{
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@graph": [
{
"@type": "MedicalWebPage",
"name": "Enfant : Questions médicales les plus fréquentes",
"headline": "Enfant : Comprendre les symptômes, diagnostics et traitements",
"description": "Guide complet et accessible sur les Enfant : explications, diagnostics, traitements et prévention. Information médicale validée destinée aux patients.",
"datePublished": "2024-03-15",
"dateModified": "2025-03-10",
"inLanguage": "fr",
"medicalAudience": [
{
"@type": "MedicalAudience",
"name": "Grand public",
"audienceType": "Patient",
"healthCondition": {
"@type": "MedicalCondition",
"name": "Enfant"
},
"suggestedMinAge": 18,
"suggestedGender": "unisex"
},
{
"@type": "MedicalAudience",
"name": "Médecins",
"audienceType": "Physician",
"geographicArea": {
"@type": "AdministrativeArea",
"name": "France"
}
},
{
"@type": "MedicalAudience",
"name": "Chercheurs",
"audienceType": "Researcher",
"geographicArea": {
"@type": "AdministrativeArea",
"name": "International"
}
}
],
"reviewedBy": {
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Dr Olivier Menir",
"jobTitle": "Expert en Médecine",
"description": "Expert en Médecine, Optimisation des Parcours de Soins et Révision Médicale",
"url": "/static/pages/docteur-olivier-menir.html",
"alumniOf": {
"@type": "EducationalOrganization",
"name": "Université Paris Descartes"
}
},
"isPartOf": {
"@type": "MedicalWebPage",
"name": "Tranches d'âge",
"url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/mesh/D009273",
"about": {
"@type": "MedicalCondition",
"name": "Tranches d'âge",
"code": {
"@type": "MedicalCode",
"code": "D009273",
"codingSystem": "MeSH"
},
"identifier": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "MeSH Tree",
"value": "M01.060"
}
}
},
"hasPart": [
{
"@type": "MedicalWebPage",
"name": "Enfant d'âge préscolaire",
"alternateName": "Child, Preschool",
"url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/mesh/D002675",
"about": {
"@type": "MedicalCondition",
"name": "Enfant d'âge préscolaire",
"code": {
"@type": "MedicalCode",
"code": "D002675",
"codingSystem": "MeSH"
},
"identifier": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "MeSH Tree",
"value": "M01.060.406.448"
}
}
}
],
"about": {
"@type": "MedicalCondition",
"name": "Enfant",
"alternateName": "Child",
"code": {
"@type": "MedicalCode",
"code": "D002648",
"codingSystem": "MeSH"
}
},
"author": [
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Isabel Soares",
"url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/author/Isabel%20Soares",
"affiliation": {
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Portugal."
}
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Jesse J Helton",
"url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/author/Jesse%20J%20Helton",
"affiliation": {
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "College of Public Health and Social Justice, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, United States. Electronic address: jesse.helton@slu.edu."
}
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Erika Lunkenheimer",
"url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/author/Erika%20Lunkenheimer",
"affiliation": {
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA."
}
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Yukako Tani",
"url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/author/Yukako%20Tani",
"affiliation": {
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo113-8519, Japan."
}
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Satomi Doi",
"url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/author/Satomi%20Doi",
"affiliation": {
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo113-8519, Japan."
}
}
],
"citation": [
{
"@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
"name": "The actual status of drug prices and adjustment factors for drug price calculation: an analysis of ultra-orphan drug development in Japan.",
"datePublished": "2022-11-08",
"url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/article/36348359",
"identifier": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "DOI",
"value": "10.1186/s13023-022-02526-z"
}
},
{
"@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
"name": "COSMO models for the pharmaceutical development of parenteral drug formulations.",
"datePublished": "2023-04-27",
"url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/article/37120066",
"identifier": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "DOI",
"value": "10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.04.019"
}
},
{
"@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
"name": "Overcoming Pharmaceutical Bottlenecks for Nucleic Acid Drug Development.",
"datePublished": "2023-01-09",
"url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/article/36624086",
"identifier": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "DOI",
"value": "10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00464"
}
},
{
"@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
"name": "Clinical trial considerations for pediatric cancer drug development.",
"datePublished": "2023-02-07",
"url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/article/36749066",
"identifier": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "DOI",
"value": "10.1080/10543406.2023.2172424"
}
},
{
"@type": "ScholarlyArticle",
"name": "Changing incentives to ACCELERATE drug development for paediatric cancer.",
"datePublished": "2023-01-16",
"url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/article/36645217",
"identifier": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "DOI",
"value": "10.1002/cam4.5627"
}
}
],
"breadcrumb": {
"@type": "BreadcrumbList",
"itemListElement": [
{
"@type": "ListItem",
"position": 1,
"name": "questionsmedicales.fr",
"item": "https://questionsmedicales.fr"
},
{
"@type": "ListItem",
"position": 2,
"name": "Personnes",
"item": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/mesh/D009272"
},
{
"@type": "ListItem",
"position": 3,
"name": "Tranches d'âge",
"item": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/mesh/D009273"
},
{
"@type": "ListItem",
"position": 4,
"name": "Enfant",
"item": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/mesh/D002648"
}
]
}
},
{
"@type": "MedicalWebPage",
"name": "Article complet : Enfant - Questions et réponses",
"headline": "Questions et réponses médicales fréquentes sur Enfant",
"description": "Une compilation de questions et réponses structurées, validées par des experts médicaux.",
"datePublished": "2025-05-18",
"inLanguage": "fr",
"hasPart": [
{
"@type": "MedicalWebPage",
"name": "Diagnostic",
"headline": "Diagnostic sur Enfant",
