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"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment l'optogénétique est-elle diagnostiquée ?",
"position": 1,
"acceptedAnswer": {
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"text": "Elle est diagnostiquée par des techniques d'imagerie et des tests fonctionnels sur des cellules modifiées."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels outils sont utilisés pour le diagnostic ?",
"position": 2,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Des microscopes à fluorescence et des systèmes de stimulation lumineuse sont utilisés."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Peut-on diagnostiquer des troubles avec l'optogénétique ?",
"position": 3,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, elle aide à étudier des troubles neurologiques en ciblant des neurones spécifiques."
}
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{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "L'optogénétique nécessite-t-elle des échantillons biologiques ?",
"position": 4,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, des échantillons de tissus ou de cellules sont souvent nécessaires pour l'analyse."
}
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{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels types de cellules sont ciblées en optogénétique ?",
"position": 5,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Principalement des neurones, mais aussi d'autres types cellulaires peuvent être modifiés."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels symptômes l'optogénétique peut-elle aider à étudier ?",
"position": 6,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Elle aide à étudier des symptômes comme l'anxiété, la dépression et les troubles moteurs."
}
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{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "L'optogénétique peut-elle induire des symptômes ?",
"position": 7,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Non, elle ne provoque pas de symptômes, mais elle permet d'observer des réponses neuronales."
}
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{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment l'optogénétique aide-t-elle à comprendre les symptômes ?",
"position": 8,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Elle permet de manipuler des circuits neuronaux pour observer les effets sur le comportement."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Peut-on mesurer des symptômes en temps réel ?",
"position": 9,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, l'optogénétique permet des mesures en temps réel des réponses neuronales aux stimuli."
}
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{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels symptômes sont liés aux troubles traités par l'optogénétique ?",
"position": 10,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Des symptômes comme les convulsions, les troubles de l'humeur et les déficits cognitifs."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "L'optogénétique peut-elle aider à prévenir des maladies ?",
"position": 11,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Indirectement, en permettant une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes de la maladie."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment l'optogénétique contribue-t-elle à la recherche préventive ?",
"position": 12,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Elle permet d'étudier les facteurs de risque et les mécanismes sous-jacents des maladies."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Peut-on utiliser l'optogénétique pour des études épidémiologiques ?",
"position": 13,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, elle peut être intégrée dans des études pour comprendre la propagation des maladies."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels types de prévention sont envisagés avec l'optogénétique ?",
"position": 14,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Des stratégies de prévention basées sur la modulation des circuits neuronaux."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "L'optogénétique peut-elle aider à identifier des biomarqueurs ?",
"position": 15,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, elle peut aider à identifier des biomarqueurs pour des maladies neurologiques."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "L'optogénétique est-elle utilisée comme traitement ?",
"position": 16,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Elle est principalement utilisée pour la recherche, mais a un potentiel thérapeutique."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels types de maladies pourraient bénéficier de l'optogénétique ?",
"position": 17,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Des maladies comme la maladie de Parkinson, l'épilepsie et les troubles de l'humeur."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment l'optogénétique est-elle administrée ?",
"position": 18,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Elle est administrée par l'insertion de gènes sensibles à la lumière dans des cellules cibles."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels sont les résultats attendus des traitements optogénétiques ?",
"position": 19,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Amélioration des symptômes neurologiques et modulation des circuits neuronaux."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Y a-t-il des effets secondaires connus ?",
"position": 20,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les effets secondaires sont encore à l'étude, mais peuvent inclure des réponses immunitaires."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles complications peuvent survenir avec l'optogénétique ?",
"position": 21,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Des complications peuvent inclure des infections ou des réactions aux vecteurs utilisés."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Y a-t-il des risques associés à l'optogénétique ?",
"position": 22,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les risques incluent des effets indésirables liés à la manipulation génétique."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment minimiser les complications en optogénétique ?",
"position": 23,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "En suivant des protocoles stricts et en surveillant les patients après les interventions."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les complications sont-elles fréquentes ?",
"position": 24,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Elles sont rares, mais la recherche continue d'évaluer la sécurité de la technique."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quelles sont les complications à long terme ?",
"position": 25,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les complications à long terme sont encore mal comprises et nécessitent des études approfondies."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Quels sont les facteurs de risque pour l'optogénétique ?",
"position": 26,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Les facteurs incluent des antécédents médicaux, des maladies neurologiques et des traitements antérieurs."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "L'âge influence-t-il les résultats de l'optogénétique ?",
"position": 27,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, l'âge peut affecter la réponse aux traitements optogénétiques et la récupération."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Y a-t-il des facteurs environnementaux à considérer ?",
"position": 28,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, des facteurs comme le stress et l'exposition à des toxines peuvent influencer les résultats."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Les facteurs génétiques jouent-ils un rôle ?",
"position": 29,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Oui, les variations génétiques peuvent influencer la réponse aux interventions optogénétiques."
}
},
{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "Comment évaluer les facteurs de risque en optogénétique ?",
"position": 30,
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "Par des évaluations cliniques et des études génétiques pour identifier les vulnérabilités."
