Un échantillon est inoculé sur un milieu de culture pour observer la croissance virale.
Culture viraleDiagnostic viral
#2
Quels échantillons sont utilisés pour la culture virale ?
Les échantillons peuvent inclure du sang, des sécrétions respiratoires ou des biopsies.
Échantillons biologiquesCulture virale
#3
Quels tests complètent la culture virale ?
Les tests sérologiques et PCR sont souvent utilisés pour confirmer l'infection virale.
Tests de laboratoireDiagnostic viral
#4
Combien de temps prend une culture virale ?
La culture virale peut prendre de quelques jours à plusieurs semaines selon le virus.
Culture viraleTemps de culture
#5
Quels signes indiquent une infection virale dans une culture ?
L'apparition de cytopathies ou de plaques de lyse indique une infection virale.
Infection viraleCulture virale
Symptômes
5
#1
Quels symptômes peuvent indiquer une infection virale ?
Fièvre, fatigue, toux, douleurs musculaires et éruptions cutanées sont fréquents.
SymptômesInfection virale
#2
Les symptômes varient selon le virus ?
Oui, chaque virus peut provoquer des symptômes spécifiques selon son tropisme.
VirusSymptômes
#3
Comment les symptômes évoluent-ils avec une infection virale ?
Les symptômes peuvent s'aggraver ou s'améliorer selon la réponse immunitaire.
Réponse immunitaireInfection virale
#4
Les symptômes sont-ils toujours présents lors d'une culture virale ?
Pas nécessairement, certains virus peuvent être asymptomatiques lors de la culture.
AsymptomatiqueCulture virale
#5
Quels symptômes nécessitent une culture virale urgente ?
Des symptômes graves comme une détresse respiratoire ou une méningite justifient une culture.
Urgence médicaleCulture virale
Prévention
5
#1
Comment prévenir les infections virales ?
Vaccination, hygiène des mains et éviter le contact avec des personnes infectées.
PréventionVaccination
#2
Les vaccins sont-ils efficaces contre tous les virus ?
Non, chaque vaccin cible des virus spécifiques et leur efficacité varie.
VaccinsPrévention
#3
Quelles mesures d'hygiène sont recommandées ?
Se laver les mains régulièrement et désinfecter les surfaces fréquemment touchées.
HygiènePrévention
#4
Les masques aident-ils à prévenir les infections virales ?
Oui, les masques réduisent la transmission des virus respiratoires.
MasquesPrévention
#5
Les voyages augmentent-ils le risque d'infection virale ?
Oui, les voyages peuvent exposer à de nouveaux virus et à des épidémies.
VoyagesInfection virale
Traitements
5
#1
Quels traitements sont disponibles pour les infections virales ?
Les antiviraux, les immunoglobulines et les traitements symptomatiques sont utilisés.
AntivirauxTraitement antiviral
#2
La culture virale aide-t-elle à choisir un traitement ?
Oui, elle permet d'identifier le virus et de déterminer la sensibilité aux antiviraux.
Culture viraleTraitement antiviral
#3
Les antibiotiques sont-ils efficaces contre les virus ?
Non, les antibiotiques ne sont efficaces que contre les infections bactériennes.
AntibiotiquesInfection virale
#4
Comment les antiviraux agissent-ils ?
Ils inhibent la réplication virale ou modulent la réponse immunitaire.
AntivirauxRéponse immunitaire
#5
Les traitements sont-ils les mêmes pour tous les virus ?
Non, chaque virus peut nécessiter un traitement spécifique selon sa biologie.
VirusTraitement antiviral
Complications
5
#1
Quelles complications peuvent survenir après une infection virale ?
Des complications comme la pneumonie, la méningite ou des syndromes post-viraux peuvent survenir.
ComplicationsInfection virale
#2
Les complications sont-elles prévisibles ?
Certaines complications peuvent être prévisibles selon le virus et l'état de santé du patient.
ComplicationsÉtat de santé
#3
Comment les complications sont-elles traitées ?
Le traitement dépend de la complication, allant des soins de soutien à des interventions spécifiques.
TraitementComplications
#4
Les enfants sont-ils plus à risque de complications ?
Oui, certains virus peuvent entraîner des complications plus graves chez les enfants.
EnfantsComplications
#5
Les personnes âgées sont-elles plus vulnérables aux complications ?
Oui, les personnes âgées ont un système immunitaire affaibli, augmentant le risque de complications.
Personnes âgéesComplications
Facteurs de risque
5
#1
Quels facteurs augmentent le risque d'infection virale ?
Un système immunitaire affaibli, le stress, et des conditions de vie insalubres augmentent le risque.
Facteurs de risqueInfection virale
#2
L'âge influence-t-il le risque d'infection virale ?
Oui, les jeunes enfants et les personnes âgées sont plus susceptibles aux infections virales.
ÂgeInfection virale
#3
Les maladies chroniques augmentent-elles le risque ?
Oui, des maladies comme le diabète ou les maladies pulmonaires augmentent le risque d'infection.
Maladies chroniquesFacteurs de risque
#4
Le mode de vie influence-t-il le risque d'infection virale ?
Oui, un mode de vie sédentaire et une mauvaise alimentation peuvent augmenter le risque.
Mode de vieFacteurs de risque
#5
Les voyages à l'étranger augmentent-ils le risque d'infection ?
Oui, voyager dans des zones endémiques expose à des virus non rencontrés localement.
VoyagesInfection virale
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2The Biodesign Center of Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, School of Life Sciences, Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85287-5001 USA.
3Structural Biology Research Unit, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.
Department of Food Science, Center for Food Safety, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America; College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao, PR China.
