Leptospirosis is a global zoonotic and waterborne disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira species. Antibiotics are used as a strategy for prevention of leptospirosis, in particular in travellers and h...
To evaluate the benefits and harms of antibiotic prophylaxis for human leptospirosis....
We identified randomised clinical trials through electronic searches of the Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group Controlled Trials Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS, Science Citation Index Expanded,...
We included randomised clinical trials of any trial design, assessing antibiotics for prevention of leptospirosis, and with no restrictions on age, sex, occupation, or comorbidity of trial participa...
We followed Cochrane methodology. The primary outcomes were all-cause mortality, laboratory-confirmed leptospirosis regardless of the presence of an identified clinical syndrome (inclusive of asymptom...
We identified five randomised clinical trials comprising 2593 participants that compared antibiotics (doxycycline, azithromycin, or penicillin) with placebo, or one antibiotic compared with another. F...
We do not know if antibiotics versus placebo or another antibiotic has little or have no effect on all-cause mortality or leptospirosis infection because the certainty of evidence is low or very low. ...
Corneal abrasion is a common disorder frequently faced by ophthalmologists, emergency physicians, and primary care physicians. Ocular antibiotics are one of the management options for corneal abrasion...
To assess the safety and efficacy of topical antibiotic prophylaxis following corneal abrasion. Our objectives were 1) to investigate the incidence of infection with antibiotics versus placebo or alte...
We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (which contains the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Trials Register; 2021, Issue 4), Ovid MEDLINE, Embase.com, PubMed, the Latin Ameri...
We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing antibiotic with another antibiotic or placebo in children and adults with corneal abrasion due to any cause....
We used standard Cochrane methodology and assessed the certainty of the body of evidence for the prespecified outcomes using the GRADE classification....
Our search of the electronic databases yielded 8661 records. We screened 7690 titles and abstracts after removal of duplicates. We retrieved 32 full-text reports for further review. We included two st...
Given the low to very low certainty of the available evidence, any beneficial effects of antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing ocular infection or accelerating epithelial healing following a corneal ab...
Antibiotic prophylaxis is the use of antibiotics perioperatively to prevent infections at the surgical site or distant locations. The decision to provide prophylaxis must balance risks of antibiotic r...
This narrative review discusses basic principles of the perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) in premature and at term newborns and refers to some particularities concerning the indication and do...
In the U.S. there are thousands of ballistic firearm injuries to the extremities and subsequent infections, yearly. There is a lack of consensus regarding the ideal duration of antibiotic treatment to...
Retrospective chart review of ballistic extremity fracture patients from a single trauma center from 01/01/2010 to 12/31/2020....
Of 1611 fracture cases screened, 193 met our inclusion criteria. Infection rate was significantly higher among patients who received antibiotic prophylaxis for ≥48 hours (19.4%) compared to those who ...
Across all analyses in the present study, there was not a single correlation between antibiotic prophylaxis duration for ≥48 hours and lower rates of subsequent infection. For patients with ballistic ...
Although there is limited evidence for regulating the use of prophylactic antibiotics in reduction mammaplasty, many plastic surgeons prescribe them, even in the postoperative period. This study aimed...
An anonymous survey comprising 19 questions was sent to all 4864 active members of the Brazilian Society of Plastic Surgery (SBCP). The surgeons electronically received the invitation to participate i...
In total, 859 surgeons (17.7%) responded. Most respondents (77.8%) were men and aged 35-55 years (61.5%); 58.6% of them had 10-29 years of specialty training. Only a minor proportion of the respondent...
Most responding plastic surgeons affirmed that they prescribed prophylactic antibiotics for more than 24 h in reduction mammaplasty cases....
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Inst...
Mounting evidence suggests that breast reduction surgery displays higher rates of surgical site infections (SSI) than initially presumed. Objective of this network meta-analysis is to evaluate the eff...
A network meta-analysis was conducted using a predetermined protocol after searching the electronic databases MEDLINE, Scopus, the Cochrane Library and US National Institutes of Health Ongoing Trials ...
A total of 10 studies was included in the analysis involving 1331 patients. All but one study controlled for major risk factors, and no differences were observed in patients' baseline characteristics....
Antibiotics mitigate the SSI rate after breast reduction. This meta-analysis provides an evidence-based strategy to optimize antibiotic administration. Further research is needed though to examine ant...
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Inst...
The question of antibiotic prophylaxis and its role in prevention of infective endocarditis (IE) remains controversial, with differing recommendations from international societies. The aim of this rev...
International guidelines for administration of antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of IE are largely unchanged since 2009. Studies on the impact of the more restrictive antibiotic prophylaxis recomm...
Surgical site infections (SSI) can represent a major complication of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). We summarize the outcomes of process improvement efforts to reduce the SSI rates in PD that includes ...
A single-center review of PD patients from January-2012 to March-2021. Study groups were divided into Pre and Post May-2015 (Group 1 and 2, respectively) when Ceftriaxone-Metronidazole prophylaxis and...
Six hundred ninety patients identified [267(38.7%) and 423(61.3%) in Group 1 and Group2, respectively]. After antibiotic change, SSI rates decreased from 28.1% to 16.5% (incisional: 17.6%-7.5%, organ-...
Ongoing process improvement has resulted in decreased SSIs with Ceftriaxone-Metronidazole prophylaxis. The benefit of Ceftriaxone-Metronidazole is independent of the biliary microbiome. Improving prop...
Infective endocarditis is a severe infection arising in the lining of the chambers of the heart. It can be caused by fungi, but most often is caused by bacteria. Many dental procedures cause bacteraem...
Primary objective To determine whether prophylactic antibiotic administration, compared to no antibiotic administration or placebo, before invasive dental procedures in people at risk or at high risk ...
An information specialist searched four bibliographic databases up to 10 May 2021 and used additional search methods to identify published, unpublished and ongoing studies SELECTION CRITERIA: Due to t...
Two review authors independently screened search records, selected studies for inclusion, assessed the risk of bias in the included study and extracted data from the included study. As an author team,...
Our new search did not find any new studies for inclusion since the last version of the review in 2013. No randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled clinical trials (CCTs) or cohort studies were...
There remains no clear evidence about whether antibiotic prophylaxis is effective or ineffective against bacterial endocarditis in at-risk people who are about to undergo an invasive dental procedure....
