Comment diagnostiquer une dépendance aux benzodiazépines ?

Le diagnostic repose sur l'évaluation des symptômes et l'historique d'utilisation des médicaments.

Quels tests sont utilisés pour évaluer l'usage des benzodiazépines ?

Des tests de dépistage de drogues et des évaluations psychologiques peuvent être utilisés.

Quels critères DSM sont utilisés pour le diagnostic ?

Les critères DSM-5 incluent l'usage excessif et les symptômes de sevrage.

Comment évaluer l'efficacité d'un traitement par benzodiazépines ?

L'efficacité est évaluée par la réduction des symptômes d'anxiété ou d'insomnie.

Quels signes indiquent une surdose de benzodiazépines ?

Les signes incluent confusion, somnolence excessive et difficultés respiratoires.

Quels sont les effets secondaires courants des benzodiazépines ?

Les effets secondaires incluent somnolence, vertiges et troubles de la mémoire.

Comment reconnaître une réaction allergique aux benzodiazépines ?

Les réactions allergiques peuvent se manifester par éruptions cutanées et démangeaisons.

Quels symptômes indiquent un sevrage des benzodiazépines ?

Les symptômes de sevrage incluent anxiété, insomnie et tremblements.

Les benzodiazépines provoquent-elles des troubles cognitifs ?

Oui, elles peuvent entraîner des troubles de la mémoire et de la concentration.

Quels symptômes peuvent nécessiter une consultation médicale urgente ?

Des symptômes comme confusion sévère ou difficultés respiratoires nécessitent une urgence.

Comment prévenir la dépendance aux benzodiazépines ?

La prévention inclut une prescription prudente et une éducation sur les risques.

Quels conseils donner aux patients sur l'utilisation des benzodiazépines ?

Les patients doivent être informés des risques et de l'importance de suivre les prescriptions.

Comment surveiller l'utilisation des benzodiazépines ?

Les médecins doivent effectuer des suivis réguliers pour évaluer l'usage et les effets.

Quelles stratégies non médicamenteuses peuvent aider ?

Des techniques comme la méditation et l'exercice physique peuvent réduire l'anxiété.

Comment sensibiliser sur les risques des benzodiazépines ?

Des campagnes d'information et des ateliers peuvent sensibiliser le public aux risques.

Comment traiter une dépendance aux benzodiazépines ?

Le traitement inclut une désintoxication supervisée et une thérapie comportementale.

Quelles alternatives existent aux benzodiazépines pour l'anxiété ?

Les alternatives incluent les antidépresseurs et les thérapies cognitivo-comportementales.

Comment réduire progressivement l'utilisation des benzodiazépines ?

La réduction doit être progressive, sous supervision médicale pour éviter le sevrage.

Quels médicaments peuvent aider à gérer le sevrage ?

Des médicaments comme le diazépam peuvent être utilisés pour atténuer les symptômes de sevrage.

Quelle est la durée recommandée pour l'utilisation des benzodiazépines ?

L'utilisation est généralement recommandée pour une courte durée, souvent moins de 4 semaines.

Quelles complications peuvent survenir avec l'usage prolongé ?

L'usage prolongé peut entraîner des troubles cognitifs et une dépendance sévère.

Comment les benzodiazépines affectent-elles la santé mentale ?

Elles peuvent aggraver des troubles mentaux comme la dépression et l'anxiété.

Quels risques sont associés à l'association avec d'autres médicaments ?

L'association avec des opioïdes ou l'alcool augmente le risque de dépression respiratoire.

Les benzodiazépines peuvent-elles provoquer des chutes chez les personnes âgées ?

Oui, elles augmentent le risque de chutes et de fractures chez les personnes âgées.

Quels effets à long terme sur la mémoire sont observés ?

L'usage prolongé peut entraîner des troubles de la mémoire et des difficultés d'apprentissage.

Quels facteurs augmentent le risque de dépendance ?

Les antécédents de troubles mentaux et l'usage prolongé augmentent le risque de dépendance.

Comment l'âge influence-t-il l'usage des benzodiazépines ?

Les personnes âgées sont plus susceptibles de subir des effets secondaires et des complications.

Quel rôle joue l'environnement social dans l'usage ?

Un environnement stressant ou un manque de soutien social peut augmenter l'usage des benzodiazépines.

Les antécédents familiaux influencent-ils l'usage ?

Oui, des antécédents familiaux de dépendance peuvent augmenter le risque d'usage problématique.

Comment les troubles de santé mentale affectent-ils l'usage ?

