Titre : Dérive génétique

Dérive génétique : Questions médicales fréquentes

Termes MeSH sélectionnés :

Exercise
{ "@context": "https://schema.org", "@graph": [ { "@type": "MedicalWebPage", "name": "Dérive génétique : Questions médicales les plus fréquentes", "headline": "Dérive génétique : Comprendre les symptômes, diagnostics et traitements", "description": "Guide complet et accessible sur les Dérive génétique : explications, diagnostics, traitements et prévention. Information médicale validée destinée aux patients.", "datePublished": "2024-01-01", "dateModified": "2025-03-26", "inLanguage": "fr", "medicalAudience": [ { "@type": "MedicalAudience", "name": "Grand public", "audienceType": "Patient", "healthCondition": { "@type": "MedicalCondition", "name": "Dérive génétique" }, "suggestedMinAge": 18, "suggestedGender": "unisex" }, { "@type": "MedicalAudience", "name": "Médecins", "audienceType": "Physician", "geographicArea": { "@type": "AdministrativeArea", "name": "France" } }, { "@type": "MedicalAudience", "name": "Chercheurs", "audienceType": "Researcher", "geographicArea": { "@type": "AdministrativeArea", "name": "International" } } ], "reviewedBy": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Dr Olivier Menir", "jobTitle": "Expert en Médecine", "description": "Expert en Médecine, Optimisation des Parcours de Soins et Révision Médicale", "url": "/static/pages/docteur-olivier-menir.html", "alumniOf": { "@type": "EducationalOrganization", "name": "Université Paris Descartes" } }, "isPartOf": { "@type": "MedicalWebPage", "name": "Évolution biologique", "url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/mesh/D005075", "about": { "@type": "MedicalCondition", "name": "Évolution biologique", "code": { "@type": "MedicalCode", "code": "D005075", "codingSystem": "MeSH" }, "identifier": { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "MeSH Tree", "value": "G16.075" } } }, "hasPart": [ { "@type": "MedicalWebPage", "name": "Dérive et cassure antigéniques", "alternateName": "Antigenic Drift and Shift", "url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/mesh/D000088603", "about": { "@type": "MedicalCondition", "name": "Dérive et cassure antigéniques", "code": { "@type": "MedicalCode", "code": "D000088603", "codingSystem": "MeSH" }, "identifier": { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "MeSH Tree", "value": "G16.075.300.500" } } } ], "about": { "@type": "MedicalCondition", "name": "Dérive génétique", "alternateName": "Genetic Drift", "code": { "@type": "MedicalCode", "code": "D040961", "codingSystem": "MeSH" } }, "author": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "Katia Koelle", "url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/author/Katia%20Koelle", "affiliation": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322." } }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Robert J Zupko", "url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/author/Robert%20J%20Zupko", "affiliation": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA." } }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Joseph L Servadio", "url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/author/Joseph%20L%20Servadio", "affiliation": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA." } }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Tran Dang Nguyen", "url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/author/Tran%20Dang%20Nguyen", "affiliation": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA." } }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Thu Nguyen-Anh Tran", "url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/author/Thu%20Nguyen-Anh%20Tran", "affiliation": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA." } } ], "citation": [ { "@type": "ScholarlyArticle", "name": "Anxiety, body dissatisfaction, and exercise identity: Differentiating between adaptive and compulsive exercise.", "datePublished": "2023-05-20", "url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/article/37235995", "identifier": { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "DOI", "value": "10.1016/j.eatbeh.2023.101755" } }, { "@type": "ScholarlyArticle", "name": "Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations as moderators of the association between exercise frequency and exercise behavior.", "datePublished": "2022-07-01", "url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/article/35776380", "identifier": { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "DOI", "value": "10.1007/s40519-022-01430-6" } }, { "@type": "ScholarlyArticle", "name": "Exercise Dependence and Anxiety in Cross-Trainers, Bodybuilders and Gym Exercisers During COVID19.", "datePublished": "2022-05-16", "url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/article/35574906", "identifier": { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "DOI", "value": "10.1177/00315125221098326" } }, { "@type": "ScholarlyArticle", "name": "Exercising with Parkinson's: The good, the bad and the need for support to keep exercising. A qualitative study.", "datePublished": "2022-05-13", "url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/article/35549564", "identifier": { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "DOI", "value": "10.1177/02692155221100884" } }, { "@type": "ScholarlyArticle", "name": "Added Breathing Resistance during Exercise Impairs Pulmonary Ventilation and Exaggerates Exercise-Induced Hypoxemia Leading to Impaired Aerobic Exercise