Titre : Virologie

Virologie : Questions médicales fréquentes

Termes MeSH sélectionnés :

Hand Hygiene
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"@type": "Answer", "text": "C'est un test qui amplifie l'ADN viral pour détecter la présence de virus." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment identifier une grippe virale ?", "position": 4, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Des tests rapides et des cultures de virus peuvent confirmer une grippe." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels symptômes indiquent une infection virale ?", "position": 5, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Fièvre, fatigue, douleurs musculaires et symptômes respiratoires sont courants." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels sont les symptômes de l'hépatite virale ?", "position": 6, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Jaunisse, fatigue, douleurs abdominales et perte d'appétit sont fréquents." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment se manifeste le COVID-19 ?", "position": 7, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Fièvre, toux, essoufflement et perte de goût sont des symptômes clés." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels signes d'infection par le virus de la varicelle ?", "position": 8, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Éruption cutanée, démangeaisons et fièvre sont typiques de la varicelle." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels symptômes d'une infection à rhinovirus ?", "position": 9, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Congestion nasale, éternuements et maux de gorge sont courants." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels symptômes d'une infection par le virus Ebola ?", "position": 10, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Fièvre, vomissements, diarrhée et hémorragies peuvent se manifester." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment prévenir l'infection par le VIH ?", "position": 11, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Utiliser des préservatifs et des traitements prophylactiques comme le PrEP." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quelles vaccins pour prévenir la grippe ?", "position": 12, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Le vaccin antigrippal est recommandé chaque année pour réduire le risque." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment éviter la transmission du COVID-19 ?", "position": 13, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Porter un masque, se laver les mains et se faire vacciner sont essentiels." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quelles mesures pour prévenir l'hépatite A ?", "position": 14, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Vaccination et hygiène alimentaire sont cruciales pour prévenir l'hépatite A." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment prévenir la varicelle ?", "position": 15, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "La vaccination est le moyen le plus efficace de prévenir la varicelle." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels traitements pour le VIH ?", "position": 16, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les antirétroviraux sont utilisés pour contrôler l'infection par le VIH." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment traiter une grippe ?", "position": 17, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les antiviraux comme l'oseltamivir peuvent réduire la durée des symptômes." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Y a-t-il un traitement pour l'hépatite C ?", "position": 18, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, des antiviraux à action directe peuvent guérir l'hépatite C." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment traiter une infection à coronavirus ?", "position": 19, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les traitements incluent des antiviraux et des soins de soutien selon la gravité." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels sont les traitements pour la varicelle ?", "position": 20, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Des antihistaminiques et des antiviraux peuvent soulager les symptômes." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quelles complications de l'hépatite B ?", "position": 21, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Cirrhose et cancer du foie peuvent survenir chez les patients chroniques." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quelles complications du virus Ebola ?", "position": 22, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les complications incluent des troubles hémorragiques et des défaillances organiques." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels risques liés à la grippe ?", "position": 23, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Des pneumonies et des exacerbations d'asthme peuvent survenir chez les vulnérables." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quelles complications du COVID-19 ?", "position": 24, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Des problèmes respiratoires chroniques et des troubles neurologiques peuvent apparaître." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quelles complications de la varicelle ?", "position": 25, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Infections bactériennes secondaires et pneumonie peuvent survenir chez les adultes." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels sont les facteurs de risque pour le VIH ?", "position": 26, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les rapports non protégés et l'utilisation de drogues injectables augmentent le risque." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Qui est à risque de grippe sévère ?", "position": 27, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les personnes âgées, les jeunes enfants et les immunodéprimés sont plus à risque." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels facteurs augmentent le risque d'hépatite C ?", "position": 28, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "L'utilisation de drogues injectables et les transfusions sanguines non sécurisées sont des risques." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels sont les facteurs de risque pour le COVID-19 ?", "position": 29, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "L'âge avancé, les maladies chroniques et l'obésité augmentent le risque de complications." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Qui est à risque de varicelle ?", "position": 30, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les personnes non vaccinées et celles ayant un système immunitaire affaibli sont à risque." } } ] } ] }

Sources (5549 au total)

Individual hand hygiene improvements and effects on healthcare-associated infections: a long-term follow-up study using an electronic hand hygiene monitoring system.

Obtaining detailed insights into people's unique hand hygiene behaviour could play an important role in developing the most effective long-term hand hygiene compliance (HHC) interventions.... To investigate the effect of two feedback interventions provided by an electronic hand hygiene monitoring system (EHHMS) on sustained HHC improvement, individual responsiveness, and prevention of hosp... The study included two 2-year cohorts (exposed and unexposed to EHHMS) observed over 4 years in an internal medicine department with 142 caregivers and 39 doctors. Healthcare workers (HCWs) were strat... All HCWs increased their HHC independently from their performance at baseline, except for a few in the low-performance groups with constantly low HHC. The two low-performance groups at baseline were m... The EHHMS interventions sustained the HHC improvements successfully and reduced the number of cases of HABSI. Nearly all HCWs responded to the interventions. The two low-performance groups at baseline...

The power of feedback: Implementing a comprehensive hand hygiene observer program.