"description": "Comment diagnostiquer une infection chez un enfant ?\nQuels tests pour diagnostiquer l'asthme chez un enfant ?\nComment identifier un trouble de l'attention ?\nQuels signes indiquent une déshydratation ?\nComment diagnostiquer une allergie alimentaire ?",
"url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/mesh/D002648?mesh_terms=Drug+Development&page=3#section-diagnostic"
},
{
"@type": "MedicalWebPage",
"name": "Symptômes",
"headline": "Symptômes sur Enfant",
"description": "Quels sont les symptômes de la varicelle ?\nComment reconnaître une otite chez un enfant ?\nQuels symptômes indiquent une grippe ?\nQuels signes d'anxiété chez un enfant ?\nComment identifier une dépression chez un enfant ?",
"url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/mesh/D002648?mesh_terms=Drug+Development&page=3#section-symptômes"
},
{
"@type": "MedicalWebPage",
"name": "Prévention",
"headline": "Prévention sur Enfant",
"description": "Comment prévenir les infections chez les enfants ?\nQuelles mesures pour prévenir l'asthme ?\nComment prévenir les allergies alimentaires ?\nQuelles sont les mesures de prévention de la dépression ?\nComment prévenir les accidents domestiques chez les enfants ?",
"url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/mesh/D002648?mesh_terms=Drug+Development&page=3#section-prévention"
},
{
"@type": "MedicalWebPage",
"name": "Traitements",
"headline": "Traitements sur Enfant",
"description": "Quels traitements pour l'asthme chez les enfants ?\nComment traiter une otite chez un enfant ?\nQuels sont les traitements pour la varicelle ?\nComment traiter l'anxiété chez un enfant ?\nQuels traitements pour la dépression infantile ?",
"url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/mesh/D002648?mesh_terms=Drug+Development&page=3#section-traitements"
},
{
"@type": "MedicalWebPage",
"name": "Complications",
"headline": "Complications sur Enfant",
"description": "Quelles complications peuvent survenir avec la varicelle ?\nQuelles complications de l'asthme non traité ?\nQuelles complications de l'otite ?\nQuelles complications de la dépression infantile ?\nQuelles complications des allergies alimentaires ?",
"url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/mesh/D002648?mesh_terms=Drug+Development&page=3#section-complications"
},
{
"@type": "MedicalWebPage",
"name": "Facteurs de risque",
"headline": "Facteurs de risque sur Enfant",
"description": "Quels sont les facteurs de risque de l'asthme ?\nQuels facteurs augmentent le risque de dépression ?\nQuels sont les facteurs de risque d'allergies alimentaires ?\nQuels facteurs de risque pour les infections ?\nQuels sont les facteurs de risque d'accidents domestiques ?",
"url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/mesh/D002648?mesh_terms=Drug+Development&page=3#section-facteurs de risque"
}
]
},
{
"@type": "FAQPage",
"mainEntity": [
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment diagnostiquer une infection chez un enfant ?",
"position": 1,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Un diagnostic repose sur l'examen clinique, les antécédents et des tests de laboratoire."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels tests pour diagnostiquer l'asthme chez un enfant ?",
"position": 2,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Des tests de fonction pulmonaire et un historique des symptômes sont utilisés."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment identifier un trouble de l'attention ?",
"position": 3,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "L'évaluation inclut des questionnaires, des observations et des entretiens avec les parents."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels signes indiquent une déshydratation ?",
"position": 4,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les signes incluent la sécheresse de la bouche, la fatigue et une urine foncée."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment diagnostiquer une allergie alimentaire ?",
"position": 5,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Des tests cutanés ou des analyses sanguines peuvent confirmer une allergie."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels sont les symptômes de la varicelle ?",
"position": 6,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les symptômes incluent des éruptions cutanées, de la fièvre et des démangeaisons."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment reconnaître une otite chez un enfant ?",
"position": 7,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les signes incluent des douleurs d'oreille, de la fièvre et des irritabilités."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels symptômes indiquent une grippe ?",
"position": 8,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Fièvre, toux, douleurs musculaires et fatigue sont des symptômes courants."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels signes d'anxiété chez un enfant ?",
"position": 9,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les signes incluent des pleurs excessifs, des troubles du sommeil et des maux de ventre."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment identifier une dépression chez un enfant ?",
"position": 10,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les symptômes incluent la tristesse persistante, l'irritabilité et la perte d'intérêt."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment prévenir les infections chez les enfants ?",
"position": 11,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "La vaccination, l'hygiène des mains et éviter les contacts avec les malades sont essentiels."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles mesures pour prévenir l'asthme ?",
"position": 12,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Éviter les allergènes, utiliser des purificateurs d'air et suivre un traitement préventif."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment prévenir les allergies alimentaires ?",
"position": 13,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Introduire les aliments allergènes progressivement et surveiller les réactions."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles sont les mesures de prévention de la dépression ?",
"position": 14,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Encourager l'activité physique, le soutien social et une bonne communication familiale."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment prévenir les accidents domestiques chez les enfants ?",
"position": 15,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Utiliser des dispositifs de sécurité, surveiller les enfants et éduquer sur les dangers."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels traitements pour l'asthme chez les enfants ?",