Performance.", "datePublished": "2023-05-09", "url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/article/37239486", "identifier": { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "DOI", "value": "10.3390/ijerph20105757" } } ], "breadcrumb": { "@type": "BreadcrumbList", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "name": "questionsmedicales.fr", "item": "https://questionsmedicales.fr" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, "name": "Phénomènes biologiques", "item": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/mesh/D001686" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 3, "name": "Évolution biologique", "item": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/mesh/D005075" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 4, "name": "Dérive génétique", "item": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/mesh/D040961" } ] } }, { "@type": "MedicalWebPage", "name": "Article complet : Dérive génétique - Questions et réponses", "headline": "Questions et réponses médicales fréquentes sur Dérive génétique", "description": "Une compilation de questions et réponses structurées, validées par des experts médicaux.", "datePublished": "2025-05-03", "inLanguage": "fr", "hasPart": [ { "@type": "MedicalWebPage", "name": "Diagnostic", "headline": "Diagnostic sur Dérive génétique", "description": "Comment identifier la dérive génétique ?\nQuels tests génétiques sont utilisés ?\nLa dérive génétique peut-elle être mesurée ?\nQuels outils bioinformatiques sont utiles ?\nLa dérive génétique affecte-t-elle tous les gènes ?", "url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/mesh/D040961?mesh_terms=Exercise&page=3#section-diagnostic" }, { "@type": "MedicalWebPage", "name": "Symptômes", "headline": "Symptômes sur Dérive génétique", "description": "Quels symptômes sont liés à la dérive génétique ?\nLa dérive génétique cause-t-elle des maladies ?\nY a-t-il des signes de dérive génétique ?\nLa dérive génétique affecte-t-elle la fertilité ?\nLes populations isolées montrent-elles des symptômes ?", "url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/mesh/D040961?mesh_terms=Exercise&page=3#section-symptômes" }, { "@type": "MedicalWebPage", "name": "Prévention", "headline": "Prévention sur Dérive génétique", "description": "Comment prévenir la dérive génétique ?\nLes réserves naturelles aident-elles ?\nL'élevage sélectif est-il efficace ?\nLes programmes de conservation sont-ils utiles ?\nLa migration des espèces aide-t-elle ?", "url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/mesh/D040961?mesh_terms=Exercise&page=3#section-prévention" }, { "@type": "MedicalWebPage", "name": "Traitements", "headline": "Traitements sur Dérive génétique", "description": "Y a-t-il des traitements pour la dérive génétique ?\nComment gérer les effets de la dérive génétique ?\nPeut-on prévenir la dérive génétique ?\nLes thérapies géniques aident-elles ?\nLa sélection naturelle peut-elle contrer la dérive ?", "url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/mesh/D040961?mesh_terms=Exercise&page=3#section-traitements" }, { "@type": "MedicalWebPage", "name": "Complications", "headline": "Complications sur Dérive génétique", "description": "Quelles complications peuvent survenir ?\nLa dérive génétique augmente-t-elle le risque d'extinction ?\nLes populations en danger sont-elles plus affectées ?\nLa dérive peut-elle affecter l'adaptation ?\nY a-t-il des effets sur la santé publique ?", "url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/mesh/D040961?mesh_terms=Exercise&page=3#section-complications" }, { "@type": "MedicalWebPage", "name": "Facteurs de risque", "headline": "Facteurs de risque sur Dérive génétique", "description": "Quels facteurs augmentent la dérive génétique ?\nLes événements fondateurs influencent-ils ?\nLe changement climatique est-il un facteur ?\nLes maladies peuvent-elles influencer la dérive ?\nLes pratiques agricoles affectent-elles la dérive ?", "url": "https://questionsmedicales.fr/mesh/D040961?mesh_terms=Exercise&page=3#section-facteurs de risque" } ] }, { "@type": "FAQPage", "mainEntity": [ { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment identifier la dérive génétique ?", "position": 1, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Elle est identifiée par l'analyse des variations génétiques au fil des générations." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels tests génétiques sont utilisés ?", "position": 2, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Des tests de séquençage et d'analyse de marqueurs génétiques sont utilisés." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "La dérive génétique peut-elle être mesurée ?", "position": 3, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, elle peut être mesurée par des indices de diversité génétique." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels outils bioinformatiques sont utiles ?", "position": 4, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Des logiciels comme STRUCTURE et Arlequin aident à analyser la dérive génétique." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "La dérive génétique affecte-t-elle tous les gènes ?", "position": 5, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Non, elle affecte principalement les gènes dans des populations isolées." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels symptômes sont liés à la dérive génétique ?", "position": 6, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "La dérive génétique n'a pas de symptômes directs, mais peut affecter la santé des populations." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "La dérive génétique cause-t-elle des maladies ?", "position": 7, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Indirectement, elle peut augmenter la fréquence de maladies génétiques dans une population." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Y a-t-il des signes de dérive génétique ?", "position": 8, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les signes sont des changements dans la fréquence des traits génétiques au fil du temps." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "La dérive génétique affecte-t-elle la fertilité ?", "position": 9, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Elle peut influencer la fertilité en modifiant la diversité génétique, mais pas directement." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Les populations isolées montrent-elles des symptômes ?", "position": 10, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, elles peuvent présenter des traits spécifiques dus à la dérive génétique." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment prévenir la dérive génétique ?", "position": 11, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Favoriser la diversité génétique par des échanges entre populations peut aider." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Les réserves naturelles aident-elles ?", "position": 12, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, elles préservent la diversité génétique et limitent la dérive dans les populations." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "L'élevage sélectif est-il efficace ?", "position": 13, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "L'élevage sélectif peut réduire les effets de la dérive en maintenant la diversité." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Les programmes de conservation sont-ils utiles ?", "position": 14, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, ils aident à maintenir la diversité génétique et à prévenir la dérive." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "La migration des espèces aide-t-elle ?", "position": 15, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, la migration peut introduire de nouveaux gènes et réduire la dérive." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Y a-t-il des traitements pour la dérive génétique ?", "position": 16, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Il n'existe pas de traitements, car c'est un processus évolutif naturel." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Comment gérer les effets de la dérive génétique ?", "position": 17, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "La gestion passe par la conservation de la diversité génétique dans les populations." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Peut-on prévenir la dérive génétique ?", "position": 18, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "On peut réduire ses effets par des programmes de reproduction contrôlée." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Les thérapies géniques aident-elles ?", "position": 19, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les thérapies géniques ne ciblent pas la dérive génétique, mais des maladies spécifiques." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "La sélection naturelle peut-elle contrer la dérive ?", "position": 20, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, la sélection naturelle peut influencer les fréquences alléliques et contrer la dérive." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quelles complications peuvent survenir ?", "position": 21, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "La dérive peut entraîner une perte de diversité génétique et des maladies héréditaires." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "La dérive génétique augmente-t-elle le risque d'extinction ?", "position": 22, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, elle peut accroître le risque d'extinction des populations en réduisant la diversité." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Les populations en danger sont-elles plus affectées ?", "position": 23, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, les populations en danger sont plus vulnérables à la dérive génétique." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "La dérive peut-elle affecter l'adaptation ?", "position": 24, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, elle peut limiter l'adaptation des populations aux changements environnementaux." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Y a-t-il des effets sur la santé publique ?", "position": 25, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, la dérive peut influencer la prévalence de certaines maladies dans les populations." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Quels facteurs augmentent la dérive génétique ?", "position": 26, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Les petites tailles de population et l'isolement géographique augmentent le risque." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Les événements fondateurs influencent-ils ?", "position": 27, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, les événements fondateurs peuvent réduire la diversité génétique et favoriser la dérive." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Le changement climatique est-il un facteur ?", "position": 28, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, il peut isoler des populations et augmenter la dérive génétique." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Les maladies peuvent-elles influencer la dérive ?", "position": 29, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, les épidémies peuvent réduire la taille de la population et favoriser la dérive." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Les pratiques agricoles affectent-elles la dérive ?", "position": 30, "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Oui, l'agriculture intensive peut réduire la diversité génétique et favoriser la dérive." } } ] } ] }