Les personnes avec des troubles de santé mentale sont plus susceptibles d'utiliser des benzodiazépines.

Benzodiazépines - Informations médicales vérifiées

Bringing Opiates Off the Streets and Undertaking Excess Scripts: A novel opiate reclamation and prescription reduction program.

09 2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2023.05.034 PMID: 37414590

Opioid diversion and misuse continue to present problems in modern medicine. The "opioid epidemic" has claimed more than 250,000 lives since 1999, with studies pointing to prescription opioids as the ... We performed a prospective collection of all unused opiate pain medications for general surgery postoperative patients from July 15, 2020 to January 15, 2021. Patients brought their unused opiates to ... During the reclamation period, 168 operations were performed, with a total of 12,970 morphine milligram equivalents of opiate prescribed by 5 physicians. A total of 6,077.5 morphine milligram equivale... Continuous monitoring of the medications returned by patients now continues to inform our providers' prescribing practices, decreases the amount of opiates in the community, and improves patient safet...

Humans Analgesics, Opioid Opiate Alkaloids Oxycodone Pain, Postoperative +3 autres

Alcohol and opiate misuse in adults with cystic fibrosis.

09 2023

DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26541 PMID: 37294071

International consensus statements on depression and anxiety in adolescents and adults with cystic fibrosis (awCF) recommend assessment for comorbid substance misuse. However, at CF centers, the frequ... Medical records of 148 awCF over 3 years were reviewed to determine the prevalence of substance misuse (alcohol or opiates) and its relationship with clinical variables and healthcare utilization. Ind... Substance misuse was documented in 28 (19%) awCF, equally distributed between alcohol (n = 13) and opiates (n = 15). Adults with substance misuse were more likely to be male. The prevalence of diagnos... In awCF, substance misuse is common and associated with adverse indicators of emotional and physical health, including via proxy of service utilization, suggesting that systematic approaches to addres...

Adolescent Humans Male Adult Female +5 autres

Neurocognitive Impulsivity in Opiate Users at Different Lengths of Abstinence.

10 01 2023

DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021236 PMID: 36674000

The aim of the current study was to examine the effects of length of abstinence on decision making (impulsive choice) and response inhibition (impulsive action) in former opiate users (OU). Participan...

Humans Decision Making Opiate Alkaloids Impulsive Behavior Gambling +1 autres

HIV-1 and opiates modulate miRNA profiles in extracellular vesicles.

2023

DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1259998 PMID: 38022533

Opiate abuse increases the risk of HIV transmission and exacerbates HIV neuropathology by increasing inflammation and modulating immune cell function. Exosomal EVs(xEV) contain miRNAs that may be diff...

Humans HIV-1 HIV Infections Opiate Alkaloids Leukocytes, Mononuclear +6 autres

Anhedonia and sensitivity to punishment in schizophrenia, depression and opiate use disorder.

01 06 2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.120 PMID: 36889442

From a behavioural perspective anhedonia is defined as diminished interest in the engagement of pleasurable activities. Despite its presence across a range of psychiatric disorders, the cognitive proc... Here we examine whether anhedonia is associated with learning from positive and negative outcomes in patients diagnosed with major depression, schizophrenia and opiate use disorder alongside a healthy... Learning from punishment, but not from reward, was negatively associated with anhedonia beyond other socio-demographic, cognitive and clinical variables. This impairment in punishment sensitivity was ... Future studies should test the longitudinal association between punishment sensitivity and anhedonia also in other clinical populations controlling for the effect of specific medications.... Together the results reveal that anhedonic subjects, because of their negative expectations, are less sensitive to negative feedbacks; this might lead them to persist in actions leading to negative ou...

Humans Schizophrenia Punishment Anhedonia Depression +2 autres

Insights in opiates toxicity: impairment of human vascular mesenchymal stromal cells.

Jul 2023

DOI: 10.1007/s00414-023-02961-y PMID: 36786894

The most common pulmonary findings in opiate-related fatalities are congestion and oedema, as well as acute and/or chronic alveolar haemorrhage, the cause of which is thought to be a damage to the cap...

Humans Cellular Senescence Reactive Oxygen Species Opiate Alkaloids Mesenchymal Stem Cells +1 autres

Does Preoperative Opiate Choice Increase Risk of Postoperative Infection and Subsequent Surgery?

