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"description": "Comment diagnostique-t-on une infection virale ?\nQuels tests sont utilisés pour le VIH ?\nQu'est-ce qu'un test PCR ?\nComment identifier une grippe virale ?\nQuels symptômes indiquent une infection virale ?",
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"description": "Quels sont les facteurs de risque pour le VIH ?\nQui est à risque de grippe sévère ?\nQuels facteurs augmentent le risque d'hépatite C ?\nQuels sont les facteurs de risque pour le COVID-19 ?\nQui est à risque de varicelle ?",
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"name": "Comment diagnostique-t-on une infection virale ?",
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"text": "Le diagnostic repose sur des tests PCR, sérologiques et parfois des cultures virales."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels tests sont utilisés pour le VIH ?",
"position": 2,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les tests de dépistage incluent les tests ELISA et les tests de charge virale."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Qu'est-ce qu'un test PCR ?",
"position": 3,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "C'est un test qui amplifie l'ADN viral pour détecter la présence de virus."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment identifier une grippe virale ?",
"position": 4,
"acceptedAnswer": {
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"text": "Des tests rapides et des cultures de virus peuvent confirmer une grippe."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels symptômes indiquent une infection virale ?",
"position": 5,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Fièvre, fatigue, douleurs musculaires et symptômes respiratoires sont courants."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels sont les symptômes de l'hépatite virale ?",
"position": 6,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Jaunisse, fatigue, douleurs abdominales et perte d'appétit sont fréquents."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment se manifeste le COVID-19 ?",
"position": 7,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Fièvre, toux, essoufflement et perte de goût sont des symptômes clés."
}
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{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels signes d'infection par le virus de la varicelle ?",
"position": 8,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Éruption cutanée, démangeaisons et fièvre sont typiques de la varicelle."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels symptômes d'une infection à rhinovirus ?",
"position": 9,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Congestion nasale, éternuements et maux de gorge sont courants."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels symptômes d'une infection par le virus Ebola ?",
"position": 10,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Fièvre, vomissements, diarrhée et hémorragies peuvent se manifester."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment prévenir l'infection par le VIH ?",
"position": 11,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Utiliser des préservatifs et des traitements prophylactiques comme le PrEP."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles vaccins pour prévenir la grippe ?",
"position": 12,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Le vaccin antigrippal est recommandé chaque année pour réduire le risque."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment éviter la transmission du COVID-19 ?",
"position": 13,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Porter un masque, se laver les mains et se faire vacciner sont essentiels."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles mesures pour prévenir l'hépatite A ?",
"position": 14,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Vaccination et hygiène alimentaire sont cruciales pour prévenir l'hépatite A."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment prévenir la varicelle ?",
"position": 15,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "La vaccination est le moyen le plus efficace de prévenir la varicelle."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels traitements pour le VIH ?",
"position": 16,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les antirétroviraux sont utilisés pour contrôler l'infection par le VIH."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment traiter une grippe ?",
"position": 17,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les antiviraux comme l'oseltamivir peuvent réduire la durée des symptômes."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Y a-t-il un traitement pour l'hépatite C ?",
"position": 18,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, des antiviraux à action directe peuvent guérir l'hépatite C."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment traiter une infection à coronavirus ?",
"position": 19,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les traitements incluent des antiviraux et des soins de soutien selon la gravité."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels sont les traitements pour la varicelle ?",
"position": 20,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Des antihistaminiques et des antiviraux peuvent soulager les symptômes."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles complications de l'hépatite B ?",
"position": 21,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Cirrhose et cancer du foie peuvent survenir chez les patients chroniques."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles complications du virus Ebola ?",
"position": 22,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les complications incluent des troubles hémorragiques et des défaillances organiques."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels risques liés à la grippe ?",
"position": 23,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Des pneumonies et des exacerbations d'asthme peuvent survenir chez les vulnérables."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles complications du COVID-19 ?",
"position": 24,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Des problèmes respiratoires chroniques et des troubles neurologiques peuvent apparaître."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles complications de la varicelle ?",
"position": 25,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Infections bactériennes secondaires et pneumonie peuvent survenir chez les adultes."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels sont les facteurs de risque pour le VIH ?",
"position": 26,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les rapports non protégés et l'utilisation de drogues injectables augmentent le risque."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Qui est à risque de grippe sévère ?",
"position": 27,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les personnes âgées, les jeunes enfants et les immunodéprimés sont plus à risque."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels facteurs augmentent le risque d'hépatite C ?",
"position": 28,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "L'utilisation de drogues injectables et les transfusions sanguines non sécurisées sont des risques."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels sont les facteurs de risque pour le COVID-19 ?",
"position": 29,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "L'âge avancé, les maladies chroniques et l'obésité augmentent le risque de complications."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Qui est à risque de varicelle ?",
"position": 30,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les personnes non vaccinées et celles ayant un système immunitaire affaibli sont à risque."
}
}
]
}
]
}
Screening tools such as the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) could potentially be used in resource-limited settings to identify adolescents who nee...
Adolescents were recruited from the general population and from nongovernmental organizations working with adolescents in need of mental health support. The PHQ-9 and GAD-7 were culturally adapted and...
For the PHQ-9, the area under the curve was 0.88 for the full sample of adolescents (10-19 years old). A score of ≥10 had 91% sensitivity and 76% specificity for detecting adolescents with depression....