Department of Food Science, Center for Food Safety, University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture, Fayetteville, AR 72704, United States of America. Electronic address: keg005@uark.edu.
Ventilator liberation is one of the most challenging aspects in patients with respiratory failure. Most patients are weaned through a transition from full to partial respiratory support, whereas some ...
In this prospective physiology cross-over study, we randomized children < 5 years to first PC-A/C with a 25% reduction in ventilator rate, or CSV (continuous positive airway pressure [CPAP] + PS). Pat...
Thirty-six subjects with a median age of 4.4 (IQR 1.5-11.9) months and median ventilation time of 4.9 (IQR 3.4-7.0) days were included. Nearly all patients (94.4%) were admitted with primary respirato...
Patient effort during pediatric ventilation liberation was not increased when patients were in a CSV mode of ventilation compared to a ventilator mode with a ventilator back-up rate. Reducing the leve...
Oxygen therapy via high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has been extensively used during the COVID-19 pandemic. The number of devices has also increased. We conducted this study to answer the following ques...
Seven devices were tested on ASL 5000 lung model. Compliance was set to 40 mL/cm H...
Baseline WOB and PEEP were comparable between devices. Over all the conditions tested, WOB was 4.2 (1.0-9.4) J/min with the reference device, and the relative variations from it were 0, -3 (2-4), 1 (0...
WOB was marginally higher and PEEP marginally lower with devices as compared to the reference device....
It is unknown if pulmonary alterations in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) impact respiratory mechanics during exercise....
Are the operating lung volumes, work of breathing (Wb), and power of breathing (Pb) abnormal in patients with HFpEF during exercise?...
Patients with HFpEF (n = 8; median age, 71 years [interquartile range (IQR), 66-80 years]) and control participants (n = 9; median age, 68 years [IQR, 64-74 years]) performed incremental cycling to vo...
During exercise, EELVs were not different between patients with HFpEF and control participants (P > .13 for all). EILVs were lower in patients with HFpEF than control participants at 45% and 70% V....
These data demonstrate the HFpEF syndrome is associated with pulmonary alterations eliciting a greater Pb during exercise resulting from greater inspiratory and expiratory resistive Pb....
Despite decades of research on predictors of extubation success, use of ventilatory support after extubation is common and 10-20% of patients require re-intubation. Proportional assist ventilation (PA...
This prospective observational study was conducted in 6 adult ICUs at an academic medical center. We enrolled intubated subjects who successfully completed a spontaneous breathing trial, had a rapid s...
Of 61 subjects enrolled, 9.8% (...
The discriminative performance of a PAV-derived total WOB value to predict extubation failure was good, indicating total WOB may represent an adjunctive tool for assessing extubation readiness. Howeve...
Measurement of the work of breathing (Wb) during exercise provides useful insights into the energetics and mechanics of the respiratory muscles across a wide range of minute ventilations. The methods ...
The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the quality of methods used to measure the Wb during exercise in the available literature....
We conducted an extensive search of three databases for studies that measured the Wb during exercise in adult humans. Data were extracted on participant characteristics, flow/volume and pressure devic...
A total of 120 articles were included. Flow/volume sensors used were primarily pneumotachographs ( n = 85, 70.8%), whereas the most common pressure transducer was of the variable reluctance type ( n =...
The findings of this systematic review highlight the need for the development of a standardized approach for measuring Wb, which is informative, practical, and accessible for future researchers....
Tracheomalacia is an airway condition in which the trachea excessively collapses during breathing. Neonates diagnosed with tracheomalacia require more energy to breathe, and the effect of tracheomalac...
To determine and compare the work of breathing to overcome elastic resistance (Ael) in patients with bronchial asthma (BA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with similar changes in the ...
Differences in the manifestations of similar changes in the elastic properties of the lungs in patients with BA and COPD were evaluated. To identify differences, a comparative study was conducted on А...
In COPD patients, Ael was significantly increased (...
This study compared work of breathing (WOB) and the pressure time product (PTP) to verify whether WOB and PTP decrease in the forward-leaning posture compared with erect sitting. Seven healthy adults ...
Preclinical studies suggest that ketamine stimulates breathing. We investigated whether adding a ketamine infusion at low and high doses to propofol sedation improves inspiratory flow and enhances sed...
In this prospective interventional study, twelve intubated, spontaneously breathing patients received ketamine infusions at 5 mcg/kg/min, followed by 10 mcg/kg/min for 1 h each. Airway flow, pressure,...
Ketamine infusion of 5 and 10 mcg/kg/min increased inspiratory flow (median, IQR) from 0.36 (0.29-0.46) L/s at baseline to 0.47 (0.32-0.57) L/s and 0.44 (0.33-0.58) L/s, respectively (...
In intubated, spontaneously breathing patients receiving a constant rate of propofol, ketamine increased inspiratory flow, reduced inspiratory work of breathing, and was associated with an "activated"...
Various forms of commonly used noninvasive respiratory support strategies have considerable effect on diaphragmatic contractile function which can be evaluated using sonographic diaphragm activity par...
To compare the magnitude of respiratory workload decreased as assessed by thickening fraction of the diaphragm and longitudinal diaphragmatic strain while using high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and noni...
This prospective randomized controlled trial was performed at a tertiary care surgical intensive care unit in postcardiac surgery patients aged between 1 and 48 months, who were randomly allocated int...
Sixty patients were included, with 20 patients each in the NIPPV group, HFNC group, and BiPAP group. Longitudinal strain at crura of diaphragm was lower in the BiPAP group as compared to HFNC group at...
BiPAP may provide better decrease in work of breathing compared to HFNC as reflected by lower crural diaphragmatic strain pattern. HFNC may provide better oxygenation compared to NIPPV group, as refle...