Sources (10000 au total)

Anxiety, body dissatisfaction, and exercise identity: Differentiating between adaptive and compulsive exercise.

Little is known about psychosocial variables that may be differentially associated with compulsive exercise versus adaptive exercise. The current study simultaneously examined associations of exercise... A total of 446 individuals (50.2 % female) completed reports of compulsive exercise, adaptive exercise, body dissatisfaction, exercise identity, and anxiety via an online survey. Multiple linear regre... Exercise identity, body dissatisfaction, and anxiety were all significantly associated with compulsive exercise. Only exercise identity and anxiety were significantly associated with adaptive exercise... Exercise identity emerged as the strongest predictor of both compulsive and adaptive exercise. The simultaneous presence of exercise identity, body dissatisfaction, and anxiety may contribute to high ...

Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations as moderators of the association between exercise frequency and exercise behavior.

Motivations underlying exercise may contribute to the extent to which exercise is maladaptive, independent of exercise frequency. Extrinsic and intrinsic exercise motivation may independently moderate... A total of 446 university students (50.9% female; 67.0% White) completed measures of intrinsic and extrinsic exercise motivations, exercise frequency, compulsive exercise, and healthy exercise. Intrin... Moderation effects of exercise motivation were not supported for compulsive exercise. Only main effects of frequency (b = 0.04, p < 0.01) and extrinsic motivation (b = 0.27, p < 0.01) were observed. I... Consistent with theory and extant work, extrinsic motivation was associated with compulsive exercise, while intrinsic motivation was associated with healthy exercise. Clinically, assessing the extent ... Level V, Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study....

Exercising with Parkinson's: The good, the bad and the need for support to keep exercising. A qualitative study.

To explore the experiences of people with Parkinson's disease exercising and to determine if the location (home versus centre) or exercising in a group impacted on their experience.... A qualitative study.... Community-dwelling people with mild to moderate Parkinson's disease who had undertaken a 10-week exercise intervention.... Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 participants; nine participants had completed 10-weeks of predominately home-based exercise and eight participants had predominately centre-based exce... Four key themes emerged. Two themes: 'targeted exercise is important when you have Parkinson's disease' and 'support helps me to gain the most from the exercise', were related to exercising with Parki... Experiences of people with Parkinson's disease when exercising were primarily influenced by the prescription of specific exercise and the support provided. There was no clear preference for the locati...

Do cervical stabilization exercises change the effects of conventional exercises in patients with Parkinson's disease?

The aim of this study was to examine whether cervical stabilization exercises (CSEs) change the effects of conventional exercises (CEs) in patients with PD.... Twenty-five patients with PD were randomized into two groups. While the experimental group (EG) received CSEs in addition to CEs, the control group (CG) received only CEs. Both programs lasted 8 weeks... At the end of the study, significant improvement was observed in both groups in terms of trunk rotation angle and pelvic asymmetry, the time parameter of TUG, and the 10MWT (... CEs and CSEs could improve walking speed and posture in patients with PD, but if CSEs are added to CEs, greater improvements could be achieved in JPS and postural control.(Clinical Trials ID: NCT03854...

Can Live-Actor Patients in a Mass Casualty Incident Exercise Benefit as Exercise Players?

In a mass casualty incident (MCI) exercise, live-actor patients (LAPs) simulated different scenarios in the exercise. This study compared the benefit to LAPs with that to exercise players (EPs) and no... An MCI exercise was conducted in 2018. Emergency department (ED) nurses were assigned as EPs, LAPs, or NPs and asked to attend a pre-exercise lecture. A pre-exercise survey evaluated all ED nurses' ba... Twenty-nine ED nurses completed both surveys. Confidence improved significantly for both the EP and LAP groups. The DMK of the LAP group improved significantly. EOPF also improved significantly for al... ED nurses can benefit from participating as LAPs in full-scale MCI exercises. Having ED nurses act as LAPs makes it possible to train more staff in 1 exercise....

Exercise adherence in a randomized controlled trial of exercise on quality of life in ovarian cancer survivors.

Factors associated with improving exercise in ovarian cancer survivors remain unknown. We explored characteristics associated with exercise adherence among women treated for ovarian cancer in the Wome... We evaluated adherence among women randomized to the WALC exercise intervention (N = 74). Women had to be exercising ≤ 90 min/week and post-treatment. The intervention included 25 telephone-based exer... Women were 57.3 ± 8.8 years old and 1.7 ± 1.0 years since diagnosis. The mean exercise time over 6 months was 166.0 ± 66.1 min/week, and 64.9% of women met the 150 min/week goal. Women attended 22.8 ±... Women attending more counseling sessions or with no cancer recurrence during the study were more likely to meet the exercise goal. More research is needed to understand ideal counseling intensity for ... Eighteen counseling sessions are sufficient for ovarian cancer survivors to achieve 150 min/week exercise....

Exercise adherence in trials of therapeutic exercise interventions for common musculoskeletal conditions: A scoping review.

The aims of the scoping review were to: (1) evaluate how commonly trialists assess and report adherence to exercise intervention for common musculoskeletal conditions and (2) report the levels of adhe... Medline, Cinahl, Embase, Emcare, and SPORTDiscus databases were searched using predefined terms. Published randomised controlled trials were included. Trials were included if they investigated the eff... 321 trials were included; less than half (46.7%, 150/321) measured adherence. When adherence was assessed, 21% (31/150) of trials did not report the results. Adherence levels were greater when people ... A majority of trials investigating exercise interventions for common musculoskeletal conditions do not assess exercise adherence. Trials that were registered reported exercise adherence more frequentl...