The culturally adapted isiXhosa version of the PHQ-9 can be used as a valid measure for depression in adolescents. Further research on the GAD-7 for use with adolescents is recommended....
Common Psychiatric Disorders (CPDs) are associated with the development of overweight and obesity, the strongest risk factors for the onset and maintenance of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2D). To the be...
This is a monocentric cross-sectional study; n = 184 T2D patients were screened for CPDs using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ). Primary outcome was to evaluate the prevalence of CPDs. To assess...
64.1% were men, median age was 67 (59-64) and median BMI 27 (25-30) kg/m...
Prevalence of CPDs in T2D patients is higher than in the general population. Since CPDs favor the onset and subsistence of T2D, integrated diabetic-psychiatric therapy is required for improvement or r...
We compared the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-2 to the PHQ-9 and examined the implications of using various cutoff scores on the PHQ-2 to detect moderate or greater depressive symptoms on the PHQ...
Demographic and depression screening data from 3,256 routine preventive visits for patients aged 12-25 years at the adolescent and young adult clinic at Children's Hospital Colorado between March 2017...
A PHQ-2 score ≥2 had a sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 83% for detecting patients with moderate or greater depressive symptoms on the PHQ-9. On a receiver operating characteristic curve, a PHQ-2...
Lowering the positive PHQ-2 cutoff to ≥2 has several clinical advantages, including increased detection of moderate or greater depressive symptoms and depressive disorders. Providers may increase iden...
Depression is prevalent among patients with chronic pain and may impact pain management. An accurate assessment is, however, complicated by overlapping symptoms. This study investigated how patients w...
Cognitive interviews using the Three-Step Test-Interview procedure were conducted during the completion of the PHQ-9 in 33 patients with high-impact chronic pain referred to interdisciplinary treatmen...
Three items (items 2, 6, and 9) performed as intended (>97% congruent responses), while 7 items (items 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 10) were identified as problematic (<50% congruent responses). Problematic ...
Problematic items limit the construct validity of the PHQ-9, leaving an increased risk of inflated depression scores in high-impact chronic pain. Identified problems should guide future revisions to e...
Anxiety and depression are psychiatric disorders that often coexist and share some features. Developing a simple and cost-effective tool to assess anxiety and depression in the Arabic-speaking populat...
587 Arabic-speaking adults were recruited between February and March 2023. An anonymous self-administered Google Forms link was distributed via social media networks. We utilized the FACTOR software t...
Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) indicated that fit of the two-factor model of the PHQ-4 scores was modest (χ...
The PHQ-4 proves to be a reliable, valid, and cost-effective tool for assessing symptoms related to depression and anxiety. To evaluate the practical effectiveness of the Arabic PHQ-4 and to further e...
The four-item Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) is a widely used screening measure for depression and anxiety....
This study aimed to test factor structure and measurement invariance in an adult sample of the general population across seven European countries....
A total sample of 9230 adults, 71.3 % female, M...
The CFA yielded that a two-factor PHQ-4 model with separate depression and anxiety factors had the best fit. Partial scalar measurement invariance was established across different groups based on gend...
The PHQ-4 is a valid and reliable measure that can be applied to screen for depression and anxiety in the general population....
The limitation of the study includes the sampling, which resulted in the sample structure with the majority of females, predominantly of high education and from urban communities....
The prevalence of mental health disorders is known to be high among university students globally. Currently there are only a few studies on depression among university students in Sri Lanka. The aim o...
A cross sectional survey using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was conducted among 637, second-year students from the faculties of Management Studies & Commerce, Science and Medicine at the U...
MDD was considered to have been experienced by 31% of the students. From all three faculties, 70% of the students claimed to have experienced some form of depression ranging from mild to severe. The f...
Due to the high MDD risk among university students, it is imperative to develop psychosocial interventions to ensure early detection of mental health disorders and provide adequate support to safeguar...
The aim of this study was to test factor structure, measurement invariance, and concurrent validity of the nine item Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the seven item Generalized Anxiety Disor...
Outpatients completed the PHQ-9, GAD-7, and the Working Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS) before starting treatment. Study design was cross-sectional, with convenience sampling. The total sample consiste...
Both PHQ-9 and GAD-7 demonstrated better fit statistics with two-factor and bifactor solutions consisting of a cognitive and somatic factor. Omega hierarchical was .78 for PHQ-9 and .81 for GAD-7. Bot...
This study shows that the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 may be used as one-dimensional instruments in clinical settings. Tests for measurement invariance supported that both measures are understood and interpreted ...
Toxic oil syndrome (TOS) is a multisystemic disease due to a massive intoxication. To evaluate physical and mental health of TOS patients, we used the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and the Pat...
895 TOS patients who participated in the prior SF-36v2 study were invited to participate. We described patients' demographic and clinical characteristics, HAQ and PHQ-9 results. HAQ and PHQ-9 scores w...
In total, 828 (92.5%) TOS annual follow-up and HAQ and 810 (90.5%) PHQ-9 valid questionnaires were analysed. Participants' average age was 65.4 (Standard Deviation (SD): 13.4), 521 (62.9%) were women,...
TOS cohort presented low/very low health status measured with SF-36v2, moderate difficulties in performing daily activities according to HAQ, and a high prevalence of major depression measured with PH...
Measures that produce valid and reliable antenatal depressive symptom scores in low-resource country contexts are important for efforts to illuminate risk factors, outcomes, and effective intervention...
