), intermetatarsal angle 1-2 (IMA1-2) and weight were the risk factors for hallux valgus complicated with pain under ... Second metatarsal length, second metatarsal peak pressure, HVA, IMA1-2 and weight were the risk factors for hallux valgus combined with second metatarsal pain. The risk prediction model for hallux val... Level III, retrospective comparative study....

Improvement of Valgus Deviation of the Lesser Toes of Moderate to Severe Hallux Valgus After Proximal Chevron Metatarsal Osteotomy and Akin Osteotomy.

13 Feb 2024

DOI: 10.1177/10711007241228273 PMID: 38348624

This study examines the correction of lesser toe valgus deviation following proximal chevron metatarsal osteotomy (PCMO) and Akin osteotomy in moderate to severe hallux valgus patients, while identify... Among 89 patients (116 feet), those with moderate to severe hallux valgus underwent PCMO and Akin osteotomy. Radiologic assessments included preoperative metatarsus adductus angle (MAA), hallux valgus... The mean preoperative HVA of 34.4 degrees decreased to 8.7 degrees at final follow-up. The valgus angles of the second, third, and fourth toes improved by 37.1%, 27%, and 44.5%, respectively. In metat... The study found a significant reduction in the valgus angle of the second, third, and fourth toes after PCMO and Akin osteotomy in moderate to severe hallux valgus cases, without additional surgeries ... Level IV, case series....

Benzodiazépines : Questions médicales fréquentes

Termes MeSH sélectionnés :

Questions fréquentes et termes MeSH associés

Diagnostic 5

Symptômes 5

Prévention 5

Traitements 5

Complications 5

Facteurs de risque 5

Contenu validé par Dr Olivier Menir

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Alprazolam

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Clorazépate dipotassique

Estazolam

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