Feb 2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.11.044 PMID: 36396056

Opioids are commonly prescribed for chronic pain before spinal surgery and research has shown an increased rate of postoperative adverse events in these patients.... This study compared the incidence of 2-year subsequent surgical procedures and postoperative adverse events in patients undergoing lumbar fusion with or without 90-day preoperative opioid use. We hypo... A retrospective cohort study was performed using the Optum Pan-Therapeutic Electronic Health Records database including adult patients who had their first lumbar fusion between 2015 and 2018. The dail... A total of 23,275 patients were included, with 2112 patients (10%) using opioids preoperatively. There was a significantly higher incidence of infection compared with nonusers (12.3% vs. 10.1%; P = 0.... Consistent with previous studies, opioid use was significantly associated with a higher incidence of 2-year postoperative infection compared with nonuse. Low-dose opioid users had higher postoperative...

Adult Humans Analgesics, Opioid Retrospective Studies Opiate Alkaloids +4 autres

The Role of Adverse Childhood Experiences on People in Opiate Agonist Treatment: The Importance of Feeling Unloved.

2023

DOI: 10.1159/000532005 PMID: 37669628

Adults in opiate agonist treatment (OAT) often have a background of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and are more likely to be exposed to a variety of risks that may trigger post-traumatic stress ... An analysis of data that were collected at the follow-up stage of a study among 131 adults who attended OAT was conducted. Participants attended one of six OAT settings, covering 45% (n = 890) of clie... Bivariate analysis showed that the summative ACQ score was significantly correlated with age of first opiate use (p = 0.004). Multiple regression analysis showed that the summative ACQ score and tranq... While a summation of all ten ACEs predicted higher levels of PTSD, the factor "feeling unloved" as a child provided the single strongest predictor and may represent an overarching risk of PTSD and con...

Adult Male Child Female Humans +5 autres

Personality dysfunction in opiate addicts on opioid substitution treatment and the risk of HCV infection.

2022

DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1009413 PMID: 36159261

Impulsivity, affective instability, and neglect of oneself and other people's safety as symptoms of personality dysfunction are associated with risky behaviors regarding the transmission of infectious... The aim of this study was to analyze the association between hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and personality dysfunction in opiate addicts on opioid substitution treatment.... This was a cross-sectional, observational investigation of patients over 18 years of age who were actively participating in opioid substitution treatment at five centers in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The... Patients on opioid substitution therapy with HCV infection more frequently had personality disorders (OR 2.168, 95% CI 1.161-4.05) and were treated longer than patients without HCV infection (OR 1.076... Our study demonstrates that opiate addicts on opioid substitution treatment have a higher risk of HCV infection if their personality is dysfunctional, especially in the aspects of self-respect, enduri...

Adolescent Adult Cross-Sectional Studies Hepacivirus Hepatitis C +6 autres

Opioid-Free Forefoot Surgery vs Traditional Perioperative Opiate Regimen: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

01 2023

DOI: 10.1177/10711007221140834 PMID: 36537761

In response to the opioid epidemic, the use of multimodal pain management in orthopaedic surgery is increasing. Efforts to decrease opioid prescribing and opioid consumption among foot and ankle surgi... This is a single-center noninferior randomized controlled trial of 51 patients undergoing forefoot surgery allocated to one of 2 perioperative pain management treatments: opioid-free, multimodal (OF, ... The OF group is statistically noninferior to the OC group and reported lower median pain scores at 24 hours (2 [IQR 0, 3] vs 6 [IQR 3.5, 7]; p<.0001) and 2 weeks (2 [IQR 1, 4] vs 4 [IQR 0, 3]; p=.018]... In forefoot surgery, the opioid-free pain management protocol was statistically noninferior to the opioid-containing protocol in reducing postoperative pain.... Level II, prospective cohort study....

Humans Analgesics, Opioid Opiate Alkaloids Prospective Studies Practice Patterns, Physicians' +1 autres

Benzodiazépines : Questions médicales fréquentes

Termes MeSH sélectionnés :

Questions fréquentes et termes MeSH associés

Diagnostic 5

Symptômes 5

Prévention 5

Traitements 5

Complications 5

Facteurs de risque 5

Contenu validé par Dr Olivier Menir

Sous-catégories

Alprazolam

Benzodiazépinones

Chlordiazépoxyde

Clobazam

Clorazépate dipotassique

Estazolam

Médazépam

Midazolam

Olanzapine

Triazolam

Bromazépam

Clonazépam

Dévazépide

Diazépam

Flumazénil

Flunitrazépam

Flurazépam

Lorazépam

Nitrazépam

Oxazépam

Pirenzépine

Prazépam

Témazépam

Nordazépam

Auteurs principaux

Sources (1522 au total)