Odontoid fractures in association with a C1-C2 rotatory luxation reports are seldom found in the literature. The fusion between the lateral mass of C1 and C2 could be of interest to ensure adequate tr...
This was a single-center, retrospective, cohort study of patients with C2 fractures (mixed type and C1-C2 rotatory luxation according to the Fielding classification) who were treated surgically. Radio...
Twenty-three patients were diagnosed with C2 fractures and C1-C2 rotatory luxation that were treated surgically and were suitable for the analysis; 11 patients underwent C1-C2 fusion with intra-articu...
C2 fractures associated with C1-C2 rotatory dislocation are rare. The fusion rate at the level of the odontoid in these patients appears to be lower than that reported in patients without rotatory dis...
The role of complement in human autoimmune, inflammatory, and infectious diseases is reviewed, focusing on clinical applicability. A typical case is presented in which serum testing for C3 and C4 is p...
To compare surgical outcomes of C2 dome-like laminectomy with C2 partial laminectomy in patients with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) up to the C2 level and above....
32 patients underwent surgical treatment for OPLL up to C2 and were divided into: C2 dome-like laminectomy group (C2-DOM group,...
The JOA score and NDI significantly improved at the final follow-up in both groups with no significant intergroup differences. There were no significant differences in preoperative dura width at C2/3 ...
C2-DOM is less demolitive and reduces postoperative neck pain, while C2-PL can achieve more adequate decompression without increasing the risk of postoperative cervical kyphosis....
Analysis using three-dimensional simulation software for spinal screw placement and computed tomographic scan images....
To assess the feasibility of achieving multiple (three or four) screw fixation points in C2 vertebra by using a combination of pedicle and laminar screws....
Secure C2 fixation using multiple screws is required or beneficial in some unique cases. However, to the best of our knowledge, there have been no reports analyzing the feasibility of multiple screw f...
We used 1.0-mm interval computed tomographic scan images of 100 patients (50 men and 50 women) and screw trajectory simulation software. The diameter of all screws was set at 3.5 mm, considering its c...
In 85% of cases, both pedicle and laminar screws could be placed on both sides, allowing for the insertion of 4 screws. In 11% of cases, 2 screws could be placed on one side, while only 1 screw was fe...
C2 vertebra can accommodate three (11%) or four (85%) screws in 96% of cases....
Retrospective cohort analysis....
To determine whether the C2 exposure technique was a predictor of change in cervical alignment and patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs) after posterior cervical decompression and fusion (PCDF) f...
In PCDF handling of the C2 posterior paraspinal musculature during the operative approach varies by surgeon technique. To date, no studies have investigated whether maintenance of the upper cervical s...
All adult patients who underwent C2-T2 PCDF for myelopathy or myeloradiculopathy at multi-institutional academic centers between 2013 and 2020 were retrospectively identified. Patients were dichotomiz...
A total of 129 patients met the inclusion/exclusion criteria (73 muscle preservation and 56 muscle reflection). Patients in the muscular preservation group were on average younger (P= 0.005) and more ...
Preservation of C2 semispinalis attachments versus muscular reflection did not significantly impact cervical alignment, clinical outcomes, or proximal junction complications in long-segment PCDF....
Level III....
Tumorous involvement of the second cervical vertebra is an infrequent, but severe disease. Primary tumors and solitary metastases can be addressed by a radical procedure, a complete removal of the who...
Between 2006 and 2019 we performed 10 total resections of C2 for primary bone tumor or solitary metastasis at our department. Operation was indicated for chordoma in 4 cases and for other diagnoses (p...
A stable upper cervical spine was achieved in all patients. A solid bone fusion over the whole instrumentation was present in all living patients and they returned to their preoperative activity level...
Total spondylectomy of C2 is an exceptional surgical procedure associated with risk of serious complications but offers chance for a complete recovery of the patient. Defining indications accurately, ...
Single center, retrospective cohort study....
Little is known about the surgical outcomes and quality of life in patients with C2-sacrum posterior spinal fusion (PSF). Though it is thought to be a "final" construct, it remains unknown how patient...
Consecutive patients undergoing C2-Sacrum PSF from 2015-2020 by 4 surgeons at a single institution were included. The study time period for each patient began after their index operation that led to t...
Of the 23 patients who underwent C2-sacrum PSF, 6 patients (26%) required a total of 10 reoperations after a mean of 1.5 years (range 0-4 years) after C2-sacrum PSF. Five reoperations were for mechani...
Though C2-sacrum PSF is thought to be a "final" construct, approximately 1 in 4 patients require subsequent operations. However, C2-sacrum PSF patients had a significant improvement in SRS and ODI sco...
The complement system is a multicomponent and multifunctional arm of the innate immune system. Complement contributes to non-specific host defence and maintains homeostasis through multifaceted proces...
