Titre : Virulence

Virulence : Questions médicales fréquentes

Termes MeSH sélectionnés :

Cataract
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augmente-t-elle la virulence ?\nComment l'environnement influence-t-il la virulence ?\nLes habitudes de vie peuvent-elles affecter la virulence ?\nLes voyages augmentent-ils le risque de virulence ?", "url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/mesh/D014774?mesh_terms=Cataract&page=3#section-facteurs de risque" } ] }, { "@type": "FAQPage", "mainEntity": [ { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment évaluer la virulence d'un pathogène ?", "position": 1, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "La virulence peut être évaluée par des tests de culture, des modèles animaux et des analyses génétiques." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels tests sont utilisés pour diagnostiquer une infection virulente ?", "position": 2, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Des cultures microbiologiques, des tests PCR et des sérologies sont couramment utilisés." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "La virulence peut-elle être mesurée quantitativement ?", "position": 3, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, des indices comme le LD50 (dose létale) permettent de quantifier la virulence." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels signes cliniques indiquent une virulence élevée ?", "position": 4, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Une virulence élevée se manifeste par des symptômes graves, une progression rapide de la maladie." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment les tests génétiques aident-ils au diagnostic ?", "position": 5, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les tests génétiques identifient des gènes de virulence spécifiques, facilitant le diagnostic." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels sont les symptômes d'une infection virulente ?", "position": 6, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les symptômes varient, mais incluent fièvre, douleur, inflammation et fatigue intense." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "La virulence influence-t-elle la gravité des symptômes ?", "position": 7, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, une virulence élevée entraîne souvent des symptômes plus graves et des complications." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels symptômes sont associés à des bactéries hautement virulentes ?", "position": 8, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Des symptômes comme septicémie, choc toxique et défaillance multi-organes peuvent survenir." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Les symptômes varient-ils selon le pathogène ?", "position": 9, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, chaque pathogène a un profil symptomatique distinct en fonction de sa virulence." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment les symptômes évoluent-ils avec la virulence ?", "position": 10, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Une virulence accrue peut entraîner une progression rapide et des symptômes plus sévères." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment prévenir les infections virulentes ?", "position": 11, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "La prévention inclut l'hygiène, la vaccination et l'éducation sur les modes de transmission." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Les mesures d'hygiène réduisent-elles la virulence ?", "position": 12, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, une bonne hygiène diminue la transmission et donc l'impact de la virulence." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quel rôle joue la vaccination dans la virulence ?", "position": 13, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "La vaccination prépare le système immunitaire, réduisant ainsi la virulence des infections." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Les campagnes de sensibilisation sont-elles efficaces ?", "position": 14, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, elles augmentent la connaissance des risques et des mesures préventives contre la virulence." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment le contrôle des infections aide-t-il à prévenir la virulence ?", "position": 15, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Le contrôle des infections limite la propagation des agents pathogènes virulents dans la population." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels traitements sont efficaces contre les infections virulentes ?", "position": 16, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les antibiotiques, antiviraux et traitements symptomatiques sont utilisés selon le pathogène." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "La résistance aux antibiotiques affecte-t-elle la virulence ?", "position": 17, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, la résistance peut augmenter la virulence en rendant les infections plus difficiles à traiter." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment la virulence influence-t-elle le choix du traitement ?", "position": 18, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Une virulence élevée nécessite souvent des traitements plus agressifs et une surveillance étroite." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Les vaccins peuvent-ils réduire la virulence ?", "position": 19, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, les vaccins peuvent diminuer la virulence en préparant le système immunitaire à réagir." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels sont les défis dans le traitement des infections virulentes ?", "position": 20, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les défis incluent la résistance aux médicaments, la virulence variable et les co-infections." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quelles complications peuvent survenir avec une virulence élevée ?", "position": 21, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Des complications comme la septicémie, l'insuffisance organique et la mort peuvent survenir." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "La virulence peut-elle entraîner des complications à long terme ?", "position": 22, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, certaines infections virulentes peuvent causer des séquelles chroniques et des maladies persistantes." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment gérer les complications liées à la virulence ?", "position": 23, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "La gestion inclut un traitement rapide, un suivi médical et des soins de soutien appropriés." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Les complications varient-elles selon le pathogène ?", "position": 24, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, chaque pathogène peut entraîner des complications spécifiques en fonction de sa virulence." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels facteurs aggravent les complications virulentes ?", "position": 25, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "L'âge, les comorbidités et l'immunodépression peuvent aggraver les complications virulentes." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels sont les principaux facteurs de risque de virulence ?", "position": 26, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les facteurs incluent l'âge, l'état immunitaire, les maladies chroniques et l'exposition environnementale." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "L'immunodépression augmente-t-elle la virulence ?", "position": 27, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, les personnes immunodéprimées sont plus susceptibles de développer des infections virulentes." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment l'environnement influence-t-il la virulence ?", "position": 28, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Des conditions environnementales comme l'hygiène et la densité de population affectent la virulence." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Les habitudes de vie peuvent-elles affecter la virulence ?", "position": 29, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, des habitudes comme le tabagisme et l'alcoolisme peuvent augmenter le risque d'infections virulentes." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Les voyages augmentent-ils le risque de virulence ?", "position": 30, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, les voyages peuvent exposer à des agents pathogènes virulents non présents localement." } } ] } ] }

Sources (2019 au total)

Femtosecond laser assisted cataract surgery in a cataract patient with low vaulted ICL following LASIK: a case report.