}
}
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}
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Retinal sensitivity decreases with age and age-related eye diseases. Peripheral retinal sensitivity may also be compromised if the refractive correction is not optimized for peripheral vision....
This study aimed to determine the impact of using a peripheral refractive correction on perimetric thresholds and the influence of age and spherical equivalent on this impact....
We measured, in 10 younger (20 to 30 years) and 10 older (58 to 72 years) healthy subjects, perimetric thresholds for Goldmann size III stimulus in several test locations along the horizontal meridian...
Retinal sensitivity was higher if the eyes were optimally corrected for the concerning test location (P = .008), and the effect of this peripheral correction differed between the younger and older sub...
Peripheral optical correction has a variable impact on retinal sensitivity, and therefore, assessment of retinal sensitivity may be more accurate if peripheral defocus and astigmatism are corrected....
This study explored the potential of telemedicine integration into the eye health ecosystem with an aim of scaling effective refractive error coverage in Kenya. This exploratory study was conducted te...
Even though the burden of uncorrected refractive error could potentially be addressed through innovative and cost-effective approaches, integration of the services into the National Health Services (N...
A situation analysis of the Kenyan refractive error services provided by optometrists within the NHS was undertaken based on access to service delivery, service coverage, and human resource. A strengt...
A section of tertiary and secondary healthcare facilities in Kenya have specific services to address refractive errors within the NHS with most facilities lacking such services. Treatment of refractiv...
The Kenyan NHS should advocate for primary care and reorient the current hospital-based delivery approach for refractive error services. This is attributed to the fact that provision of refractive err...
In patients with strabismus, the stereopsis and Worth 4-dot (W4d) tests have often been used to evaluate whether sensory fusion is achieved. However, if patients face difficulties undergoing the Titmu...
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 195 children with reduced VA with VA improvement ≥ 20/25, Titmus stereoacuity ≤ 50 arcsec, and fusion in the W4d result after refractive error correc...
The UCVA showed a marginal but non-significant correlation with Titmus stereoacuity (p = 0.053) and a significant correlation with fusion in W4d (p < 0.001). The ROC curve analysis showed an optimal c...
Correcting refractive error in advance may help appropriately interpret sensory status in school-aged children with reduced VA due to refractive error abnormalities....
To assess the accuracy of refraction measurements by ClickCheckTM compared with the standard practice of subjective refraction at a tertiary level eye hospital....
Diagnostic accuracy trial....
All participants, recruited consecutively, underwent auto-refraction (AR) and subjective refraction (SR) followed by refraction measurement using ClickCheckTM (CR) by a trained research assistant. Eye...
The 1,079 participants enrolled had a mean (SD) age of 39.02 (17.94) years and 56% were women. Overall, 45.3% of the participants had refractive error greater than ±0.5D. The mean (SD) spherical corre...
There was a high level of agreement for spherical power measurement between CR and SR. However, improvements are needed in order to accurately assess the cylindrical power. Being a portable, low-cost ...
To assess the availability of refractive error correction services (RECS) in selected Zambian hospitals....
Between October 2021 and March 2022, we conducted a cross-sectional study design among 20 eye health service providers selected from 20 public health facilities offering RECS in 20 districts from 8 pr...
All 20 respondents returned the completed questionnaires. Most facilities met the Ministry of Health recommended equipment requirement, though tonometers were lacking in some facilities. Out of the 20...
These findings show limited availability of RECS in the 20 health facilities. They also confirm that challenges in staffing levels, insufficient equipment and low rate of spectacle dispensing negative...
Refractive errors, amblyopia, strabismus, and low vision are more common among children with hearing impairments in comparison with their hearing peers. Neglecting visual disorders can pose educationa...
A total of 79 deaf and hearing impaired students within the age range of 7-20 years (mean age of 15.01 ± 2.72) underwent optometric examinations, including autorefractometry, retinoscopy, ophthalmosco...
Regarding the prevalence of refractive errors, 32 (40.5%) subjects had one or a combination of refractive errors, the most common of which was astigmatism (36.7%), followed by amblyopia (15.1%). The m...
As evidenced by the obtained results, refractive errors, amblyopia, strabismus, and low vision are more prevalent among deaf and hearing-impaired children compared to normal children because deaf and ...
The cornea is the major contributor to the refractive power of the eye, and corneal diseases are a leading cause of reversible blindness. The main treatment for advanced corneal disease is keratoplast...
To investigate the level of compliance of children with refractive errors who are provided free spectacles, and to identify the reasons for non-compliance....
We systematically searched the PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases from the time these databases were established to April 2022, including studies published in Engli...
Fourteen articles were eligible for inclusion, and 11 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The overall compliance with spectacle use was 53.11%. There was a statistically significant effect of ...
The combination of providing free spectacles along with educational interventions can lead to high levels of compliance among the study participants. Based on this study's findings, we recommend imple...
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=338507, identifier: CRD42022338507....
During calendar year 2019, the estimated prevalence of myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism were 17.5%, 2.1%, and 11.2% in the active component of the U.S. Armed Forces and 10.1%, 1.2%, and 6.1% of the ...