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Facteurs biologiques
Toxines biologiques
Toxines bactériennes
Endotoxines
Endotoxines : Questions médicales fréquentes
Termes MeSH sélectionnés :
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"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment diagnostiquer une intoxication par endotoxines ?",
"position": 1,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Le diagnostic repose sur des tests sanguins, cultures et évaluation clinique."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels tests sont utilisés pour détecter les endotoxines ?",
"position": 2,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Le test de limule et les tests ELISA sont couramment utilisés."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels signes cliniques indiquent une exposition aux endotoxines ?",
"position": 3,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Fièvre, frissons, hypotension et tachycardie sont des signes fréquents."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les endotoxines peuvent-elles être détectées dans le sang ?",
"position": 4,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, des tests spécifiques peuvent détecter les endotoxines dans le sang."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quel rôle joue la culture bactérienne dans le diagnostic ?",
"position": 5,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Elle permet d'identifier la source bactérienne des endotoxines."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels sont les symptômes d'une intoxication par endotoxines ?",
"position": 6,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les symptômes incluent fièvre, frissons, douleurs abdominales et confusion."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment les endotoxines affectent-elles le système immunitaire ?",
"position": 7,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Elles provoquent une réponse inflammatoire excessive, pouvant mener à un choc."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les endotoxines causent-elles des douleurs ?",
"position": 8,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, elles peuvent provoquer des douleurs abdominales et musculaires."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels signes indiquent un choc septique dû aux endotoxines ?",
"position": 9,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Hypotension, tachycardie, confusion et peau froide sont des signes clés."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les symptômes varient-ils selon l'exposition ?",
"position": 10,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, l'intensité des symptômes dépend de la dose et de la durée d'exposition."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment prévenir l'exposition aux endotoxines ?",
"position": 11,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Éviter les environnements contaminés et respecter les protocoles d'hygiène."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les vaccins peuvent-ils prévenir les infections à endotoxines ?",
"position": 12,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Il n'existe pas de vaccin spécifique contre les endotoxines, mais contre certaines bactéries."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles mesures de sécurité en laboratoire sont nécessaires ?",
"position": 13,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Utiliser des équipements de protection individuelle et des procédures de désinfection."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les antibiotiques préventifs sont-ils efficaces ?",
"position": 14,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Ils peuvent être utilisés dans certains cas à risque, mais pas systématiquement."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment réduire le risque d'infections nosocomiales ?",
"position": 15,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Améliorer l'hygiène hospitalière et le contrôle des infections est essentiel."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quel est le traitement principal pour une intoxication par endotoxines ?",
"position": 16,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Le traitement inclut des antibiotiques et des soins de soutien pour stabiliser le patient."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les corticostéroïdes sont-ils efficaces contre les endotoxines ?",
"position": 17,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Ils peuvent réduire l'inflammation, mais leur utilisation est controversée."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment traiter le choc septique causé par des endotoxines ?",
"position": 18,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Le traitement nécessite des fluides intraveineux et des vasopresseurs."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les antidotes existent-ils pour les endotoxines ?",
"position": 19,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Il n'existe pas d'antidote spécifique, le traitement est symptomatique."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelle est l'importance de la prise en charge précoce ?",
"position": 20,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Une prise en charge rapide améliore les chances de survie et réduit les complications."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles sont les complications possibles d'une intoxication par endotoxines ?",
"position": 21,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les complications incluent le choc septique, l'insuffisance organique et la mort."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment les endotoxines affectent-elles les organes ?",
"position": 22,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Elles peuvent provoquer une défaillance multi-organique en raison de l'inflammation."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Le syndrome de détresse respiratoire est-il lié aux endotoxines ?",
"position": 23,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, l'inflammation pulmonaire peut entraîner un syndrome de détresse respiratoire."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les endotoxines peuvent-elles causer des dommages neurologiques ?",
"position": 24,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Elles peuvent provoquer des troubles neurologiques en raison de l'inflammation systémique."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quel est le pronostic après une exposition aux endotoxines ?",
"position": 25,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Le pronostic dépend de la rapidité du traitement et de la gravité de l'exposition."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels sont les principaux facteurs de risque d'intoxication par endotoxines ?",
"position": 26,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les patients immunodéprimés, les personnes âgées et les hospitalisés sont à risque."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les infections bactériennes augmentent-elles le risque d'endotoxines ?",
"position": 27,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, les infections par des bactéries Gram-négatives sont un facteur de risque majeur."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les interventions chirurgicales augmentent-elles le risque ?",
"position": 28,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, les interventions chirurgicales peuvent exposer à des endotoxines, surtout en cas d'infection."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Le diabète est-il un facteur de risque pour les endotoxines ?",
"position": 29,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, le diabète peut affaiblir le système immunitaire et augmenter le risque d'infections."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les conditions de vie insalubres augmentent-elles le risque ?",
"position": 30,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, elles favorisent la prolifération bactérienne et l'exposition aux endotoxines."