Apart from the conventional utilization of ICL implantation for the correction of refractive errors, its recent applications extend to correcting refractive errors post laser refractive surgery. Notab... A 46-year-old male presented with vision loss in the right eye for 9 months, and he had undergone LASIK 22 years prior and had ICL implantation in both eyes 2 years ago to correct refractive error. On... Our report confirms the feasibility of FLACS in managing cataracts in patients with low vault ICL following LASIK. This procedure does not pose significantly greater challenges than in typical catarac...

Immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery: a 13-year real-life report of 56 700 cataract operations.

To assess the frequency of immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery (ISBCS) and endophthalmitis during 13-year period in Tays Eye Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.... All cataract surgeries performed between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2020, and all endophthalmitis cases during the same period were searched from electronic patient records. Numbers and frequencie... The study included 56 700 cataract surgeries in 34 797 patients of whom 39% (n=13 445) had ISBCS. The median age of the patients was 75 (IQR 68-80, range 0.08-99) years at the time of surgery. The pro... The proportion of patients undergoing ISBCS increased from 4.2% in 2008 to 46% in 2020. No endophthalmitis were found to be associated with ISBCS....

Dexamethasone intravitreal implant along with femtosecond laser assisted cataract surgery in patients with diabetic macular edema and cataract.

To assess the safety and efficacy of intraoperative dexamethasone intravitreal (DEX) implant in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) undergoing femtosecond laser assisted cataract surgery (FLACS... In this single-center retrospective study, the charts of patients who underwent combined FLACS and DEX implant in the previous three months were reviewed. Primary outcome measures were ocular complica... 20 eyes of 20 patients were included. None developed intraoperative or postoperative complications. Mean BCVA was 20/120 (logMAR, 0.78 ± 0.31) at baseline and improved significantly to 20/63 (logMAR, ... DEX implant following FLACS seems to be a safe and effective approach for patients with coexisting cataract and DME....

Use of Spectacles after Cataract Surgery.

The goal of this study was to investigate the use of spectacles in everyday life after bilateral cataract surgery with a preoperative refractive target of emmetropia in both eyes. In addition, we anal... Patients after bilateral cataract surgery with implantation of an aspheric monofocal IOL (Tecnis 1, Johnson & Johnson) with a preoperative refractive target of emmetropia in both eyes and a documented... Seventy patients were included in this study. Depending on their postoperative refraction, patients were divided into group A (n = 27) with perfect emmetropia in both eyes (i.e., spherical equivalent ... Most patients who achieve perfect bilateral emmetropia after implantation of monofocal aspheric lenses buy varifocal spectacles within 6 months, and more than half of all patients use their varifocal ...

Comparisons of outcomes and complications of immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery and unilateral cataract surgery in a tertiary hospital in South Korea.

We investigated the proportions of immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery (ISBCS) and unilateral cataract surgery during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and compared visual outcomes bet...

Time and Motion Studies to assess surgical productivity in cataract theatre lists within the National Health Service: Immediate Sequential Bilateral Cataract Surgery versus Delayed Sequential Bilateral Cataract Surgery.

To compare productivity of National Health Service cataract lists performing unilateral cataract (UC) surgery vs Immediate Sequential Bilateral Cataract Surgery (ISBCS).... Five 4-hour lists with ISBCS cases and five with UC were observed using time and motion studies (TMS). Individual tasks and timings of each staff member in theatre was recorded by two observers. All o... Median number of eyes operated per 4-hour list was 8 (range 6-8) in the ISBCS group and 5 (5-7) in the UC group (p = 0.028). Mean total theatre time (defined as time between the entry of the first pat... Performing consecutive ISBCS cases under LA on routine cataract surgery lists can increase surgical efficiency. TMS are a useful way to investigate surgical productivity and test theoretical models fo...

Comparative analysis of changes in retinal layer thickness following femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery and conventional cataract surgery.

To investigate the influence of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) on macula by examining changes in retinal layers after FLACS and to compare these changes with those after conventio... This study included 113 unrelated Korean patients with age-related cataract who underwent CCS or FLACS in Severance Hospital between September 2019 and July 2021. Optical coherence tomography was perf... Compared with the CCS group, the FLACS group exhibited a thicker ORL (P = 0.004) and a thinner INL (P = 0.007) after surgery. All retinal layer thickness values showed significant postoperative change... The 1-month postoperative retinal changes were less pronounced in the FLACS group than in the CCS group....

Mutational spectrum in a Chinese cohort with congenital cataracts.

To identify the mutational spectrum in a Chinese cohort with congenital cataracts.... Probands (n = 164) with congenital cataracts and their affected or unaffected available family members were recruited for clinical examinations and panel-based next-generation sequencing, then classif... After recruitment (n = 442; 228 males and 214 females), 49.32% (218/442) of subjects received a clinical diagnosis of congenital cataracts, and 56.88% (124/218) of patients received a molecular diagno... This study provides a reference for individualized genetic counseling and further extends the mutational spectrum of congenital cataracts....

Dementia and cataract surgery in Australia and New Zealand.

Cataract surgery improves quality of life and reduces cognitive deterioration.... This paper discusses the health implications of low vision, commonly related to cataracts, in older adults. A recent publication reported that cataract surgery reduces the risk of dementia by 30% over... We searched Medline from inception to January 2023. We also conducted backward and forward citation searches of included studies and set up alerts to identify studies published after the search date. ... This article provides a broad description of the importance of vision for cognitive function. We discuss access to public-funded cataract surgery in Australia and New Zealand and how this impacts popu... We have evidence that cataract surgery can decrease the risk of dementia. This is an important topic that deserves recognition as part of an overall ageing response by policymakers and health professi...