"position": 16,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les traitements incluent des bronchodilatateurs et des corticostéroïdes inhalés."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment traiter une otite chez un enfant ?",
"position": 17,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Le traitement peut inclure des antibiotiques ou des analgésiques pour soulager la douleur."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels sont les traitements pour la varicelle ?",
"position": 18,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Le traitement est généralement symptomatique, avec des antihistaminiques pour les démangeaisons."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment traiter l'anxiété chez un enfant ?",
"position": 19,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "La thérapie cognitivo-comportementale et parfois des médicaments peuvent être utilisés."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels traitements pour la dépression infantile ?",
"position": 20,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les traitements incluent la thérapie et, dans certains cas, des antidépresseurs."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles complications peuvent survenir avec la varicelle ?",
"position": 21,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les complications incluent des infections bactériennes secondaires et la pneumonie."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles complications de l'asthme non traité ?",
"position": 22,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les complications peuvent inclure des crises d'asthme sévères et des hospitalisations."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles complications de l'otite ?",
"position": 23,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les complications peuvent inclure des problèmes d'audition et des infections de la mastoïde."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles complications de la dépression infantile ?",
"position": 24,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les complications incluent des troubles de l'apprentissage et des comportements suicidaires."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles complications des allergies alimentaires ?",
"position": 25,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les complications peuvent inclure des réactions anaphylactiques potentiellement mortelles."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels sont les facteurs de risque de l'asthme ?",
"position": 26,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les facteurs incluent des antécédents familiaux, des allergies et l'exposition à la fumée."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels facteurs augmentent le risque de dépression ?",
"position": 27,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les facteurs incluent des antécédents familiaux, le stress et des événements traumatiques."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels sont les facteurs de risque d'allergies alimentaires ?",
"position": 28,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les antécédents familiaux d'allergies et l'exposition précoce à certains aliments sont des facteurs."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels facteurs de risque pour les infections ?",
"position": 29,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les facteurs incluent un système immunitaire affaibli et le manque de vaccination."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels sont les facteurs de risque d'accidents domestiques ?",
"position": 30,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les jeunes enfants, l'absence de surveillance et un environnement non sécurisé augmentent le risque."
}
}
]
}
]
}
Extremely high prices facilitate drug development for ultra-rare diseases (ultra-orphan drugs). However, various problems arise in terms of healthcare financing and fairness, and the status of ultra-o...
Drug prices tended to increase as the expected number of patients to whom the drug was administered decreased; however, this trend diminished when the expected number of patients was less than 1000. O...
The status of drug prices and expected sales differed beyond a threshold of 1000 expected patients, indicating that recovering the development cost for ultra-orphan drugs is difficult. In addition, th...
The aqueous solubility of active pharmaceutical ingredients is one of the most important features to be considered during the development of parenteral formulations in the pharmaceutical industry. Com...
The outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and swift approval of two mRNA vaccines have put nucleic acid therapeutics in the spotlight of both the scientific community and the ge...
Oncology has been one of the most active therapeutic areas in medicinal products development. Despite this fact, few drugs have been approved for use in pediatric cancer patients when compared to the ...
More effective incentives are needed to motivate paediatric oncology drug development, uncoupling it from dependency on adult drug development. Although the current European and North-American legisla...
We propose changes in the timing and nature of the rewards within the European Paediatric Medicine Regulation (PMR) and Regulation on Orphan Medicinal Products (both currently under review), which wou...
We suggest modifying the PMR to ensure mechanism-of-action driven mandatory PIP and reorganization of incentives to a stepwise and incremental approach. Interim and final deliverables should be define...
Additionally, to address the critical gap in the current framework where there is a complete lack of incentives to promote paediatric-specific cancer drug development, we propose the introduction of e...
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) can form homodimers or heterodimers that modulate specific signal transduction pathways to regulate a wide range of physiological and pathological functions. As suc...
Diabetic retinopathy is one of the withering disorders that has been making the lives of patients miserable. Arising as a result of chronic high blood sugar levels in diabetes patients, retinopathy ha...
While the drug development literature provides numerous estimates of the financial costs to bring a new drug to market, the investment of patient-participants in the research process has not been desc...
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis worldwide, affecting ~500 million people, yet there are no effective treatments to halt its progression. Without any structure-modifying agents...