Improved anaerobic biodegradability of wheat straw, solid cattle manure and solid slaughterhouse by alkali, ultrasonic and alkali-ultrasonic pre-treatment.

Wheat straw and animal wastes are important feedstock for biogas production in Europe. Yet, the high content of lignocellulosic and refractory materials causes the process to be relatively slow. Therefore, pretreatment methods have been proposed to shorten the hydrolysis phase. The present study examined the effectiveness of alkali pre-treatment (AP), ultrasonic pre-treatment (UP), and alkali-ultrasonic pre-treatment (AUP) applied on wheat straw (WS), solid fraction of cattle manure (SCM) and solid fraction of slaughterhouse waste (SSHW), by monitoring solubilisation ratio, anaerobic biodegradability and methane yield. The results indicate that the solubilisation ratio of the substrates improved regardless of the types of pre-treatment applied. Though, AP was more effective on WS and SSHW than other pre-treatments (UP and AUP), with approximately 47% and 17% extra methane, respectively. Moreover, AP of SCM caused an increased in methane production rate by 100% and minimised lag phase from 16 days to 1 day during anaerobic digestion. Based on Danish conditions, only AP of WS was economical prior to the biogas process due to high extra methane yield. A positive energy budget of 8 € t