Hand hygiene (HH) is a fundamental component of infection prevention within all healthcare settings. We implemented a hospital-wide program built on overt HH observation, real-time feedback, and thema... A robust observer training program was established to include foundational training in the WHO's My Five Moments of HH. Observational data from 2011 to 2019 were analyzed by unit, provider type, and t... During the study period, we conducted 160,917 hospital-wide observations on 29 units (monthly average of 1,490 observations). Institutional compliance remained above 95% from 2013 to 2019. Thematic an... Overt observations facilitated communication between HH program and healthcare staff to better understand workflow and educate staff on HH opportunities. This program is an integral part of the Infect... In addition to having rich HH data, successes of this program, include increased awareness of IPC practices, enhanced communication about patient safety, enriched dialog and feedback around HH misses,...

Compliance of patient companions and visitors with hand hygiene: an observational study.

Hand hygiene is a simple and low-cost practice to prevent the spread of many micro-organisms that cause healthcare-associated infections.... This is a descriptive study designed to investigate the compliance of patient companions and visitors with hand hygiene.... The study included 209 companions and visitors of patients hospitalized in a university hospital in the west of Turkey. A demographics and hand hygiene questionnaire and a hand hygiene practice observ... Of the patient companions and visitors, 96.2% stated that they did not receive training on the importance of handwashing during their stay in the hospital, and 74.6% stated that handwashing was very i... The patient companions and visitors received no training on the importance of hand hygiene during the hospital stay, and the observed rate of compliance with hand hygiene was lower than stated. Recomm...

Action research on promoting hand hygiene practices in an intensive care unit.

Evaluate the intensive care acquired infections incidence and the change over time in infection practices in one intensive care unit.... We used an action research approach with cyclical activities.... Our study included two cycles with hand hygiene observation based on the WHO's five-moments observation tool, observing hand hygiene practices, analysing the observations, and giving feedback on obser... During the study, annual alcohol-based hand rub consumption increased by 6.7 litres per 1000 patient days and observed hand hygiene compliance improved. In the first cycle of the study, there was a de...

Are emojis ready to promote the WHO 5 moments for hand hygiene in healthcare?

Hand hygiene is universally recognized as a cornerstone measure for the prevention of healthcare-associated infections. Although the WHO "My five Moments for hand hygiene" poster has been used for mor... Following a thorough review of the Unicode version 12.0, the most applicable emojis to the terms used in the WHO 5 Moments poster were extracted. We developed a self-administered questionnaire to asse... A total of 95 IPC practitioners completed the questionnaire from May to October 2019 from different countries. Of these, 69 (74%) were female, and the mean age of the participants was 44.6 ± 10.87 yea... In summary, the findings of this study indicate that the existing emojis may not be able to substitute the words used in the WHO 5 Moments poster. Emojis might be helpful to address hand hygiene indic...

Pilot study of using thermal imaging to assess hand hygiene technique.

Currently, there is no standard method for assessing hand hygiene (HH) technique. We explored the use of thermal imaging to determine if alcohol-based sanitizer (ABHS) has been applied to fingertips a... A FLIR thermal camera attached to an iPhone with FLIR app was used to obtain thermal images of volunteers' dominant hand before and after performing HH with an ABHS. Temperature readings of the mid-pa... In 11 of 12 volunteers, thermal images revealed significant decreases in mid-palm, finger and thumb temperatures after performing HH (P < .01 for all sites), confirming visual assessment of coverage. ... Thermal imaging of HH performance shows promise for assessing HH technique. Additional studies involving a larger number of persons under varying conditions are needed to establish if thermal imaging ...

Is there a relationship between nurses' hand hygiene beliefs, practices and ethical sensitivity?

Hand hygiene is the most important way to prevent health care-associated infections. It is important for all nurses that come in physical contact with patients the most to follow hand hygiene rules.... This study aimed to determine the relationship between nurses' hand hygiene beliefs and practices and their ethical sensitivity.... This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with nurses working in internal medicine, surgery and intensive care clinics of a university hospital between June and August 2022. A total of ... Findings support that nurses have moderate ethical sensitivity (88.36 ± 26.33), good hand hygiene beliefs (85.60 ± 9.21) and practice (66.14 ± 5.90). Despite there being no statistical significance in... It can be said that the ethical sensitivity of nurses does not affect their hand hygiene practices, and the hand hygiene and ethics education they receive after school education increases their hand h...

Hand hygiene practices in Caribbean and Latin American countries: An integrative review.

To explore what is known about knowledge, attitudes and beliefs that influence hand hygiene practices in in low- and middle-income Caribbean and Latin American countries.... With the emergence of infectious diseases such as the recent COVID-19 pandemic, handwashing is key to preventing communicable diseases as they disproportionately affect populations in low-income count... Following PRISMA 2020 Checklist, an integrative review of studies published from 2008-2020 was conducted (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses). Whittemore and Knafl's me... The review yielded 18 studies conducted across Latin America. Poor handwashing practices are influenced by various factors including inadequate education and training, cultural beliefs, lack of resour... Future post-disaster campaigns aimed at improving hand hygiene and handwashing practices should focus on beliefs and attitudes to affect behaviour change since there was a higher disease susceptibilit... Researchers working with populations in Latin America and the Caribbean should partner with local community health workers to improve compliance to recommended hand hygiene practices....