}
}
]
}
]
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The hybrid-channel platelet counting method (PLT-H) is a new platelet counting technique proposed by Mindray of China. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the accuracy of this technique in various sit...
Management of platelet-transfusion refractory (PR) patients due to anti-HLA antibodies includes the provision of HLA-matched (HLAm) platelets (PLT) or PLTs that are negative for HLA antigens correspon...
HLA typing was performed by three methods: (1) Real-time PCR; (2) Sequence-specific oligonucleotide (SSO) typing test; and (3) Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS). Cytogenomic SNP microarray was utilized...
A 30-year-old female with newly diagnosed acute myelogenous leukemia was found to be PR secondary to HLA sensitization. A peripheral blood (PB) sample, containing 93% myeloid blast cells, was sent for...
In hematologic patients with high tumor burden, HLA homozygosity should be viewed with suspicion for potential LOH. Therefore, HLA testing should be repeated, preferably with a non-hematological sourc...
There have been relatively few studies revealing a decreased platelet count in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although this hematological abnormality is not as well documented as renal anemia, platelet...
Platelet concentrate (PC) transfusion seeks to provide haemostasis in patients presenting severe central thrombocytopenia or severe bleeding. PCs may induce adverse reactions (AR) that can occasionall...
Corrected count increment (CCI) measurements monitor the effectiveness of platelet transfusions in haemato-oncology, but they usually fail in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. We investigated wheth...
Leukocyte-free, platelet-rich plasma was prepared from patients' blood to measure platelet counts based on patient-/donor-specific SNPs by digital PCR after DNA extraction. Platelet counts in samples ...
The digital PCR of the seven SNPs reliably quantified levels ≥0.6 G/L platelets, in good agreement with flow cytometry and without interference by other SNPs or by platelet activation. A mean 24-h CCI...
PCR of mitochondrial SNPs offers a tool to assess the survival of platelets from apheresis concentrates in cardiac surgery patients to facilitate the implementation of improved transfusion strategies....
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a common hematopoietic malignancy, and platelet transfusion plays a crucial role in its treatment. This study aimed to investigate the changes in inflammatory res...
Response to prophylactic platelet transfusion is suspected to be inconsistent in critically ill patients questioning how to optimize transfusion practices. This study aimed to describe prophylactic pl...
This prospective multicentre observational study recruited patients who received at least one prophylactic platelet transfusion in one of the nine participating intensive care units for a period up to...
Poor platelet transfusion response occurred in 349 of the 472 (73.9%) prophylactic platelet transfusions and in 141/181 (77.9%) patients. The mixed-effect model identified haemoglobin at ICU admission...
In this study of critically ill patients, of whom more than half had bone marrow failure, almost three quarters of prophylactic platelet transfusions led to suboptimal platelet increment measured 18 t...
Platelet transfusion carries risk of transfusion-transmitted infection (TTI). Pathogen reduction of platelet components (PRPC) is designed to reduce TTI. Pulmonary adverse events (AEs), including tran...
An open label, sequential cohort study of transfusion-dependent hematology-oncology patients was conducted to compare pulmonary safety of PRPC with conventional PC (CPC). The primary outcome was the i...
By modified intent-to-treat (mITT), 1068 patients received 5277 PRPC and 1223 patients received 5487 CPC. The cohorts had similar demographics, primary disease, and primary therapy. PRPC were non-infe...
PRPC demonstrated reduced TEAMV with no excess treatment-related pulmonary morbidity....
Benefits of prophylactic platelet (PLT) transfusion before dentoalveolar surgery are unclear. This study investigated the effect of prophylactic PLT transfusions on the incidence of postoperative blee...
The cohort in this retrospective study comprised 83 patients with thrombocytopenia ≤ 75*10...
POB events were observed in 5 of 83 patients (6.0%) who had a median PLT count of 35*10...
Our data indicate that prophylactic PLT transfusions in thrombocytopenic patients with PLT counts ≤ 75*10...
Thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 150 × 10...
We conducted a prospective cohort study in adult ICU patients in 52 ICUs across 10 countries. We assessed frequencies of thrombocytopenia, use of platelet transfusions and clinical outcomes including ...
We analysed 1166 ICU patients; the median age was 63 years and 39.5% were female. Overall, 43.2% (95% confidence interval (CI) 40.4-46.1) had thrombocytopenia; 23.4% (20-26) had thrombocytopenia at IC...
Thrombocytopenia occurred in 43% of critically ill patients and was associated with worse outcomes including increased mortality. Platelet transfusions were given to 23% of patients with thrombocytope...